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Topic: Xia class submarine

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	Submarine Info - Bored Net - Boredom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Submarines are also used for marine and freshwater science and for work at depths too great for human divers.
		Submarines are useful to a military because they can approach their attack victim without necessarily being detected, then strike at close range.
		The first military submarine was the Turtle, a hand-powered spherical contraption designed by American David Bushnell that accommodated a single man. During the American Revolutionary War, the Turtle attempted and failed to sink a British warship, the HMS Eagle in New York harbor on September 7, 1776.
	www.borednet.com /e/n/encyclopedia/s/su/submarine.html (2050 words)

	Chinese submarine page
		China has 1-2 Xia class(nuclear ballistic missile submarine), 4-5 Han class(nuclear attack submarines), 2 Song class(2,3 more are being built, cruise submarines), and has 2 kilos(12 more being built,the quietest submarine on the planet).
		The picture at the left is a Xia class submarine.
		The submarine at the left is in the nuclear attack submarines Han class.
	members.tripod.com /apkeang/pages/submarinepage.html (115 words)

	Equipment Matchups: Submarine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Submarines have historically been the most secretive and controversial of weapon systems, and the most protected when it comes to exports.
		The Chien Lung class was acquired from the Netherlands to augment, and eventually replace, the aging Guppy class submarines.
		It is based on the Romeo class submarine and has been improved over the years with variants capable of launching anti-ship missiles utilizing different release methods.
	www.emeraldesigns.com /matchup/sub.htm (737 words)

	Type 092 (Xia Class) Nuclear-Powered Ballistic Missile Submarine \| Navy \| SinoDefence.com
		The submarine received a major modernisation refit between 1995 and 2001 to be fitted with the new improved JL-1A SLBM.
		With only a single Type 092 missile submarine, it is not possible for the PLA to establish an effective underwater nuclear strike capability, which requires no less than three submarines to guarantee that at least one of them is ready to launch at any time.
		The submarine may be fitted with a multi-purpose combat data and command system which provides information for submarine control and torpedo firing.
	www.sinodefence.com /navy/sub/type092xia.asp (776 words)

	[No title]
		The diesel-powered craft, Navy Submarine No. 361, was involved in an exercise when the accident occurred, and "because of a mechanical malfunction, the 70 crew members on board died," the news report said.
		The accident is the worst reported submarine accident since the August 2000 sinking of the Russian nuclear submarine Kursk that killed all 118 men aboard.
		Now submarines have begun to conduct joint exercises with air power and surface ships, although the military is in the early stages of experimentation with joint operations.
	taiwansecurity.org /WP/2003/WP-050303.htm (1022 words)

	Submarine - Questionz.net , answers to all your questions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Military submarines There are probably more military submarines in operation that any other type of submarine, though it is difficult to obtain exact figures because navies are secretive about their submarine fleets.
		History of military submarines Though the first submersible vehicles were tools for exploring under water, it did not take long for inventors to recognize their military potential.
		The first military submarines to see effective use were the U-boats of Germany, first introduced in World War I. The innovation that made the U-boats practical war machines was the their use of diesel.
	www.questionz.net /War/World_War_I/Submarine.html (2144 words)

	Xia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Xia (philosophy) is a Chinese philosophy similar (but not identical) to the chivalrous code of European knights.
		The "Empire" of Xia of the Hunnic Tiefu during the era of Sixteen Kingdoms in China.
		The Xia regime by Dou Jiande during the turbulent transition from the Sui Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Xia (170 words)

	Appendix - The Russian Northern Fleet
		The pressurised hull was made of HY80 steel, and the submarine had a maximum diving depth of 400 meters.[621] The submarine sank during a diving test on April 10, 1963, and all the crew were lost.
		The Permit class of attack submarines was followed by the Sturgeon class, which also used the S5W reactor.[623] The noise from these submarines was reduced in comparison to the Permit-submarines, but its top speed was only about 25 knots.
		The submarine was torn into two pieces, and there are speculations that the accident may have been caused by the explosion on board of one of the torpedoes.
	spb.org.ru /bellona/ehome/russia/nfl/nfla.htm (1889 words)

	Sea-Launched Missile Facilities - China Nuclear Forces
		The submarine entrance is approximately 43 feet (13 meters) wide and appears to be arched by a large concrete structure.
		The Xia submarine is equipped with 12 vertical launch tubes for the Julang-1 medium-range ballistic missile.
		The Xia submarine was launched in April 1981 and first test fired a Julang-1 in October 1985.
	www.fas.org /nuke/guide/china/facility/slbm.htm (1108 words)

	Type 92 Xia - China Nuclear Forces
		While this class boat greatly improved the Chinese Navy's distant defense capabilities against enemy nuclear equipped surface forces, one of its most significant features was that it served as a stepping stone in the development of a Chinese nuclear powered, submarine launched ballistic missile (SSBN) force.
		The Xia class SSBN was initially armed with 12 JL-1 (CSS-N-3) SLBMs.
		It is generally agreed that the single unit of this class entered the shipyard in 1995.
	www.globalsecurity.org /wmd/world/china/type_92.htm (471 words)

	Chinese Navy
		Recently the remaining boats of Han class were given a new fl paint which is more popular among navies of other countries than the original green-blue color.
		The follow-on of Han class called Type 093/09 III (8,000t dived, comparable to Russian Victor III class in the late 70s) is now believed to be under construction and could haven been launched by the end of 2000.
		The submarine can carry up to 18 TEST-71, TEST-96 or 53-65KE wire-guided torpedoes to be fired by 6 torpedo tubes, it may also be fitted with SA-N-8 SAM system as well.
	www.stormpages.com /jetfight/han_xia_kilo_song.htm (1013 words)

	China tests ballistic missile submarine - The Washington Times: Nation/Politics - December 03, 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		The new 094-class submarine was launched in late July and when fully operational in the next year or two will be the first submarine to carry the underwater-launched version of China's new DF-31 missile, according to defense officials.
		The submarine is in the early stages of being outfitted and is not yet equipped with new JL-2 submarine-launched nuclear missiles.
		The current Xia submarine is considered so noisy to underwater detection gear that its chances of surviving attack submarine strikes in ocean waters are limited.
	www.washtimes.com /national/20041202-115302-2338r.htm (851 words)

	Active Duty Military Army Navy Air Force Marines Coast Guard Reserves Veterans
		The submarine was spotted several weeks ago for the first time and has been designated by the Pentagon as the first Yuan-class of submarine.
		One official said the new submarine was a "technical surprise" to U.S. intelligence, which was unaware that Beijing was building a new non-nuclear powered attack submarine.
		Fisher said the Chinese submarine buildup should prompt the Pentagon to step up U.S. anti-submarine warfare capabilities, which he said are "at an historic low" because of cutbacks in specialized ships and aircraft.
	www.active-duty.com /MI_China.htm (6026 words)

	China's Submarine Forces
		The Xia is assumed to be patrolling only in its own regional waters, though theoretically, it would be capable of coming to the U.S. coast to launch its missiles, which could then reach into the western United States.
		The Song-class submarine is expected to be the first Chinese submarine capable of firing a submerged-launch anti-ship cruise missile.
		The importance of these submarine developments lies in the prospect of China projecting its naval force regionally and deploying nuclear missiles.
	www.wisconsinproject.org /countries/china/subs.html (999 words)

	NRDC: Nuclear Data - Table of Chinese Nuclear Forces, 2002
		The one Xia Class (Project 092) SSBN, was built at Huludao Naval Base and Shipyard in the northern Bohai Gulf and was launched in April 1981.
		The Julang I SLBM aboard the Xia was initially test-launched from a Golf Class diesel submarine in late 1982, and a full-scale submerged launch from the Xia took place in 1988.
		The Xia, which is currently in refit, is not thought to have ever sailed beyond China's regional waters.
	www.nrdc.org /nuclear/nudb/datab17.asp (1927 words)

	Russian
		Photograph 45 is the Sjohasten, a Swedish Sjoormen Class submarine.
		Photographs 46 and 47 are of the Chinese Xia Class.
		Photographs 49, 50 and 51 are of the Sjohasten, a Swedish Sjoormen Class submarine.
	graysubs.tripod.com /david_hughes/russian.htm (134 words)

	China
		The Xia-class SSBN is a modification of the Han-class SSN, lengthened to house 12 missile tubes.
		It is still unknown if the submarines are deployed armed with nuclear missiles, as China has been secretive about nuclear deployment details in order to enhance the survivability of the launch platforms.
		Russia may be helping China to improve the noise insulation of the submarine's hull for quieter movement and decreased vulnerability to anti-submarine warfare (ASW) capabilities.
	www.nti.org /db/china/wsubdat.htm (1446 words)

	Submarine-launched ballistic missile information - Search.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		In September of 1955, the Soviet Union was the first country in the world to launch a ballistic missile from a submarine.
		Ballistic missile submarines have been of great strategic importance for the USA and Russia since the Cold War, as they can hide from reconnaissance satellites and fire their nuclear weapons without much warning, even close to the opponent's coast.
		Numerous international press reports since the middle 1990s attibute to Israel a policy of mounting missiles with nuclear warheads on the submarines it obtained from Germany, for use especially in the event of Iran developing nuclear arms of its own.
	c10-ss-1-lb.cnet.com /reference/Submarine-launched_ballistic_missile (298 words)

	Intelligence
		Speculation about the sea-worthiness of China's only nuclear ballistic missile submarine the Xia has been partially stilled since it was sighted during the PLAN's exercises in December 2000.
		This is the first time the Xia has been sighted at sea since it was upgraded in 1995.
		The main purpose of the game is to promote the realization that in a crisis situation in a computer-networked world, industry and the state are dependent upon one another and must therefore work together closely.
	www.stratmag.com /issueMar-15/page01.htm (380 words)

	Go buy some more cheap chinese imports! - Jeepz.com
		The submarine encounter with the USS Kitty Hawk and its accompanying warships also is an embarrassment to the commander of U.S. forces in the Pacific, Adm. William J. Fallon, who is engaged in an ambitious military exchange program with China aimed at improving relations between the two nations' militaries.
		The surfaced submarine was spotted by a routine surveillance flight by one of the carrier group's planes.
		According to the officials, the submarine is equipped with Russian-made wake-homing torpedoes and anti-ship cruise missiles.
	www.jeepz.com /forum/showthread.php?t=19517 (1854 words)

	Russia Submarine Sale to China -- Chinese Report [Free Republic]
		The submarine has a displacement of 6,500 tonnes and is equipped with 20 vertical launchers capable of launching cruise missiles and strategic missiles.
		All of the Typhoon class submarines belong to the Northern Fleet.
		The Typhoon class submarines were built in Severodvinsk in the period from March 1977 until September 1989.
	www.freerepublic.com /forum/a37cd8cee648d.htm (5789 words)

	China's Nuclear Weapons
		It was deployed to the Jianggezhuang Submarine Base, where the nuclear warheads for the missiles are believed to be stored, in January 1989.
		The submarine is armed with the Julang-1 (Giant Wave, or Tsunami) two-stage solid fuel missile, which was first test fired 30 April 1982.
		A new design (Type 094) submarine, to be equipped with the longer range three stage Julang-2, a variant of the DF-31, is been under development for several years but probably won't see deployment for several more.
	nuclearweaponarchive.org /China/ChinaArsenal.html (2394 words)

	Chinese Nuclear Forces, 2003
		The Xia is not fully operational, even after a recent four-year overhaul, and it has never sailed beyond China’s regional waters.
		The Xia’s missile system is not fully operational; the CIA and the Pentagon characterize Julang I missiles as experimental.
		Given the significant problems China has had with the Xia, deployment of a Project 094 submarine and its new missile is many years away.
	skeptically.org /onwars/id4.html (2345 words)

	[No title]
		Cosco plans to operate modern "Tusunami Class" submarines, which can enter L.A. Harbor at Pier J and threaten the National Security of the U.S. The Petition demands that the 109th Congress pass Legislation to restore Pier J to U.S. control at once.
		I believe the submarine they are talking about is the XIA, which is a chinese submarine which is armed with the Julang-1, also known as Giant WAve or Tsunami.
		They also have 1 Xia class SSBN which is armed with the JL-2 9notationa range of about 4000 nm.
	www.atsnn.com /article/199923 (4858 words)

	Intercontinental ballistic missile - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		The Missile Badge is presented to commissioned officers while the Space and Missile Pin is awarded to silo ground and support personnel.
		Each submarine is equipped with a complement of 24 Trident missiles, eight with Trident I missiles, and ten with Trident II missiles (336 missiles total).
		The Russian Navy currently has 12 SSBNs deployed, including 6 Delta III class submarines, 6 Delta IV class submarines and 1 Typhoon class submarine, for a total of 181 missiles equipped with 639 nuclear warheads.
	www.knowledgehunter.info /wiki/ICBM (2150 words)

	Washington Times: U.S. secrets aboard latest Chinese sub
		The submarine will carry a smaller underwater variant of China's new DF-31 -- Continued from Front Page -- intercontinental ballistic missile, which was flight-tested in August.
		The trade publication Jane's Defense Weekly reported in August that China had begun construction of a new nuclear-powered submarine at the Huludao shipyard on the Bohai Gulf northeast of Beijing.
		The retired general was formerly the U.S. Strategic Command leader and has disagreed in the past with CIA estimates.
	www.taiwandc.org /washt9908.htm (995 words)

	China's Submarine Challenge
		The September 2004 promotion of Admiral Zhang Dingfa, a career submariner, to Chief of Staff of the People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) and a full seat on the Central Military Commission was a clear signal of the primacy of submarine warfare in China’s strategy for the Asia-Pacific region.
		EB laid off nearly 200 submarine engineers and machinists in early February—and EB is the only shipbuilder in the nation that maintains submarine designers.
		Meanwhile, China’s fleet of modern attack submarines is growing: China already has ten Song/Yuan/Kilo submarines in the Pacific today, over 50 older Ming-class and Romeo boats, five Han class nuclear attack submarines, and one Xia-class ballistic missile submarine.
	www.heritage.org /Research/AsiaandthePacific/wm1001.cfm (1460 words)

	7.2 Declared States
		All the Delta IV submarines serve in the 3rd flotilla of strategic submarines of the Northern fleet based at Yagelnaya, which is part of the Gadzhiyevo [Gadzhievo] Naval Base.
		The Delta III submarines are all based at Rybachi located on the southern side of Avacha Bay 15 km from, and opposite, the city of Petropavlovsk.
		The number of submarines on patrol at any given time was reduced to one, and the number of warheads deployed on a submarine was reduced to 48 (half of what had been planned, and identical to the force loading on its previous Polaris fleet).
	nuclearweaponarchive.org /Nwfaq/Nfaq7-2.html (19298 words)

	Asia Finest Discussion Forum > China Deploys Nuclear Submarines Capable of Nuclear Counterstrike
		Hong Kong's Xin-bao reported on July 7th that China has deployed next-generation nuclear submarines and is capable of second nuclear counterstrike.
		It said that Type 094, Tang-class, is the improved version of Xia-class nuclear submarine, with 10,000-ton displacement, and can carry 16 Julang-2 SLBM's which have the range of 10,000 km.
		It has superior stealth, mobility, and survivability, which is rated as comparable to Ohio-class submarine of U.S. Type 093 is an attack submarine with 7,150 ton displacement, whose design is based on Han-class submarine.
	www.asiafinest.com /forum/lofiversion/index.php/t80917.html (4279 words)

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