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Topic: Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps

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	Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		As such, the XPCC is lauded in China as a cornerstone of stability and prosperity in an otherwise troubled region, and characterized as a vehicle of colonization and sinicization among supporters of East Turkistan independence.
		The XPCC was initially focused on settling, cultivating, and developing sparsely-populated areas, such as the fringes of the Taklimakan Desert and Gurbantunggut Desert.
		In 1981 the XPCC was restored, with explicit objectives of countering Soviet encirclement, the East Turkistan independence movement, Islamic fundamentalism, as well as the cultivation of frontier lands and economic development.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Xinjiang_Production_and_Construction_Corps (1412 words)

	Xinjiang
		The third stage was from 1962 to 1978 with an annual increase of 3.61% and the fourth stage was from 1978 to the present, a period with a slow population increase.
		In 1949, the sex ratio was 107.49, in 1953 it increased to 110.21 and increased to a peak of 123.23 in 1960.
		Xinjiang was one of the provinces and autonomous regions with the highest proportion of people divorced in China.
	www.unescap.org /esid/psis/population/database/chinadata/xinjiang.htm (4054 words)

	Bingtuan Changes \| Chinalyst (beta) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Xinjiang, unlike other provinces in China, is effectively under the control of two governments: a normal provincial government like those found elsewhere, and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps...
		The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC), established in 1954, assumes the duties of cultivating and guarding the frontier areas entrusted to it by the state.
		The Production and Construction Corps' administrative area for carrying on its duties of cultivating and guarding the frontier land borders on that of the local government.
	www.chinalyst.net /node/2312 (1189 words)

	<MUTTI-L> White paper for Xinjiang--Part 4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Establishment, Development and Role of the Xinjiang Production and Construction CorpsThe Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC), established in 1954, assumes the duties of cultivating and guarding the frontier areas entrusted to it by the state.
		To consolidate border defense, accelerate Xinjiang’s development, and reduce the economic burden on local governments and the local people of all ethnic groups, the People’s Liberation Army units stationed in Xinjiang focused their efforts on production and construction, starting large-scale production and construction projects.
		Starting from May 1956, the XPCC was subordinated to the dual leadership of the Ministry of State Farms and Land Reclamation and the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.China has a centuries-old tradition of developing and protecting its border areas by stationing troops to cultivate and guard the frontier areas.
	www.mail-archive.com /uighur-l@taklamakan.org/msg03748.html (2143 words)

	Asia Times Online - News from greater China; Hong Kong and Taiwan
		Xinjiang has many social and political problems of the kind that could easily erupt into further terrorist actions (some have taken place in the past, but not on a large scale).
		Cotton is one of the Uighurs' traditional products, and late last year I interviewed at random Uighur cotton farmers who were prepared to say they were making a lot of money and were expecting their income to go up even more before the end of 2003.
		Xinjiang is called an autonomous region, which means that the people who head the government must belong to the ethnic group exercising autonomy, in this case the Uighurs.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/China/FD23Ad03.html (4258 words)

	Chinese Communist Party secret document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Strengthen the construction of border region schools and cultural facilities, speed up the television and radio network construction in Xinjiang, increase the coverage of television and radio, strengthen the work of printing and distributing materials in ethnic languages and firmly occupy the ideological and cultural stronghold.
		Strengthen the construction of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC).
		Focus on economic construction, deepen the reform, broaden the scope of open-door policy and the continued strengthening of economic construction are the important bases for maintaining the stability of Xinjiang.
	www.ibiblio.org /mongol-tibet/archive/topsecret.html (3370 words)

	Laogai Research Foundation (laogai.org)
		The role of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps troops in controlling the minority people's in the province is not a quaint historical throwback.
		His visit to Xinjiang from September 8-13, 1995 was chronicled by Xinhua, the official Chinese news agency on September 14th and republished in translation by the BBC on September 25, 1995.
		And, the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps was the organization chosen to implement the scheme.
	www.laogai.org /news/newsdetail.php?id=1940 (7232 words)

	Xinjiang information - Search.com
		The Kara-Khanid Khanate was in control of western Xinjiang in the 10th century and the 11th century, while branches of the Uyghurs established themselves in central Xinjiang in the same time period.
		Xinjiang was eventually brought under the control of Han Chinese warlord Sheng Shicai, who ruled Xinjiang for the next decade.
		According to the PRC interpretation, the 2nd ETA was Xinjiang's revolution, a positive part of the communist revolution in China; the 2nd ETA acceded to and welcomed the PLA when they entered Xinjiang, a process known as the Peaceful Liberation of Xinjiang.
	domainhelp.search.com /reference/Xinjiang (2581 words)

	Security Research Review: A Study of Infrastructure in Xinjiang - Sohum Desai
		In 1877, the Qing troops loyal to Emperor Guangxu overthrew Yakub Beg and established the province of “Xinjiang” (the New Frontier)[vii].
		This downward trend is however more than balanced by the fact that Xinjiang is slated to become China’s largest producer of natural gas with the opening of the Kela No.2 gas field in December 2004 and, furthermore, it is now believed that the Tarim Basin may contain over 20 billion tons of oil resources [xii].
		In addition, labor force for highway construction is not regarded as well trained as labor available in the interior region or on the eastern seaboard[xxi].
	www.bharat-rakshak.com /SRR/Volume12/desai.html (2552 words)

	History and Development of Xinjiang (Part 9)
		The farming and stockbreeding products gathered not only provided for the logistic needs of the troops stationed in Xinjiang, but the PLA units had also set up a number of modern industrial, mining and commercial enterprises, as well as schools, hospitals and other institutions.
		Starting from May 1956, the XPCC was subordinated to the dual leadership of the Ministry of State Farms and Land Reclamation and the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
		In the past several decades, while paying taxes to local governments as required by the law, the XPCC’s regimental agricultural and stockbreeding farms and industrial, transportation, construction and commercial enterprises have adhered to their aim of serving the people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang, and actively aided the construction of local areas.
	www.china-embassy.org /eng/zt/zfbps/t36553.htm (1825 words)

	The Epoch Times \| Former Military Officer Reveals Situation in Xinjiang
		This year, several large-scale appeals were made by retired servicemen in the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps to the Chinese Communist Party, requesting better working conditions and the protection of their rights.
		The members of the corps who have endured many hardships and suffered from unreasonable treatment are still facing unbearable suffering and continue to search on their own for solutions to all of their difficulties.
		Qike said that most units of the corps are settled along the rare water resources, and many members of the army corps still live in houses made of soil.
	www.theepochtimes.com /news/5-8-27/31660.html (822 words)

	Xinjiang's production, construction corps to take to information highway
		China Telecom Group is helping the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps of the country's westernmost Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, to access the information highway over the next few years.
		Under a framework agreement on all-round cooperation signed on September 21, the national telecommunications giant is expected to build a special high-speed broadband information network for the corps.
		The production and construction corps, which was founded in 1954, comprises 14 divisions (also known as "reclamation zones"), 174 regiments (also called "agriculture and livestock farms"), and more than 4,390 large and small enterprises.
	www.chinadaily.com.cn /chinagate/doc/2003-09/22/content_267664.htm (191 words)

	Xinjiang - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Xinjiang's lowest point is the Turfan Depression, 155 metres below sea level (lowest point in the PRC as well).
		Xinjiang is known for its fruits and produce, including grapes, melons, pears, cotton, wheat, silk, walnuts and sheep.
		Xinjiang's nominal GDP was approximately 187 billion RMB (about 23 billion USD) in 2003, and increased to 220 billion RMB (about 28 billion USD) in 2004, due to the China Western Development policy introduced by the State Council to boost economic development in Western China.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Xinjiang_Uyghur_Autonomous_Region (1478 words)

	Laogai Research Foundation
		Buczacki is a former member of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.
		The Laogai Research Foundation has discovered that the XPCC was instrumental in squelching a Uygur "rebellion" in April 1990 and in participating in regional crackdowns in the Spring of 1989.
		This project involved the construction of a seed-producing plant that later distributed the seeds to Laogai camps in the region.
	www.christusrex.org /www1/sdc/Sep96c.htm (679 words)

	Laogai Research Foundation
		Reclaiming the edges of the Taklimakan Desert in Xinjiang for cotton and grain production is one of the objectives of the $90 million World Bank project.
		Among the differences is the existence of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.
		Those forced to join the Corps are rarely allowed to return to their original homes and workplaces, even after having been officially "rehabilitated." Belonging to the Corps is the equivalent of internal exile.
	www.christusrex.org /www1/sdc/Dec95a.htm (568 words)

	Geography of Xinjiang
		Xinjiang itself is divided into two basins by Mount Tianshan.
		Xinjiang's lowest point is 155 meters below sea level; its highest peak is 8611 meters above sea level on the border with Kashmir.
		Xinjiang itself is divided into 2 prefecture-level cities, 7 prefectures, and 5 autonomous prefectures.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /~aycui/geography.htm (166 words)

	Hu concludes inspection to Xinjiang(09/12/06)
		He visited enterprises, villages, schools, urban communities, armed force units and the Xinjiang production and construction corps of the army in a number of cities including Karamay, Hotian, IIi and Urumqi.
		Xinjiang, rich in farming resources, has great potential to further develop its agriculture and rural areas, he said, adding that how to improve incomes for farmers should always be treated as the central task in the local rural work.
		He hoped that Xinjiang would grasp the opportunities brought about by the country's strategy of developing the western areas to achieve new progress in regional stability, unity and development.
	www.china-embassy.org /eng/xw/t271540.htm (349 words)

	The Opposite End of China \|\| Xinjiang & Northwest China Blog (中国的另一端 \|\| 新疆 & ...
		In Xinjiang in September, the crispy autumn breeze is blowing and the air is heavy with the aroma of gourds and fruits.
		They went deep down to enterprises, rural areas, schools, communities, military units and the reclamation areas of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps to conduct investigation and study on the implementation of the scientific development concept, the promotion of economic and social development, and other issues.
		He endured the hardships of a long journey and went to Jiayiairike Village and Kuohake Village of Lop County, and Kumuaireke Village and the Pimo Reclamation Area of the 14th Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, in Hotan County, Hotan Prefecture.
	china.notspecial.org /archives/2006/09/hus_inspection.html (1658 words)

	Laogai Research Foundation (SPECIAL REPORT)
		Caption: The Corps' Militia Spirit and Military Purpose.
		Xinjiang is an area of great strategic sensitivity.
		Assurances of this were provided by central authorities as well as officials of Xinjiang State Farms.
	www.laogai.org /reports/worldbnk.htm (7112 words)

	CHINA: Unsalable quantity of cotton focus point at present - Textile - Cotton News - Textile News
		The unsalable quantity of Xinjiang cotton has become the focus point at present; Mr.
		Zhang Yanlin — the vice director of the supply and marketing cooperative of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, and the board Chairman of Xinjiang Cotton Group Co. said...
		Learn which countries, suppliers, product lines, and services have the greatest potential for you.
	www.bharattextile.com /newsitems/2000981 (606 words)

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