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Topic: Xia (philosophy)

	What is Wuxia? / The Wuxia genre / About / Wuxiapedia - The comprehensive wuxia knowledge base
		The codes of xia was often synonymous with Tao or Daoyi, belonging to the teachings of another Chinese philosopher Lao Tzu, although the paths or ways prescribed in the 5000 odd words in the Tao Te Ching never advocated the use of force.
		Foremost in the xia's code of conduct are yi and xin, righteousness and honour, which emphasize the importance of gracious deed received or favours (恩 ēn) and revenge (仇 chóu) over all other ethos of life.
		Nevertheless, this code of the xia is simple and grave enough for its adherents to kill and die for, and their vendetta can pass from one generation to the next until resolved by retribution, or, in some cases, atonement.
	wuxiapedia.com /about/the_wuxia_genre/what_is_wuxia (3039 words)

	Chinese History -Western Xia Dynasty (Xixia) è¥¿å¤ literature, thought, philosophy, and Tangut script ...
		Instead of simply using the Chinese script (and therewith the Chinese language), the first rulers of the Western Xia, Li Deming æå¾·æ and his son Li Yuanhao æåæ are said to have invented or developed a special script for the Tangut language, the script was later perfected by Yeli Renrong éå©ä»æ¦® "Teacher Iri".
		It is partially modeled after the Chinese characters with diagonal brush strokes prevailing, but the value of the 6600 Tangut characters is rather phonetical than ideographical, that means, that the Tangut script mainly consists of a few hundred syllables, and "pictures" only serve as a complement for understanding.
		The sources for the Western Xia language and script are mainly inscriptions of multi-language stelae (steles) of Jiuyongguan, of Liangzhou, of the Mogao Grottoes and some more.
	www.chinaknowledge.org /History/Song/xixia-literature.html (443 words)

	Chinese History -Western Xia Dynasty (Xixia) è¥¿å¤ (www.chinaknowledge.de)
		This people was controlling the routes to Inner Asia and demanding high tributes from the Song å® emperors, after the Song had to sign a peacy treaty with them in 1044.
		The Tangut people of the Western Xia kingdom did not adopt Chinese customs and habits as quick as the Liao-Khitan é¼ ruling class had done; the main part of their ruling class remained to be nomads.
		The name of the Xia Empire still lives in the modern self-governing Muslim region of Ningxia å¯§å¤åæ—èªæ²»å).
	www.chinaknowledge.de /History/Song/xixia.html (193 words)

	China: Chinese History
		The Xia dynasty has never been definitively proven historically, although excavations have revealed signs of a ruling dynasty dating back to the 21st century B.C.E. For example, bronze vessels were found in Erlitou (northern China) in 1975.
		In contrast to the Xia dynasty, it is well investigated.
		For students of Chinese philosophy, the Zhou dynasty is one of the most exciting one, since the most famous Chinese philosophers lived during this dynasty - if mostly during the era when the Zhou reign was well along its descent and many small states were fighting for power.
	www.chinaorbit.com /china-culture/chinese-history.html (1054 words)

	Chinese History, Regent Tour China (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Legend holds that the Xia was preceded by a succession of three sovereigns and five emperors.
		At minimum, the Xia period marked an evolutionary stage between the late neolithic cultures and the typical Chinese urban civilization of the Shang dynasty.
		Xia was conquered by Tang, and a new era had begun, the Shang-dynasty was founded.
	www.regenttour.com /china/history/xia.htm (854 words)

	Xi Xia - China History Forum, chinese history forum
		Xia is the founding dynasty of the Chinese, and the Tibetans still call the Chinese by the cognate name 'rgya'.
		The Xiongnu Helian Bobo had named his state Xia in the Age of Fragmentation, because of the legend that the Xiongnu were descended from the first ruler of the Xia dynasty.
		The Tangut state was called Great Xia by its own people, but Western Xia by historians to distinguish it from the first Chinese dynasty, as well as Helian Bobo's kingdom.
	www.chinahistoryforum.com /index.php?showtopic=7515 (712 words)

	A Basic Introduction to China: Chinese History (Dynasties)
		What little is known indicates that the Xia had descended from a wide-spread Yellow River valley Neolithic culture known as the Longshan culture, famous for their fl-lacquered pottery mastered over the centuries.
		Some, though not all, scholars theorize that the Xia, the Shang, and the Zhou actually were three different cultures that emerged more or less at the same time in different areas of the Yellow River valley.
		Conservative scholars of the court failed to recognize the importance of their efforts which meant that for the first time in history, China was turning inwards, clinging to an erroneous interpretation of an outmoded philosophy.
	www.chinaonline.cn.com /2006/articles/CHINA/?a=2491&z=12 (4230 words)

	The Origins of Chinese Civilization
		What little is known indicates that the Xia had descended from a wide-spread Yellow River valley Neolithic culture known as the Longshan culture, famous for their fl-lacquered pottery.
		Some, though not all, scholars believe that the Xia, the Shang, and the Zhou actually were three different cultures that emerged more or less at the same time in different areas of the Yellow River valley.
		And the historical record supports this view -- the Shang were conquered from outside by the Zhou, as the Xia had been conquered from the outside by the Shang.
	condensedchina.com /china1.html#Xia (867 words)

	Quality Chinese Herbs - Over 120 Herbs Available Online!
		Ning Xia Lycium is further graded according to size, larger ones selling for considerably more than smaller ones.
		The larger ones tend to be sweeter, and have a juicier texture.
		Shandong Lycium is similar to Ning Xia, but is not as sweet and are not usually as plump.
	www.qualitychineseherbs.com /herbal_ingredients/lycium_fruit.htm (2678 words)

	GenerAsian at NYU
		Zen philosophy, in its emphasis on achieving enlightenment, a state of transcendence, through meditation complemented the discipline required in martial arts training and was adopted by many warriors of the past.
		A category of literature called wuxia-wu accounting for the martial arts part and xia referring to knight-errant heroes who were usually rebellious in nature-is probably the most influential factor in the development of martial arts films.
		The qualities of righteousness and honor were later depicted in the xia as a means of glorifying the central characters.
	www.nyu.edu /clubs/generasian/spring01/Reviews/Movie/wuxia_behind_the_scenes1.htm (755 words)

	Xi'an and the Silk Road
		The first dynasty or unified government is called the Xia and lasted from 2200 to 1700 B.C. give or take a few years.
		Confucianism also stresses the responsibility of the father (emperor) to the son (the people) and teaches that if you tax people too heavily and do not administer by the principle of propriety, your reign will not last and there will be rebellion.
		Politics, family relationships, philosophy, and religion would all be influenced by exposure to new concepts.
	hua.umf.maine.edu /China/xian.html (2862 words)

	Fantasy Genre
		The wuxia genre is confined and peculiar to Chinese culture, because it is a unique blend of the martial arts philosophy of xia (俠, "chivalry", "a chivalrous man or woman") developed down the centuries, as well as the country's long history in wushu.
		Samurai bushido traditions share some aspects with Chinese martial xia philosophy, but there is nothing exactly equivalent to the Chinese concept of xia within even East Asian cultures like Japan and Korea.
		Although the xia or "chivalry" concept is often translated as "knights", "chivalrous warriors" or "knight-errants", most xia aspects are so rooted in socio- and cultural milieu of ancient China that it is impossible to find an exact translation in the Western world.
	www.projectshadow.com /resources/genre/f (3121 words)

	Neo-Confucian Philosophy [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		"Neo-Confucianism" is the name commonly applied to the revival of the various strands of Confucian philosophy and political culture that began in the middle of the 9th Century and reached new levels of intellectual and social creativity in the 11th Century in the Northern Song Dynasty.
		In the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) there was a further reaction against the speculative philosophy of both Zhu and Wang and the movement known as hanxue of the learning of Han [Dynasty] arose to combat what were taken to be the grave mistakes of both Zhu and Wang.
		The simplest version is that there was a great classical tradition that arose in the Xia, Shang and Zhou kingdoms that was perfected in the works and records of the legendary sage kings and ministers and was then continued and refined by their later followers such as Kongzi, Mengzi (Mencius) and Xunzi.
	www.iep.utm.edu /n/neo-conf.htm (9956 words)

	Chinese history timeline
		Some, though not all, scholars believe that the Xia, the Shang, and the Zhou actually were three different cultures that emerged more or less at the same time in different areas of the Yellow River valley.
		And the historical record supports this view -- the Shang were conquered from outside by the Zhou, as the Xia had been conquered from the outside by the Shang.
		Moreover, they attempted to copy Chinese institutions and philosophy to a much greater extent than then the Mongols of the Yuan..
	www.chinavoc.com /history (774 words)

	Astro-FengShui.com - Yi Jing Correspondence Course
		Confucius was of the opinion that Zi Xia would be his successor who could glorify his teaching.
		The philosophy embedded in this diagram is deep and profound.
		We have no problem to understand how the twelve months of a year can be assigned hexagrams matching the waxing and waning of yang and yin qi.
	www.astro-fengshui.com /iching/sample_lesson.html (765 words)

	Ethics of China 7 BC To 1279 by Sanderson Beck
		In 1042 the Liao joined with the Xia and threatened to invade China, resulting in a new treaty that increased the Song tribute to the Khitans to 300,000 bolts of silk and 200,000 ounces of silver.
		The Xia demanded tribute also, and in 1044 the Song agreed to give them 130,000 bolts of silk, 50,000 ounces of silver, and 20,000 catties of tea annually, plus lavish gifts on three annual festivals and Yuanhao's birthday.
		The next year the Xi Xia agreed to be the vassal of the Jin, who also captured the last Liao emperor Tianzo in 1125, reducing him to a prince.
	www.san.beck.org /AB3-China.html (20851 words)

	Week XI: Part 2 TRADITIONAL CHINA: CHINSE LANDSCAPE PAINTING
		The Dynasty was an age of many-sided intellectual activity: poetry, history and especially philosophy.
		Characteristic of Song thought was the return to older Chinese sources, a conscious archaism and cultural introspection.
		The renaissance of classical literature branched off into the formation of a new system of philosophy called neo-Confucianism, enveloping traditional moral and ethical teachings with Daoist thinking about nature and the cosmos, especially as presented in the Yi jing (Book of Changes).
	www.pitt.edu /~asian/week-10/week-10.2.html (1695 words)

	Meet Our Doctors
		Joyce Xia, D.D.S. Having studied overseas in China, Dr. Joyce Xia has had international experince in providing the very best dental care.
		She was continuously listed on the Dean’s List and finished Number one in her graduating class.
		Xia’s treatment philosophy is comprehensive diagnosis to treat her patients in all aspects of dentistry.
	www.jamesasnyderdds.com /doctors.html (467 words)

	XIA Company Philosophy
		At XIA, we believe that innovative solutions are provided by customer-centered teams of inter-disciplinary experts.
		We deliver solutions using the appropriate technologies using tools supported by Agile processes driven by customer-defined business values.
		We take great pride in rapid, on-time delivery of solutions.
	www.xiasystems.com /cCompany/philosophy.htm (64 words)

	Wuxia - Chinese Movie - Chinese Art
		Samurai bushido traditions share some aspects of with Chinese martial xia philosophy, but most attributes of xia are specific to Chinese society alone.
		The xia or "chivalry" concept can also been seen in the Western world, of knights and warriors, for example, as depicts in Lord of the Rings, Troy, etc movies.
		Although the fighting style and language and clothing and culture differs, but the elements or persuits of masculineness, leanings, skills, loyalty, truth, bravery, and frolicking with women, are similar in nature.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Wuxia (1502 words)

	Ancient Chinese Proverbs and Philosophy Calligraphy Wall Scrolls
		He was a consort to Emperors, and after his death, the impact of his philosophies still served to advise emperors, officials, and common people for generations.
		This Chinese philosophy tells of how we continue to learn throughout our lives.
		This famous Chinese philosophy suggests that when people come together, they can always learn from each other.
	www.orientaloutpost.com /ancient_chinese_proverbs_and_philosophy_phrases.php (7932 words)

	wuxia
		In Japan, samurai bushido traditions share some aspects with Chinese martial xia philosophy.
		In another section "Roaming Xia" (ÊæÂàóº) he detailed many embryonic features of the xia culture of his day.
		Other novels, especially those by Gu Long, create detective-type and romance stories in the setting of ancient China.
	www.sfcrowsnest.com /scifinder/a/Wuxia.php (3154 words)

	Causal Determinism > Notes (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
		Some philosophers are misled on this point by the fact that some now-defunct presentations of Special Relativity theory seem to be grounded on an ontology of events.
		In this space-time setting, to power the space invader we can't use the non-collision mechanism of Gerver and Xia; see Earman (1986), p.
		Tachyons are hypothesized faster-than-light particles; there is no experimental basis for them, so ruling them out is no sin.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/determinism-causal/notes.html (660 words)

	Brotherhood of HuaXia
		Among the biggest damage “Qin Shi Huang” has inflicted on China was to put to death thousands and thousands of scholars all over the nation and also to destroy ALL the literatures he could lay his hand on.
		Many precious records of researches carried out the previous 2000 years and all sorts of writings related (but not limited to) medicine, astrology, philosophies, war strategies, etc. were destroyed.
		I have discovered my mission in life and knew exactly what needs to be done to ensure that I do not fail myself and those who have entrusted me with the heavy responsibility of carrying a life work that will benefit thousands of people all over the world.
	www.justnice.org /huaxiazidi (5915 words)

	Zhang Ziyi CSC: Wuxia Fiction: The Wuxia According To Ang Lee
		Wu means martial, and a rough equivalent for xia in Western culture would be knight-errant.
		The disciplines of Wudang and Shaolin are not separate or opposite.
		In Chinese philosophy as a whole - and not just martial arts - inner and outer strength are both integral parts of every living being.
	csc.ziyi.org /filmography/cthd/wuxiafiction/angleewuxia.html (627 words)

	[No title]
		"Philosophy and life" by Kayll Harrington (kayll@hotmail.com) Look past the pages, through the images, under the void, across the spirit, behind the voices, and live the philosophy: BE THE LIFE.
		The Xia were not a paricularly literate people if they existed, for they have left no written records and did not substantially change the earlier Chinese characters of the Long Shan.
		The myth of Chieh, the Xia general who fell to the Shang as one of the two suns in the sky.
	members.aol.com /ccdrogan/download/update_65 (2618 words)

	College of Staten Island - Department, Political Science Economics and Philosophy
		Minors are offered in Economics, Philosophy, Political Science, and Public Administration; and geography and legal studies courses are offered by this department.
		Courses meet the needs of students in a variety of programs in the liberal arts and sciences, and the department’s programs provide a solid background for a number of careers as well as for graduate or professional school.
		Lecturer Jonathan McFall serves as the adviser to students planning to apply to law school.
	www.csi.cuny.edu /catalog/undergraduate/departments/politicalscienceeconomicsphilosophy.html (165 words)

	MISRC \| Biographies
		Weidong Xia is currently an Assistant Professor in the Information and Decision Sciences Department at the Carlson School of Management at the University of Minnesota.
		As a result, I chose to study IS and Strategic Management in my doctoral program, where I was mentored by world-class faculty in both disciplines.
		Research Interests: âMy overall research interest is to understand how organizations can effectively manage their IS activities to derive business value from their IS investments at the enterprise, project and user levels.
	misrc.umn.edu /biographies/WeidongXia (840 words)

	Jou Tou World Fusion Music
		In French, “Joue-tout” means “play everything”, which is the philosophy of this new group.
		Qiu Xia He: born in Shaanxi,China, virtuoso on the pipa (Chinese lute) and innovative musical collaborator.
		She is also a composer with several film credits to her name.
	www.silkroadmusic.ca /sitefiles/joutou.htm (194 words)

	Concert programs of Silk Road Music & Jou Tou
		Discoveries and travels of Qiu Xia He with her pipa, accompanied by multi-instrumentalist Andre Thibault.
		In French, “Joue-tout” means “play everything”, which is the philosophy of this new group, a dramatic fusion of contemporary global music with a unique French sound.
		Qiu Xia offers solo performances from school classroom to concert stage.
	www.silkroadmusic.ca /sitefiles/concerts.htm (147 words)

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