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Topic: Written Chinese

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	Chinese written language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Chinese characters that are closer to the spoken language were used to write informal works such as colloquial novels.
		Nevertheless, the orthographies of Chinese dialects are not identical.
		Written colloquial Cantonese does exist however, and Cantonese is unique among non-Mandarin regional languages in having a widely used written colloquial standard.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chinese_written_language (1970 words)

	Chinese character - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		And the character 雲 yún (cloud) was written with the structure 云 in the oracle bone script of the Shāng dynasty, and had remained in use later as a phonetic loan in the meaning of to say.
		The large number of Chinese characters is due to their logographic nature — for every morpheme a glyph is required, and variant characters have at times developed for the same morpheme.
		One such variety is Written Cantonese, in widespread use in Hong Kong even for certain formal documents, due to the former British colonial administration's recognition of Cantonese for use for official purposes.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chinese_character (4610 words)

	Chinese written language
		Chinese written language employs the Han characters, or Hanzi (漢字 pinyin Hànzì, Han4 zi4, which are named after the Han culture to whom it is largely attributed.) In Japan and Korea, Han characters were adopted and integrated into their languages and became Kanji and Hanja, respectively.
		Until the 20th century, most formal written Chinese was done in classical Chinese, which was very different from the any of the spoken varieties of Chinese in much the same way that Classical Latin was different from modern Romance languages.
		Chinese characters have also been adapted to write Japanese and Korean neither of which are linguistically related to Chinese.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ha/Hanzi.html (781 words)

	Chinese language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		The Chinese language, spoken in the form of Standard Mandarin, is the official language of the People's Republic of China in mainland China and the Republic of China on Taiwan, as well as one of four official languages of Singapore, and one of six official languages of the United Nations.
		The terms and concepts used by Chinese to think about language are different from those used in the West, partly because of the unifying effects of the Chinese characters used in writing, and partly because of differences in the political and social development of China in comparison with Europe.
		Old Chinese (上古漢語), sometimes known as Archaic Chinese, was the language common during the early and middle Zhou Dynasty (11th to 7th centuries B.C.), texts of which include inscriptions on bronze artifacts, the poetry of the Shijing, the history of the Shujing, and portions of the Yijing (''I Ching'').
	chinese-language.kiwiki.homeip.net (3587 words)

	Chinese script and language
		The earliest recognisable examples of written Chinese date from 1500-950 BC (Shang dynasty) and were inscribed on ox scapulae and turtle shells - "oracle bones".
		Chinese is written with characters known as 漢字 [汉字] (hànzi).
		Chinese characters, with some modifications, are also used in written Japanese and Korean, and were once used to write Vietnamese.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/chinese.htm (960 words)

	Chinese language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Chinese language (spoken in its standard Mandarin form) is the official language of People's Republic of China and the Republic of China one of four official languages of Singapore and one of six official languages the United Nations.
		The terms and concepts used by Chinese think about language are different from those in the West partly because of the effects of the Chinese characters used in writing and partly because differences in the political and social development China in comparison with Europe.
		Old Chinese sometimes known as 'Archaic Chinese' was language common during the early and middle Zhou Dynasty (11th to 7th centuries B.C.) texts which include inscriptions on bronze artifacts the of the Shijing the history of the Shujing and portions of the Yijing (I Ching).
	www.freeglossary.com /Chinese_language (3493 words)

	Chinese language
		The term "Chinese" is employed for the classical written language known as "wen2 yan2 (文言 "literary language")" which was used by Confucius, as well as the modern standard[?] known as "bai2 hua4 (白話 [白话] "vernacular")".
		Chinese is written using a logographic script in which one character represents one word element, or morpheme.
		Old Chinese, sometimes known as 'Archaic Chinese', is the language of the early and mid BC - 256 BC)">Zhou Dynasty (11th to 7th centuries B.C.), whose texts include inscriptions on bronze artifacts, the poetry of the 詩經 Shijing, the history of the 書經 Shujing, and portions of the 易經 Yijing (I Ching).
	www.factspider.com /ch/chinese-language.html (1898 words)

	Law of the People's Republic of China on the Standard Spoken and Written Chinese Language (Order of the President No.37) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Article 5 The standard spoken and written Chinese language shall be used in such a way as to be conducive to the upholding of state sovereignty and national dignity, to unification of the country and unity of the nationalities, and to socialist material progress and ethical progress.
		The Chinese textbooks used shall be in conformity with the norms of the standard spoken and written Chinese language.
		Where both a foreign language and the Chinese language are used in signboards, advertisements, bulletins, signs, etc., as is needed by the trade, the standardized Chinese characters shall be used as far as the Chinese Language is concerned.
	english.gov.cn /laws/2005-09/19/content_64906.htm (1435 words)

	Written Chinese - Wikibooks, collection of open-content textbooks
		The written language can, of course, be spoken as usual as you do when reading aloud an English passage; however the language used in everyday lives are different from the written forms.
		For beginners and those who wish to use Chinese as a mean of communication throughout China, Mandarin is surely your choice (the only exceptions are some of the Southern provinces, most notably the city Hong Kong, Macau and Guangzhou, where the people uses Cantonese for everyday communications).
		However, for those who wish to study the Chinese culture or the language in depth, it is recommended that you learn Cantonese.
	en.wikibooks.org /wiki/Written_Chinese (552 words)

	The Chinese Written Character (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		The Chinese have been idealists, and experimenters in the making of great principles; their history opens a world of lofty aim and achievement, parallel to that of the ancient Mediterranean peoples.
		In Chinese the chief verb for "is" not only means actively "to have," but shows by its derivation that it expresses something even more concrete, namely, "to snatch from the moon with the hand." Here the baldest symbol of prosaic analysis is transformed by magic into a splendid flash of concrete poetry.
		In the derivation of nouns from verbs, the Chinese language is forestalled by the Aryan.
	www.hyattcarter.com /the_chinese_written_character.htm (8489 words)

	Chinese Text Sampler: Readings in Chinese Literature, History, and Popular Culture
		The sampler of Chinese texts collected here is intended as a resource for students of written Chinese from the advanced beginner level onward.
		Written in the Ming dynasty by Wu Cheng'en, this supernatural novel recounts the pilgrimage of a Chinese monk and his animal companions to India in the 7th century.
		Poetry of Du Fu - The Tang Dynasty was the Golden Age of Chinese literature, and Du Fu was one of the greatest poets of the period.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~dporter/sampler/sampler.html (5199 words)

	Written chinese - Missing characters - China History Forum, chinese history forum
		Chinese characters in Chinese are mostly phonetic based (unlike in Japanese), when the pronunciation becomes significantly different, a different character will be used.
		Exactly what percentage of written Chinese may be described as phonetic depends on your exact definition of "phonetic" and the method of analysis used.
		True, there is a conservative element to Chinese characters, because the phonetic elements often "evolve" ALONG with the language phonology, thereby not needing you to completely develop a new set of characters for new phonologies.
	www.chinahistoryforum.com /index.php?showtopic=4690 (2779 words)

	Chinese Cultural Studies: Chinese Literature: Brief Guide
		Thus Chinese could be read by people in all parts of the country in spite of gradual changes in pronunciation, the emergence of regional and local dialects, and modification of the characters.
		Early Chinese novels often stressed character development and usually centered on an adventure or supernatural happening; an example is the classic Ming version of `Shui-hu chuan' (The Water Margin).
		Often these works were written in the vernacular, and many authors felt it was beneath their station to be associated with this type of writing.
	acc6.its.brooklyn.cuny.edu /~phalsall/texts/chinlit.html (3520 words)

	Chinese Script
		Another type of early Chinese script in its long history of development is represented by the inscriptions cast or carved on ancient bronze objects of the Shang and Zhou dynasties.
		The characters are written in a style called dazhuan (big seal character) and have been taken as the "earliest model of zhuan-style writing", important to the development and studies of Chinese calligraphy.
		The Forest of Stelae at Xi'an is not only a treasure house of Chinese literature and history but represents, a galaxy of the best calligraphers of different ages and schools, including all the different scripts-zhuan seal character, li (official script), coo (cursive) and kai (regular) -each with its representative works.
	www.crystalinks.com /chinascript.html (3095 words)

	Chinese Cultural Studies: The Chinese Language and Alphabet
		The 'Sinitic' part of the name refers to the various Chinese languages (often referred to as 'dialects'); the 'Tibetan' part refers to several languages found mainly in Tibet, Burma, and nearby territories.
		Han Chinese is thus to be distinguished from the non-Han minority languages used in China.
		After several previous attempts to write Chinese using the letters of the roman alphabet, this 58-symbol writing system was finally adopted in 1958.
	acc6.its.brooklyn.cuny.edu /~phalsall/texts/chinlng2.html (1520 words)

	Simplified chinese Translation Service - English to Simplified chinese Translation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Written Chinese is based on the Beijing dialect, but has been heavily influenced by other varieties of Northern Mandarin.
		Chinese translation is not a simple as it may seem.
		But, in Chinese communities in North America, it is often translated as a character which resembles its English pronunciation.
	www.appliedlanguage.com /languages/simplified_chinese_translation.shtml (890 words)

	Yingzi
		Chinese and Japanese borrowings could be written using the original hanzi, e.g.
		Worse yet, the -cuit of biscuit and circuit might be written with the same character (a derivative of kit), and a meaning sought for it-- perhaps 'round', since biscuits are round and circuits involve going round.
		Or it might be identified with a yingzi (a written character); or be abstracted into a more vaguely defined linguistic element, applicable to anything from a character to a compound to a whole phrase.
	www.zompist.com /yingzi/yingzi.htm (2916 words)

	chinese language written and traditional chinese dance \|\| Best China Shop \|\| (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		A fantastic journey into the delightful world of Chinese culture, this video is a colorful introduction to the Art of Chinese Dance by one of the most renowned.
		Based on some of the most vibrant dances seen in Chinese celebration and festivals, The Art of Chinese Dance includes the powerful lion dance with percussion music, the vivacious ribbon dance with long silk ribbons making calligraphic patterns in the air; as well as the beautiful fan dance beguiled by audience all over the world.
		The Art of Chinese Dance brings the color, pageantry and grandeur of the Chinese culture to your home.
	www.bestchinashop.com /Chinese-language-written.html (267 words)

	History of Mathematics: China (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Primary sources are Mikami's The Development of Mathematics in China and Japan and Li Yan and Du Shiran's Chinese Mathematics, a Concise History.
		Includes "Chinese remainder problem" or "problem of the Master Sun": find n so that upon division by 3 you get a remainder of 2, upon division by 5 you get a remainder of 3, and upon division by 7 you get a remainder of 2.
		Chinese Mathematics, a Concise History, Translated from the Chinese by John N. Crossley and Anthony W.-C. Lun.
	aleph0.clarku.edu /~djoyce/mathhist/china.html (1907 words)

	Chinese Characters (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Chinese characters can be traced to a time when people making records in their daily life by tying knots in ropes or strings.
		The most acceptable legend of the inventor of Chinese writing was a minister named Ts'ang Chieh, who records the history in the court of Emperor Huang Ti, the first king of China.
		Hence, to have a better understanding about Chinese people is to understand the written Chinese.
	logos.uoregon.edu /explore/orthography/chinese.html (307 words)

	Chinese Medicine Information
		Traditional Chinese Medicine acts as the supplementary or even the main medicine based on Chinese medicine theories and clinical cases to provide the most suitable body environment for patients to receive some advanced therapies based on science and technology.
		Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture Association of Canada (CMAAC) - - seeks to unite practitioners, lobby the government for regulation, exchange scientific research and educate the public.
		The primary objectives of this event are to foster the modernization and commercialization of Chinese medicine and to promote business opportunities among Hong Kong, China and other countries in the areas of Chinese medicine and nutraceuticals.
	www.naturalhealthweb.com /topics/subtopics/chinese_medicine.html (3176 words)

	Get a Chinese Name
		How to Pronounce Chinese Names: Covers the fine points of pronouncing the pinyin romanization system used to represent Chinese names.
		Name Coolligraphy: English names written in a Chinese style.
		Chinese Surname and Geneaology Discussion Board: Great place to go if you are a foreign born Chinese with questions about your name.
	www.mandarintools.com /chinesename.html (335 words)

	►►learn written chinese (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Starware search is an excellent resource for quality sites on learn written chinese and much more!
		Jin Au-Yeung, also known as Jin tha MC or simply Jin, is a Chinese American rap artist who speaks Cantonese.
		Jin was born on June 4, 1982 in Miami, Florida.
	www.brainstalk.com /learn_written_chinese.htm (126 words)

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