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Topic: Working conditions

	Working conditions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Conditions of work for those at the surface were not ideal, with women and children working in open sided sheds or on cobbled dressing floors that were exposed to the sun, wind and rain.
		Miners only got paid when they started work at their pitch and were grateful for any time saving device that also spared them the physical ordeal of climbing up and down numerous ladders.
		In such damp, moist conditions, a disease named ankylostomiasis thrived, the symptoms of which were red skin blotches and anaemia, caused by contact with a parasitic worm that lived in human faeces.
	www.cornish-mining.org.uk /comcult/work.htm (2176 words)

	FIRST SYNTHESIS REPORT ON THE WORKING CONDITIONS SITUATION
		A central role of the PAC is to advise on the project’s work, with the overall goal of improving working conditions.
		Workers who undertook their work in a standing position were not able to sit down when taking a break because they were either not allowed to do so (9 factories) and/or no, or not enough, chairs/benches were provided for this purpose (19 factories).
		A strike is a concerted work stoppage by a group of workers that takes place within an enterprise for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction for their demand from the employer as a condition of their return to work.
	www.ilo.org /public/english/dialogue/ifpdial/publ/cambodia.htm (9285 words)

	NIH Guide: THE EFFECT OF HEALTH CARE WORKING CONDITIONS ON QUALITY OF CARE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Work Hours and Staffing Work performance may be substantially influenced by multiple work factors, including how work is organized, the mix and type of health care personnel, and the existence of clearly defined work processes.
		Investigators are encouraged to investigate the effect of working conditions on quality of care with all types of direct care providers, such as, physicians, nurses, pharmacists, therapists, aides and medical residents and others.
		In addition, projects that test interventions or assess working conditions that may be of particular importance to the quality of care received by at-risk populations, such as AHRQ’s priority populations (women, children, elderly and minorities, residents of the inner city and rural areas, persons with special health care needs), are desirable.
	grants.nih.gov /grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-HS-01-005.html (8185 words)

	The Working Classes and Child Labor
		The family functioned together as a working unit, from which the earnings of every member was given to the parents for distribution.
		And In 1874 due to the work of the emerging unions laws were passed which limited an adults work to nine hours a day, for a total of 56 hours a week.
		William Dodd wrote of case where a young girl would work from 5:30am to 7pm every day(Burnett, 36).Once they did start and were receiving their own wages they kept them to themselves, instead of contributing to the household budget.
	www.gober.net /victorian/reports/work.html (2000 words)

	FAIR AND JUST WORKING CONDITIONS - Charter of Fundamental Rights
		The organisation of working hours is another aspect of working conditions which, in combination with article 33 of the Charter (Family and professional life), could also be a right recognised to workers.
		A similar agreement as regards contracts for temporary work was contemplated, but after the breakdown in negotiations between the parties involved in labour negotiations, the Commission presented a proposal for a directive concerned with work conditions for temporary workers (COM (2002) 149).
		Whether national legislation on night work by workers whose employment is governed by private law may be applied to doctors in primary health care teams whose employment is governed by public law is a question to be resolved by the national court in accordance with domestic law.
	www.europarl.eu.int /comparl/libe/elsj/charter/art31/default_en.htm (9517 words)

	The Effect of Health Care Working Conditions on Patient Safety: Summary of Evidence Report/Technology Assessment, No. 74
		Antecedent conditions, which are external factors such as personal characteristics of workers and fixed structural characteristics of the system (e.g., geographic location, regulations, and legislation), can affect the impact of working conditions on patient safety.
		For several specific working conditions, there is evidence that the working condition affects patient safety, but the evidence comes from few studies and is insufficient to draw clear conclusions.
		With the exception of selected work processes pertaining to workflow design, most of the evidence on the relationship of working conditions to patient safety is derived from non-experimental studies.
	www.ahrq.gov /clinic/epcsums/worksum.htm (1681 words)

	Unasylva - No. 172 - Forest worker safety - Improving working conditions in ZAFFICO, Zambia's parastatal forest industry
		In the first step, the worker worked at a normal pace, avoiding unnecessary rest such as waiting time, talking to colleagues, etc. In the second step, the work method and pace were varied to consider the effect on the heart rate.
		In the case of felling operations, the normal working procedure was to work for a period of 30 to 45 minutes and then take a rest of 15 minutes during which the chain was sharpened and small repair work done.
		The convention states that the working environment shall be kept free from any noise hazards, by technical measures applied in the design or installation of new plants or processes, or added to existing plants or processes; or, where this is not possible, by supplementary organizational measures.
	www.fao.org /docrep/u8520E/u8520e04.htm (3553 words)

	Working conditions standards, including weekly rest, holiday, wages - International Labour Standards (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Hours of Work (Industry) Convention, 1919 (No. 1) obliges ratifying States to set the working hours of persons employed in any public or private industrial undertaking, with certain possible exceptions, at not more than eight in the day and forty-eight in the week.
		The Night Work Convention, 1990 (No. 171), obliges ratifying States to take specific measures required by the nature of night work, for the benefit of night workers in order to protect their health, assist them to meet family and social responsibilities, provide opportunities for occupational advancement, and adequately compensate them appropriately.
		The Part Time Work Convention, 1994 (No. 175), requires ratifying States to take measures to ensure that part-time workers receive the same protection as that accorded to comparable ful-time workers in respect of freedom of association, occupational safety and health, discrimination in employment.
	www.ilo.org /public/english/standards/norm/whatare/stndards/condtra.htm (888 words)

	Strenuous Working Conditions During Pregnancy are Related to Preterm Birth
		Physically demanding work was also found to be significantly associated with small-for-gestational-age infants and with maternal hypertension or preeclampsia.
		Between 1961 and 1985, the proportion of women working during the last trimester of pregnancy increased from 52% to 78% and the proportion working within one month of delivery more than doubled (from 23% to 47%).
		Although working conditions may pose smaller risk increases for adverse pregnancy outcomes than do other medical or demographic factors in women's lives, working conditions remain a modifiable risk factor for preterm birth.
	healthlink.mcw.edu /article/968783617.html (466 words)

	Drummond Watch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		We have documented violations of labor standards and uncovered work schedules and methods that endanger the physical and psychological health of the workforce.
		Drummond considers working conditions and work schedules at its mine and port facilities entirely "humane".
		Work schedules at the La Loma mine and Puerto Drummond are nothing short of mideaval.
	www.nomorevictims.org /drummondwatch/conditions/CHP.html (654 words)

	Nurses' Working Conditions and Infectious Disease \| CDC EID
		Staffing patterns and nurses' working conditions are risk factors for healthcare-associated infections as well as occupational injuries and infections.
		Nurse working conditions are related to patients' risk of healthcare-associated infections and occupational injuries and infections among staff (3).
		Monitoring and improving the working conditions of nurses are likely to improve the quality of health care by decreasing the incidence of many infectious diseases, assisting in retaining qualified nurses, and encouraging men and women to enter the profession.
	www.cdc.gov /ncidod/EID/vol10no11/04-0253.htm (3584 words)

	Unasylva - No. 172 - Forest worker safety - Forest management in Indonesia: employment, working conditions and ...
		Such employment conditions are not conducive to the development of a qualified and stable workforce and they are contrary to the government's objective of generating improved working conditions for forest communities.
		Conditions in these areas must be attractive enough to convince whole family units to remain permanently.
		Working time was almost always defined as eight hours per day, six days per week, with a one-hour break daily.
	www.fao.org /docrep/u8520e/u8520e06.htm (2583 words)

	Working Conditions
		These low-paid employees had to work for as long as 16 hours a day; they were subjected to pressure, and even physical punishment, in an effort to make them speed up production.
		Often sweatshop employees where forced to work late into the night so that the job was completed or they wouldn't get paid.
		Working 16 hour days with poor ventilation and frequent cave ins these children might be paid a dollar a day.
	www.socialstudieshelp.com /Lesson_47_Notes.htm (620 words)

	AllRefer.com - Japan - Employment, Wages, and Working Conditions \| Japanese Information Resource
		The percentage of the Japanese labor force employed in heavy industry was 33.7 in 1970; it dropped to 33.1 in 1987 and was expected to be 27.7 in 2000 (see table 15, Appendix).
		Light industry employed 47 percent of the work force in 1970 and 58 percent in 1987.
		Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, well over 95 percent of all men between the ages of twenty-five and fifty-four were in the work force, but the proportion dropped sharply after the usual retirement age of fifty-five (by 1990 the retirement age for most men had risen to sixty).
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/japan/japan145.html (881 words)

	CorpWatch : Working Conditions in Sports Shoe Factories in China
		While working, the workers are not allowed to talk to their co-workers, and if they disobey this rule, they are warned and then fined $1.20-$3.61 (10-30Rmb).
		The safety conditions, the work environment and the living conditions all suggest that the attitude of the supervisors is one of disregard for the workers' well-being.
		In researching and writing on the working conditions at factories in the Pearl River Delta, our ultimate objective is to contribute to the improvement of the working conditions and the position of the workers.
	www.corpwatch.org /article.php?id=3031 (8026 words)

	Working conditions during the Industrial Revolution
		This section looks at some of the conditions faced by workers and offers a brief explanation of what was done to improve these conditions.
		The nature of the work being done meant that the workplace had to be very hot, steam engines contributing further to the heat in this and other industries.
		Increased hours worked by Women and children to 10 and a half hours a day, but not allowed to work before 6am or after 6pm.
	www.schoolshistory.org.uk /IndustrialRevolution/workingconditions.htm (440 words)

	EPO - non examiner recruitment
		The status of the employees is comparable to that of staff in other similar organisations such as the EU or NATO whereby the staff do not work for just their own or one particular country but are in the service of all of the organisations member states.
		A grade staff are professional staff with a full university degree and sufficient language ability to work daily in the three official languages of the office.
		Under certain conditions lower B and C category staff can receive a language allowance if their language skills, as tested by the Office, exceed the normal requirements and are required for their work.
	www.european-patent-office.org /epo/jobs/work_conditions.htm (2022 words)

	Wages and Working Conditions, by Stanley Lebergott: The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics: Library of Economics and ...
		Surely the single most fundamental working condition is the chance of death on the job.
		Hours of work for both men and women were shorter in the United States than in most other nations in 1900.
		Men, too, worked dawn to dusk on the farm, and in most nonfarm jobs (about 60 percent of the total), men worked ten hours a day, six days a week.
	www.econlib.org /library/Enc/WagesandWorkingConditions.html (1745 words)

	SECTQ \| Welcome
		Governor Easley's Teacher Working Conditions Initiative provides North Carolina schools and districts with a unique opportunity to make data driven decisions about improving teacher working conditions, and thereby student achievement, through the creation and support of a stable, high quality teaching force in every classroom across the state.
		This toolkit represents an effort to build on that initial step of documenting teacher working conditions by moving forward to empower community members, teachers, principals, administrators and policymakers to act on the data and improve teacher working conditions.
		With the generous support of the BellSouth Foundation and BellSouth North Carolina operations, some communities across the state are already working with the North Carolina Business Committee for Education, The Southeast Center for Teaching Quality, and BellSouth North Carolina to begin implementing some of the working conditions reform strategies highlighted in the toolkit.
	www.teacherworkingconditions.org (439 words)

	Eurofound: Working Conditions Observatory
		September 2005: Bulgarian survey findings indicate that working conditions are improving, with a number of indicators revealing a better quality of work.
		European working conditions surveys, which have been expanded to include the acceding and candidate countries as well as the Member States.
		In the debate on the future world of work, it is important to analyse the trends and challenges, and the measures required to build a sustainable European working model.
	www.eurofound.eu.int /ewco (319 words)

	Business: Marketing and Advertising: Employment - Open Site (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		There are fewer opportunities for part-time work than in many other industries; in 2002, 14.5 percent of advertising and public relations employees worked part time, compared with 15.8 percent of all workers.
		Work in advertising and public relations is fast-paced and exciting, but it can also be stressful.
		Working with an idea that account management obtains from the client, the creative department brings the idea to life.
	open-site.org /Business/Marketing_and_Advertising/Employment (1378 words)

	Inappropriate working conditions
		According to CTU Contract Administrator John Klusinske, this means that we can insist on reasonable working conditions that allow us to get our work done.
		"If excess cold or other problems create a situation in which employees cannot do their normal work, then employees should insist on reasonable working conditions that are as close to normal as possible," he said.
		It is important that we not accept a choice of working under unacceptable conditions, losing pay or using our own time to leave the situation.
	www.msu.edu /user/ctumsu/environment.htm (300 words)

	Teachers Working Conditions Survey: Front Page
		Last spring I asked educators to participate in the second statewide Teacher Working Conditions Survey so that I could hear directly from teachers and principals as to what they believe are the best ways to improve our schools.
		Armed with this data, we can work together to customize improvement efforts to address specific areas of need, as outlined by our teachers.
		Good teacher working conditions mean good student learning conditions.
	twc.learnnc.org (186 words)

	Lowell National Historical Park - Working Conditions
		All told, the demands of textile employment and the toll exacted in terms of workers' health and safety were far greater by 1900 than in the city's early years.
		A knowledgeable observer in 1903 found that New England mills demanded more work from their operatives than was common even in English mills.
		The declining work week compensated somewhat for the quickened pace of work.
	www.nps.gov /lowe/loweweb/Lowell_History/working_conditions.htm (244 words)

	The Open Door Web Site : History : The Industrial Revolution : Working Conditions
		These children worked in the dark because their families were often too poor to be able to afford candles.
		The conditions were every bit as bad as in the mines, and some reports told of children spending their entire working lives doubled up under machinery in cotton mills.
		However, this was not achieved without pressure from the workers themselves, who increasingly gathered to protest about their conditions of work.
	www.saburchill.com /history/chapters/IR/039.html (652 words)

	The Story of the Triangle Fire: Part 2
		Low wages, excessively long hours, and unsanitary and dangerous working conditions were the hallmarks of sweatshops.
		All were ripe for action against the poor working conditions.
		Unfortunately for the workers, though, many shops were still in the hands of unscrupulous owners, who disregarded basic workers' rights and imposed unsafe working conditions on their employees.
	www.ilr.cornell.edu /trianglefire/narrative2.html (426 words)

	QUT \| Working conditions
		The working conditions of QUT are defined by enterprise bargaining agreements for academic staff, general staff and senior staff.
		Each enterprise agreement contains the current conditions of employment such as salary and classification levels, and leave and superannuation information, for those staff covered by the agreement.
		Employment conditions includes the three enterprise bargaining agreements for QUT staff.
	www.qut.edu.au /services/work/workcond.jsp (83 words)

	Health & Social Service Jobs & Careers. Includes working conditions, employment, training, certifications, job ...
		After working four months she began rotating to patient care in the back office taking patient pulse rates, blood pressure, temperature, giving injections, taking blood and administering electrocardiograms.
		Some homemaker-home health aides work with families in which a parent is incapacitated and small children need care.
		Most homemaker-home health aides, however, work with elderly or disabled clients who require more extensive care than spouse, family, or friends can or are willing to provide informally.
	healthcarejobs.org /hsso.htm (1946 words)

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