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Topic: Written Cantonese

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Cantonese (linguistics)

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Standard Cantonese

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	Written Cantonese - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cantonese is usually referred to as a spoken variant, and not as a written variant.
		Written Cantonese remains limited outside of Hong Kong, even in other Cantonese-speaking areas such as Guangdong, where the use of colloquial writing is discouraged.
		Cantonese is famous for the use of particles in speech.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Written_Cantonese (2375 words)

	Cantonese (linguistics) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cantonese is generally considered to have 6 or 7 tones, the choice depending on whether a traditional distinction between a high-level and a high-falling tone is observed; the two tones in question have largely merged into a single, high-level tone, especially in Hong Kong Cantonese.
		Colloquial Cantonese is rarely used in formal forms of writing; formal written communication is almost always in standardized Mandarin or hanyu, albeit still pronounced in Cantonese.
		However, written colloquial Cantonese does exist; it is used mostly for transcription of speech in tabloids, in some broadsheets, for some subtitles, for personal diary, and in other informal forms of communication such as BBS on internet or e-mails.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cantonese_(linguistics) (2514 words)

	When What You Speak Is Not What You Write
		Cantonese preserves many archaic features of spoken Chinese that date back to the Tang Dynasty (around 1000 A.D), such as extensive diphthongs and more numerous tones – which is one reason why Tang and Sung poetry sound better in Cantonese than Mandarin.
		And so the Cantonese speaker has both a vocabulary and phonetic advantage, because the Mandarin speaker is hearing words which don’t exist in his vocabulary and whose sounds don’t exist in his dialect, while the opposite is true for the Cantonese speaker.
		The extensive use of written Cantonese began shortly before the Handover took place, with the creation of several written Cantonese newspapers (notably Apple Daily), and lends support to the idea that written Cantonese was created by a city that wanted to preserve its own identity.
	www.nickyee.com /ponder/cantonese.html (1016 words)

	Wikinfo \| Cantonese language
		Cantonese is one of the major dialects of the Chinese language.
		Cantonese -- which in Cantonese is pronounced gwongdungwah, or more formally, yuet yue (the Yuet language, yuet being a formal word for the region now known as Guangdong and Guangxi) -- is a language of seven tones spoken largely in Guangdong's cities (including Hong Kong and Macau), and in most Chinatowns around the world.
		Despite the popularity of Cantonese, most universities in the US do not and have not historically taught Cantonese, but hanyu, language of the Han ethnic majority, which is shared by both regimes in Beijing and Taipei as the official language of the Chinese people.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Cantonese (1210 words)

	Cantonese (linguistics) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Cantonese is spoken by about 70 million people worldwide, less than for example Mandarin Chinese, but still a major language.
		They are written using very similar characters, but in Mandarin their pronunciation is quite different ("wǒ" vs. "è;"), whereas in Cantonese they are pronounced identically except for the respective tones (ngo5 vs ngo6 respectively).
		The written word for "to be" is 是; in spoken Mandarin (pronounced shì) but is 係 in spoken Cantonese (pronounced hai6).
	usapedia.com /c/cantonese-linguistics-.html (716 words)

	Cantonese language, pronunciation and special characters
		Cantonese is spoken by about 66 million people mainly in the south east of China, particularly in Hong Kong, Macau, Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan.
		Cantonese is also the main language of business, the media and government in both Hong Kong and Macau.
		Cantonese, Dungan, Gan, Hakka, Mandarin, Shanghainese, Taiwanese, Teochew, Xiang
	www.omniglot.com /writing/cantonese.htm (517 words)

	Language Difficulty Essay (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Cantonese does have a dominant romanization system, Yale Cantonese romanization, but there are other methods being used and others under development, and there is no system that has official support in the same way that Mandarin pinyin does.
		However, Cantonese does have five symbols in its most commonly used romanization (Yale) that have multiple sound correspondences and an unrecognizable symbol (the symbol "h" would not be intuitively recognized as marking the low tone).
		Because Cantonese is more difficult than Mandarin for English speakers in every relevant category given in the Language Difficulty Index, it is unnecessary to count the number of points in order to determine that Cantonese is more difficult for native English speakers according to the criteria provided.
	www.chinawestexchange.com /Cantonese/difficulty.htm (4025 words)

	Written Chinese - Wikibooks, collection of open-content textbooks
		Therefore, this course aims at the written form of Chinese, which is universal in most parts of China.
		The written language can, of course, be spoken as usual as you do when reading aloud an English passage; however the language used in everyday lives are different from the written forms.
		Although the spoken language can be written down, it is clearly regarded as informal (save for those books that are especially targetted for spoken-language readers).
	en.wikibooks.org /wiki/Written_Chinese (542 words)

	Written Cantonese: The Growth of a Written Chinese Vernacular (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Written Cantonese: The Growth of a Written Chinese Vernacular
		Written Cantonese is a history of how the written form of Cantonese has developed over the last several centuries, with particular focus on its development in
		Written Cantonese examines this development in the broader context of the phenomenon of diglossia, and also of the patterns by which spoken vernaculars have developed written forms in other societies.
	www.eccentrix.com /members/keping/P_Abs-Model-DonSnow.htm (309 words)

	Rick Ha - Other Interests - Languages
		Cantonese is my mother tongue, and it is truly the language that can best express my inner feelings verbally.
		Written Cantonese has become quite popular in Hong Kong recently as the media of choice for daily correspondence and even publishing, especially among young people.
		I think this phenomenon is fine as long as people do make the effort to distinguish the purposes of written Cantonese, which is for use in informal communication only, and standard written Chinese, which is dedicated for a larger audience across the pan-Chinese cultural sphere.
	bbcr.uwaterloo.ca /~rwkha/interests_languages.html (746 words)

	ipedia.com: Chinese language Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Chinese written language employs the Han characterss (漢字/汉字 pinyin hànzì), which are named after the Han culture to which they are largely attributed.
		Cantonese is unique among non-Mandarin regional languages in having a widely used written standard.
		Cantonese is unique in that it has a commonly used written character system that is different from "baihua" or "wenyan".
	www.ipedia.com /chinese_language.html (3591 words)

	UCLA Language Materials Project Language Profiles Page
		Thus, written standard Chinese is the same as written Cantonese for the literate native speaker.
		Certain publications in Hong Kong are known as "Cantonese newspapers" (for instance, those that focus on cartoons) because of their relatively large proportion of "Cantonese characters," that is, standard Chinese characters used to represent sounds of the spoken language.
		Cantonese is a tonal language where the meaning of words and sentences is affected by the pitch with which they are spoken.
	www.lmp.ucla.edu /Profile.aspx?LangID=73 (1475 words)

	Study Cantonese Abroad with StudyAbroad.com - The Study Abroad Information Source
		Cantonese is either one of the major dialects of the Chinese language or one of the major languages of the Chinese language family depending on whether you are talking to Chinese or non-Chinese scholars.
		Written Cantonese appeared around the 19th century, but it is primarily an oral language.
		Cantonese is a particularly useful language as it is the lingua franca of many of the overseas Chinese people, who largely originated from Hong Kong.
	www.studyabroad.com /lom/cantonese.html (367 words)

	Talk:Proposal for Sinitic linguistic policy - Meta
		Provide two separate sections for voting on Cantonese and Wu, since you say, "If you wish to choose on a case-by-case basis, please vote in both sections..." and there are not two sections.
		Yes there are probably more than 50 books written in Cantonese, but they are not all kept in one library.
		In the meantime an alternative would be to propose to reside it at cantonese.wikipedia.org, to avoid the point of view that it is a dialect.
	meta.wikimedia.org /wiki/Talk:Proposal_for_Sinitic_linguistic_policy (771 words)

	Proposal for Sinitic linguistic policy - Meta
		It is one thing to have specific cantonese entries (for), it is another thing to reproduce a whole wiki into written cantonese (totally against), considering the work that needs to be done yet.
		I use written Cantonese all the time, in MSN and icq and e-mails, but certainly not in a somehow formal or serious writing.
		That disencouraging using Cantonese in its written form in Hong Kong education does not mean written Cantonese is wrong and should be eliminated.
	meta.wikimedia.org /wiki/Proposal_for_Sinitic_linguistic_policy (8510 words)

	Jordan's China Handbook: The Chinese Language(s)
		These related to written style, to attempts to standardize pronunciation of a standard national speech, and changes and standardization in the written characters.
		Traditionally, most written Chinese tended to be adialectical, a phenomenon made possible by the hieroglyphic nature of the writing system, as we noted, But literary tastes varied, and some writers more closely followed dialectical usages of one area or another, while others remained closer to a strictly written standard.
		(Cantonese, in contrast, developed a modest colloquial literature of its own based especially on the spoken standards of Hong Kong and Canton.) In Táiwān today it is normal to write in colloquial, public-school Mandarin, which is either pronounced in Mandarin or translated on the spot if Hokkien output is necessary.
	weber.ucsd.edu /~dkjordan/chin/hbchilang-u.html (6779 words)

	Taiwanese, Mandarin, and Taiwan's language situation
		The main reason why written Cantonese could thrive in Hongkong to the extent that it has is due to the unique colonial experience under the British.
		The irrational fury and uncomprehending linguistic fallacies that pervade this indignant denunciation of the mere suggestion of written Taiwanese are clear proof of the kinds of intimidation and pressures that have been brought to bear against writing in the regional vernaculars in China.
		"Written Cantonese and the Culture of Hong Kong: The Growth of a Dialect Literature." Indiana University Ph.D. dissertation.
	pinyin.info /readings/mair/taiwanese.html (11512 words)

	Chinese language
		The term "Chinese" is employed for the classical written language known as "wen2 yan2 (文言 "literary language")" which was used by Confucius, as well as the modern standard known as "bai2 hua4 (白話 [白话] "vernacular")".
		Chinese is written using a logographic script in which one character represents one word element, or morpheme.
		However, that written formal Cantonese, while similar to written formal Mandarin, would be very different from a word-for-word transcription of what the Cantonese speaker would speak and would also be different from written colloquial Cantonese.
	usapedia.com /c/chinese-language.html (1289 words)

	CD-ROM Courseware (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In the case of Cantonese, the spoken and written aspects of the language are markedly different.
		In contrast, written Cantonese uses standard Chinese characters, and does not reflect the patterns of spoken Cantonese.
		However, each lesson in Beginning Cantonese is given in character format (reached through a link at the end of each lesson) for those who wish to become familiar with written Cantonese.
	www.coh.arizona.edu /newandnotable/critlang/cdf.htm (690 words)

	Chiff and Fipple Forums :: View topic - Wow..I think I'm speaking japanese
		Written Japanese has a lot of elements that are written phonetically, and a lot which are written with Kanji (Chinese Characters).
		First, written "Mandarin" is seldom precisely the same as the the spoken language (and very few Chinese actually speak the idealized Beijing language that is taught in foreign schools--not even natives of Beijing).
		Cantonese speakers have been very active in coming up with a written language that closely reflects spoken Cantonese--even going so far as to invent new characters where necessary.
	chiffboard.mati.ca /viewtopic.php?t=22456 (2042 words)

	Chinese sensibilities
		Whereas Cantonese continues to be widely used as the spoken language in Hong Kong and Guangdong, in Taiwan in recent years the spoken tongue in business circles is the Taiwanese (derived from one of the Fukien dialects) rather than Mandarin, which holds sway only in official circles and in parts of northern China.
		And those who know the written Chinese --still the majority--tend to hold on tenaciously to the underlying cultural significance of the script, often making a great distinction betwen a mere passive ability in reading Chinese (foreigners and foreignized Chinese) and the active ability to write.
		Though the ad is written predominantly in English, I could not resist recaling in my own mind a whole genre of popular Chinese fiction called "Mandarin Ducks and Butterfly" which typically depict a romantic couple or triangle.
	www.owlnet.rice.edu /~swlewis/syllabi/llee/trans.htm (2573 words)

	Language Difficulty Essay (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In order to answer the first question, a little background on Chinese language is needed.
		A learner of Cantonese will have language learning texts which employ romanization, but finding outside text sources, and particularly ones that use the same romanization standard, is difficult.
		The same is also true of non-Chinese who speak Cantonese as a second language learning Mandarin as opposed to non-Chinese who have learned Mandarin going on to learn Cantonese.
	www.chinawestexchange.com /mandarin/difficulty.htm (4011 words)

	CLS - Beginning Cantonese (2 CD's), كانتونيز ...
		In addition, you can access an audio English translation of words and sentences at any time, although the written lesson texts are only available in Yale Romanization (Cantonese written in the same letters that are used to write English).
		If you are interested in learning the Chinese writing system, each lesson includes a link to a version of the lesson text in which spoken Cantonese is written in standard Chinese characters, which many Cantonese use (see section on the writing system in the introductory lesson).
		BEGINNING CANTONESE is designed to be flexible and to be used in a variety of settings, so the sequence that is best for you depends on your learning goals.
	www.worldlanguage.com /Arabic/Products/42729.htm (1131 words)

	Learn Cantonese (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Finding good material for learning Cantonese is difficult, and often done by trial and error.
		No Sweat Cantonese distils her approach, fulfilling the demand for an up-to-date textbook focusing on the practical needs of expatriates in Hong Kong and elsewhere in the Cantonese speaking world.
		A Cantonese Book is the most comprehensive, self-paced study material in Cantonese learning available today.
	www.learncantonese.net (273 words)

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