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Topic: World Trade Organization

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	ISO/IEC Information Centre
		The Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) - sometimes referred to as the Standards Code - is one of the legal texts of the WTO Agreement which obliges WTO Members to ensure that technical regulations, voluntary standards and conformity assessment procedures do not create unnecessary obstacles to trade.
		In accepting the TBT Agreement, WTO Members agree to ensure that their central government standardizing bodies accept and comply with this Code of Good Practice and agree also to take reasonable measures to ensure that local government, non-governmental and regional standardizing bodies do the same (for the definition of "standardizing bodies" see ISO/IEC Guide 2).
		Trade and environment are both important areas of policymaking and they should be mutually supportive in order to promote sustainable development.
	www.standardsinfo.net /info/livelink/fetch/2000/148478/6301438/inttrade.html (1194 words)

	World trade organization
		At its heart are the WTO agreements, negotiated and signed by the bulk of the worldâs trading nations and ratified in their parliaments.
		Trade friction is channelled into the WTO's dispute settlement process where the focus is on interpreting agreements and commitments, and how to ensure that countries' trade policies conform with them.
		At the heart of the system â” known as the multilateral trading system â” are the WTOâs agreements, negotiated and signed by a large majority of the worldâs trading nations, and ratified in their parliaments.
	www.intljobs.org /organizations/14.asp (292 words)

	World Trade Organization (WTO) - Trade \| IISD
		IISD's Trade Program has focused much attention on the WTO, and how it might be made more responsive to the challenges posed by a concern for sustainable development.
		IISD devotes particular focus to the World Trade Organization and the multilateral trade regime that it administers, exploring the wider policy externalities of its trade rules and of WTO negotiations in new areas such as services, environment and agriculture.
		The WTO not only sets rules which circumscribe the way environmental policies may be formulated, but it also embodies more general rules which guide the flow of trillions of dollars of economic activity across the borders of the world—activity that has enormous potential to frustrate or foster sustainable development.
	www.iisd.org /trade/wto (369 words)

	World Trade Organization - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an international, multilateral organization, which sets the rules for the global trading system and resolves disputes between its member states, all of whom are signatories to its approximately 30 agreements.
		All WTO members are required to grant one another most favoured nation status, such that (with some exceptions) trade concessions granted by a WTO member to another country must be granted to all WTO members (WTO, 2004c).
		The sixth WTO Conference Ministerial was held in Hong Kong from December 13 - December 18, 2005.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/World_Trade_Organization (4197 words)

	World Trade Organization Activity - Volume 20 No. 4 - Summer 2006 - Rethinking Schools Online
		A main purpose of the World Trade Organization is to oversee the trade rules of member countries and to resolve disputes between countries.
		The TRIPS (Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights) Agreement of the WTO was designed to protect intellectual property rights consistently around the world, but it has been criticized for placing the patent rights of multinational corporations over the traditional knowledge of the world's small farmers and indigenous peoples.
		In 2003, the United States government filed an "unfair trade" suit against the EU in the courts of the World Trade Organization, and although no decision has been made in the suit, the pressure seems to be working.
	www.rethinkingschools.org /archive/20_04/wto204.shtml (4030 words)

	WTO \| World Trade Organization: WTO / GATT Home page
		The WTO wishes to make known that anti-globalization efforts are escalating to a level that is already tasteless, and could in short order become dangerous to the continued progress of economic forces.
		These electorates, always reluctant to adopt the rational thinking of the free trade extremists (who have, after all, proved their worth by being the world's wealthiest people, or hired by same), are the only real obstacle to the kind of progress and development that is considered most likely to benefit all.
		Expanding these corporate powers--as the WTO intends to do in Seattle and beyond--will further cripple governments and make them even less able to protect their citizens from the ravages of those entities whose only aim is to grow richer and richer and richer.
	www.gatt.org /homewto.html (2195 words)

	World Trade Organization
		The World Trade Organization was created in 1994 as the successor organization to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and represents 146 countries in an effort to globalize commerce.
		This is the world court of trade where mega-buck arguments on everything from restrictions on imports and e-commerce issues are debated and settled and rules are made.
		He sought the favor of the non-governmental organizations of the North and vowed to harmonize trade with environmental and labor causes, and to open up the WTO to the NGOs (non-governmental organizations).
	latter-rain.com /freedom/seattlewto.htm (6035 words)

	World Trade Organization
		In addition, despite claims that the WTO would not infringe on member nations sovereignty, it took over a year for member nations to "bring their laws into compliance with the membership requirements of the WTO"(Woellert, 1), as dictated by Article XVI of the Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization.
		Another weakness of the WTO is that, in an understandable effort to achieve fairness, it does not have a mechanism for weighting the influence of a member proportionally to the size of the member's economy.
		If the WTO can avoid the attempts to polarize it into a "developed nations" versus "developing nations" forum and the perception that it seeks to establish economic hegemony by undermining the sovereignty of its member nations, it has the potential to play a pivotal role in the advancement of the human condition.
	www2.netdoor.com /~aminyard (5697 words)

	Issues No.160
		It is obvious that the role and goal of the WTO is not only an issue of economic decisions and trade but of values and differing points of view.
		The World Trade Organization (WTO) held its Third Ministerial Conference in Seattle in late 1999.
		The US is the world's leading trader in goods and services, accounting for about 14 percent of world exports and about 16 percent of imports.
	www.globaled.org /issues/160 (511 words)

	World Trade Center Environmental Organization
		The World Trade Center Environmental Organization was founded to protest these circumstances, in particular the barge operation.
		In March, 2002 we organized a demonstration which was attended by hundreds of protesters from the Stuyvesant Parents' Association, as well as residential and other organizations.
		The activists of these organizations have also demonstrated and testified at hearings at all levels of government as well as at the many scientific conferences that have been held concerning 9/11 toxic contamination.
	www.wtceo.org (1310 words)

	The World Trade Organization - Social and Economic Policy - Global Policy Forum (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The World Trade Organization was founded in 1995 to replace the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).
		The World Trade Organization (WTO) has ruled that the majority of the subsidies the EU and US pay their sugar and cotton farmers are illegal under WTO rules.
		Trade negotiators deferred the formal relaunch of WTO trade talks for at least two more months, as they could not overcome the persisting deep differences between rich and poor countries.
	www.globalpolicy.org /socecon/bwi-wto/indexwto.htm (9781 words)

	LLRX.com - Update to WTO/GATT Research
		Contains a brief history of the WTO, a description of its structure and operation, an article-by-article description of the agreements, and a discussion of legal and policy issues facing the organization.
		Any WTO member may request and receive a non-confidential summary of the information contained in written submissions that could be disclosed to the public.
		The Trade Policy Review Body (TPRB) (which is actually the General Council, i.e., the full membership, under a different name) conducts each review on the basis of a policy statement submitted by the member state and a report prepared by economists in the Secretariat's Trade Policy Review Division.
	www.llrx.com /features/wto2.htm (6215 words)

	The World Trade Organization and its Dispute Settlement System
		In the context of the future of the WTO, and developing-country policy- and decision-making processes, Third World experts have suggested the need for a new institutional mechanism and approach to trade policy formulation and decision-making in countries.9 This is a much wider issue and is beyond the scope of this paper.
		It is no secret, neither to the trade negotiators of that time nor to those who closely followed the negotiations from outside, that the various WTO agreements were negotiated in separate groups and subgroups and finalized only towards the end, and then put together.
		The WTO Agreement is thus a framework agreement to which have been annexed the various Uruguay Round multilateral agreements, in Annexes 1A, 1B and 1C, and the DSU, in Annex 2, without any particular hierarchy among the agreements being created.
	www.twnside.org.sg /title/tilting.htm (8606 words)

	Public Citizen \| WTO - World Trade Organization - World Trade Organization (WTO)
		Decisions affecting the economy are to be confined to the private sector, while social and environmental costs are borne by the public.
		In November 1999, the World Trade Organization's (WTO) Third Ministerial Meeting in Seattle collapsed in spectacular fashion, in the face of unprecedented protest from people and governments around the world.
		The WTO and GATT Uruguay Round Agreements have functioned principally to pry open markets for the benefit of transnational corporations at the expense of national and local economies; workers, farmers, indigenous peoples, women and other social groups; health and safety; the environment; and animal welfare.
	www.citizen.org /trade/wto (415 words)

	World Trade Organization (WTO) - PC(USA)
		The opposition to the WTO regards it as heavily biased toward the interests of the "global north" (considered mainly the U.S., Europe and Japan) and decidedly antagonistic to the interests of the "global south" (what was called the Third World in recent years).
		WTO rules were primarily designed by and are favorable to multinational corporations, and are unfavorable to economically weaker nations and the poor.
		Trade ministers of the World Trade Organization members concluded a six-day intensive negotiation with little progress on the biggest issues, and minimal work on intellectual property issues.
	www.pcusa.org /trade/wto.htm (2146 words)

	WTO \| Understanding the WTO - what is the world trade organization?
		The WTO was born out of negotiations, and everything the WTO does is the result of negotiations.
		The WTO is currently the host to new negotiations, under the “Doha Development Agenda” launched in 2001.
		But the WTO is not just about liberalizing trade, and in some circumstances its rules support maintaining trade barriers — for example to protect consumers or prevent the spread of disease.
	www.wto.org /english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/fact1_e.htm (752 words)

	World Trade Organization
		The World Trade Organization is the most powerful legislative and judicial body in the world.
		By promoting the "free trade" agenda of multinational corporations above the interests of local communities, working families, and the environment, the WTO has systematically undermined democracy around the world.
		In the ten years of its existence, WTO panels composed of corporate attorneys have ruled that: the US law protecting sea turtles was a barrier to "free trade"; that US clean air standards and laws protecting dolphins are too; that the European Union law banning hormone-treated beef is illegal.
	www.globalexchange.org /campaigns/wto (495 words)

	World Trade Organization - The New York Times
		Global trade talks stumbled again after diplomats in Geneva failed to narrow differences over industrial goods after eight days of negotiations.
		Ahead of an expected W.T.O. ruling on subsides, European officials suggested this week that they would help finance the Airbus A350, the rival to the Boeing 787.
		Ukraine Joins the W.T.O. By ANDREW E. Ukraine joined the World Trade Organization on Tuesday after 14 years of negotiations, a milestone for the former Soviet republic.
	topics.nytimes.com /top/reference/timestopics/organizations/w/world_trade_organization/index.html?inline=nyt-org (700 words)

	World Trade Organizaiton (WTO)
		stopping the WTO is at best, a first step toward creating rules for the gobal economy that tame corporate power and protect popular aims and democratic processes.
		WTO and the Third WorId: On a Catastrophic Course
		Reform of the WTO is the Wrong Agenda
	www.thirdworldtraveler.com /WTO_MAI/WTO.html (161 words)

	Globalization and the World Trade Organization
		The World Trade Organization (WTO) is among the most powerful, and one of the most secretive international bodies on earth.
		The WTO represents the rules-based regime of the policy of economic globalization.
		Analyses of the WTO regime and case studies are included concerning major recent decisions on: environment, agriculture, intellectual property rights, culture and investment.
	www.ifg.org /wto.html (793 words)

	WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
		BLACKHURST, R. : The capacity of the WTO to fulfill its mandate.
		Trade Organization Millennium Round : freer trade in the twenty-first century / ed.
		DUNOFF, J.L. The WTO in transition : of constituents, competence and coherence.
	www.ppl.nl /hugo/WTObibliographywtoa-f.htm (1031 words)

	TIDEPOOL \| World Trade Organization
		In the main, though, the protests against the meeting of the World Trade Organization were peaceful, with 2,000 demonstrators marching through downtown to proclaim their view that the trade group, in the name of lowering trade barriers, actually undermines health, safety and environmental protections.
		WTO Ripe For Protest (11.21.99) From the Oregonian.
		The demonstrators who have turned the summit of the World Trade Organization upside down this week are an unlikely assortment of advocates and anarchists, international in scope, divided in aims.
	www.tidepool.org /id.wto2.html (9563 words)

	International Organizations, International Trade Organization, International Organization Journal, International ...
		The contributions of international organizations in the era of market friendliness are largely marked in the recent years.
		World Economy has gained tremendous success after the integral participations by most of the countries in the world.
		Countries in the world have opened their economic boundaries and have entered in to global competitions with the presence of international organizations.
	www.economywatch.com /international-organizations (104 words)

	Law of the World Trade Organization (WTO): Panel Decisions (Reports of the Appellate Body) by Lyonette Louis-Jacques
		World Trade Online (electronic version of Inside Washington's Inside U.S. Trade newsletter including back issues for the past 5 years; includes some full text documents, but does not systematically reproduce WTO panel reports)
		World Trade and Arbitration Materials (Jacques Werner ed.; The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 1994-).
		Bimonthly journal which seems to be the most up-to-date source for the full text of WTO panel decisions (Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) and Appellate Body (AB)) in paper/print format.
	www.lib.uchicago.edu /~llou/wto.html (526 words)

	World Trade Organization - Trade - Sierra Club
		Established in 1995, the World Trade Organization (WTO) enforces a dozen separate trade agreements and serves as a forum for ongoing talks to develop new trade agreements.
		Currently, the WTO includes 150 member countries ranging from "developed" to "developing" to "least developed countries." The latest round of negotiations, called the Doha round, was launched in November of 2001 and poses serious threats to communities and the environment.
		Margrete Strand, Washington DC Trade Represenative for the Sierra Club, attended the World Trade Organization (WTO) meetings, December 13-18 2005, in Hong Kong.
	www.sierraclub.org /trade/wto (394 words)

	Canada and the World Trade Organization (WTO)
		The WTO administers the rules governing trade between its 148 Members.
		Established in 1995, the WTO provides its Members with a forum for trade negotiations; for the review of Members' trade policies and practices, and other technical assistance activities; and for settling disputes between them.
		Canadians are being consulted on trade in a variety of ways.
	www.dfait-maeci.gc.ca /tna-nac/wto-en.asp (86 words)

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