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Topic: Xiong Nu

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	Huns - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Their Xiong (匈) rulers, first mentioned as a family in 1766 BC in the story of Chunwei and the fall of the Xia dynasty, may be the ancestors of the later, better-known (to western scholars) Huns, though not all scholars agree.
		Many scholars identify the Xiong Nu Xiong with the Huns because of similar descriptions of their appearance and living habits.
		With the exception of the 43-118 AD "North-South" feud, the Hun dynasty survived as a fairly tightly-knit political power until the 4th C. when the Nu (奴) tribes decisively threw off the yoke of the Xiong dynasty.
	www.encyclopedia-online.info /Hun (1094 words)

	Read about Huns at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Huns and learn about Huns here! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Xiong Nu Xiong with the Huns because of similar descriptions of their appearance and living habits.
		Nu (奴) tribes decisively threw off the yoke of the Xiong dynasty.
		Whether increasing squabbling amongst the Xiong dynasty caused their subjects to lose faith in them, or some other cause occurred, Hun unity came to an end.
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Hun (1407 words)

	Huns - the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Attila the Hun, and is considered, with little certainty, to be the western extension of the royal Xiong family centered around Karaganda.
		Whether increased squabbling within the Xiong dynasty caused their subjects to lose faith in them, or some other cause occurred, Hun unity came to an end.
		Uzbekistan in the late 4th century; meanwhile the easternmost branch somewhat later founded the Xiong's last eastern dynasty, Xia (407-431).
	www.world-knowledge-encyclopedia.com /?t=Hun (1507 words)

	Liu Zhe (Wudi) - Western Han Ruler and Emperor Biographies - English
		Wu-di believed he was strong enough to oppose the Xiong Nu, and wanted to end the payments to the tribes that were started by Liu Bang.
		However, Wu-di was concerned that the Xiong Nu might send an army into Northern China’s sparsely populated steppe lands, or that they would ally themselves with the Tibetans.
		The Xiong Nu who stayed behind became farmers, were drafted for construction labour, or employed as farm labourers.
	www.kongming.net /novel/han/liuzhe.php (1358 words)

	Huns (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		375, led by Attila the Hun, and is considered, with little certainty, to be the western extension of the royal Xiong family centered around Karaganda.
		Other scholars, confusing the Xiong with their Nu serf and vassal tribes, find differences.
		With the exception of the 43-118 AD "North-South" feud, the Hun dynasty survived as a fairly tight-knit political power until the 4th C., when the Nu (奴) tribes decisively threw off the yoke of the Xiong dynasty.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/H/Huns.htm (1579 words)

	Han Wudi
		However, he was captured by the Xiong Nu on the way and imprisoned for 10 years before being able to continue his mission.
		He also aided the general Wei Qing in one of his expeditions to defeat the Xiong Nu, resulting in Wudi promoting him as a senior official.
		Besides attacking the Xiong Nu, Wudi also attacked present - day Vietnam, which had a significant effect of the culture of Vietnam.
	www.geocities.com /chs458/hanwudi.html (405 words)

	Xiongnu - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		DNA testing of Hun remains has not proven conclusive in determining the origin of the Huns.
		It is interesting to note that a different reading of the word 匈 (Xiong) can be found in those Chinese dialects that preserve ancient pronunciations, such as Cantonese, i.e., /hʊŋ/.
		It could lend credence to the theory that the Huns were in fact descendants of the Western Xiongnu who migrated westward, or that the Huns were using a name borrowed from the Western Xiongnu, or that these Xiongnu made up part of the Hun confederation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Xiong-Nu (3136 words)

	Huns
		\nA group called the European Huns and led by Attila the Hun is considered, with little certainty, to be the western extension of the royal Xiong family centered around Karaganda.
		Bronze incriptions and oracle turtle-back bones from polytheistic worship prove the historical existence of the campaign but the Gui Fang did not necessarily equate to the core Hun clan per se.
		The Hua & Xiong divided the Huns and drove most of the remaining Huns westwards out of China during their expansion.
	encyclopedia.codeboy.net /wikipedia/h/hu/huns.html (1130 words)

	Hunza & Huns - History Forum
		The link between Xiong Nu and White Huns or "Black Huns" (in Europe) and White Huns is still not confirmed.
		It was just that the Chinese sometimes refered to any body north and west of their borders as Xiong Nu and many times these peoples formed alliances and tribal confederations with each other and sometimes dominated one another back and forth.
		The name "Xiong Nu" is eventually the Chinese spelling of "Huns", with some Chinese modification, having a different meaning.
	www.simaqianstudio.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=1147 (807 words)

	Cai Yan (Wenji) - Comprehensive Romance of the Three Kingdoms Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		However, when the Xiong Nu tribe attacked Chang An, Cai Yan was taken away by the Left Crown Prince (左贤王) Ce Xian.
		He sent a thousand pieces of gold and jade to the Xiong Nu to bargain for Cai Yan’s return (2).
		During her stay in the Xiong Nu camps, she composed her famous work, “the Eighteen Lamentation”.
	www.kongming.net /novel/kma/caiyan.php (545 words)

	Brown Announces 2004 Congressional Arts Contest Winners (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		This year’s first and third place winners, Cheng Xiong and Kandis Proctor, respectively, both represent Garfield High School in Akron under the tutelage of art teacher Cheryl Phillips.
		Xiong, a senior at Garfield, took the grand prize with his entry, “Untitled,” a work with nu pastels.
		Xiong will have the winning entry displayed in the U.S. Capitol Building, in Washington D.C., for one year.
	www.house.gov /sherrodbrown/releases/archives/2004/artcomp51004.html (211 words)

	Xiongnu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		It is interesting to note that a slightly different pronunciation of the word 匈 (Xiong) is preserved in older languages such as Cantonese, i.e., /hUN/.
		It could lend credence to the theory that the Xiong were in fact the Huns, or that the Chinese refered the tribes generically as such.
		In the film Mulan the original title song by Jackie Chan referred to defeating the Xiongnu, and the English version refers to defeating the Huns.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/X/Xiongnu.htm (2732 words)

	Printable version
		Mongolian steppes, rather than identifying characteristics specific to the Xiong and the Huns.
		NU(奴) tribes decisively threw off the yoke of the Xiong dynasty.
		The colors of the European Persian, Bactrian and Chinese Hun tribes may have something to do with their flank designations.
	wanclik.free.fr /leshuns.htm (1091 words)

	Huns - Definition up Erdmond.Com
		A group called the European Huns and led by s, Magyars, and Avars were all part of the same people.
		Many scholars identify the Xiong_Nu Xiong with the Huns because of similar descriptions of their appearance and living habits.
		With the exception of the 43-118 AD "North-South" feud, the Hun dynasty survived as a fairly tightly-knit political power until the 4th C. when the NU(奴) tribes decisively threw off the yoke of the Xiong dynasty.
	www.erdmond.com /Huns.html (1308 words)

	phorum - Hakka Chinese Forum at Asiawind - The First Migration of the Hakka People (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		of the Turkic Xiong Nu (¦I¥£), the Jie (½~), the Xian Bei (ÂA¨õ), the Di (¥Â) and
		of the country, and the Xiong Nu proclaimed the formation of a kingdom in south Shaaxi.
		In 316AD another leader of the Xiong Nu tribe overran Chang An and captured Emperor Min, who was later killed by the conquerors.
	www.asiawind.com /forums/read.php?f=1&i=5170&t=5170 (1271 words)

	Millennial Fair – Liu Bang (256 - 195 BC) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Xiong Nu people were nomadic herders with supplementary agriculture and slaves.
		The Xiong Nu warriors had been making raids into China for a few years.
		Liu Bang knew that his military was not strong enough to defeat the northern tribes, so he bribed the Xiong Nu with food and clothing in exchanged for a peace treaty.
	www.millennial-fair.com /literature/liubang.html (1715 words)

	Huns - Ancient China - China (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		With the exception of the 43-118118 AD "North-South" feud, the Hun dynasty survived as a fairly tightly-knit political power (sociology)power until the 4th century4th C. when the XiongnuNu (奴) tribes decisively threw off the yoke of the Xiong dynasty.
		They appear south in Persia (the Xiyon camel tribes andndash; Chionites andndash; in AD 320, also known as Red Huns), while a portion remained east in China (the Xiong deer people), and finally in one last brilliant flare west in Russia (the Hun horse tribes in AD 360).
		The HephthalitesHua and Xiong divided the Huns and drove most of the remaining Huns westwards out of China during their expansion.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Huns (1449 words)

	Han Dynasty Economy - China History Forum, online chinese history forum
		Liu Che had many problems he was having to deal with internal problems and was being threathened by outside forces (Xiong Nu).
		Minster counters this saying Xiong Nu attack the borders, and the people there live in fear of being attack by the Xiong Nu.
		They created the Salt Iron monopolies, the Liquor excise tax, and equable marketing system to finance the repeling of the Xiong Nu (Wudi was known for hanlding the Xiong Nu quite well).
	www.chinahistoryforum.com /index.php?showtopic=591 (2257 words)

	Eyes of Ajjanti- Refference - www.ezboard.com
		The Bakala and the Xiong Nu are akin to one another, but differed in their ancient combat styles (the Bakala primarily relied on horse archers called “Mangudai” and the Xiong Nu relied on heavy frontal assaults with raiding cavalry called “Tarkans”) and architectural styles.
		The Bakala eventually adopted Glacian architecture, while the Xiong Nu, though their ceremonial structures are similar to Bakala structures, built round-shaped yurts for housing.
		They are the Archon, the Bakala, the Tigran, the Xiong Nu, the Korgon, the Atmosian, the Izumo, the Viantha, the Tikis, the Efritistani, the Ahvai, and the Kurgizs.
	p098.ezboard.com /furakforumsfrm4.showMessage?topicID=41.topic (17534 words)

	The Xiongnu - China History Forum, online chinese history forum
		Regarding the Xiong Nu I have read that they were what were known as the Huns in Europe.
		If this is the case, what similarities (and differences) were there between the Xiong Nu in their wars against the Han, and the Huns who poured into eastern Europe during the so-called Dark Ages?
		I think the Hu and Xiong Nu belonged to different groups.
	www.chinahistoryforum.com /index.php?showtopic=1605 (1475 words)

	China RE:I do believe Hans were the ancient invader of China StrategyPage.com
		Han is boong and Xiong nu(Hun) is invader.Han is resident culture.
		Xiong nu(Hun) and Turki are nomad,they are savage invader.
		This is Han's troop which defeat Xiong nu(Hun)
	www.strategypage.com /messageboards/messages/557-9.asp (353 words)

	Origin of XiongNu - History Forum
		The myth about Xiong Nu being descendants of Xia is just a myth.
		The Xiong Nu were the descendants of Xien-yi who were the descendants of Xün-yi whose ancestors were the Hung-yi.
		The term Turk or Turkic I use are for all the Turkic or Turkish-speaking peoples in history.
	www.simaqianstudio.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=1056 (817 words)

	The Corners of History :: China Essays
		But the Empire was weak and needed time to heal, thus Liu Bang rewarded other warlords with rank, and made peace with the northern Xiong Nu tribes.
		During Liu Bang’s rule, Confucianists and gentry landlords were given more power and influence, and formed the new civil administration.
		Military action was taken against the Xiong Nu tribes, and the migration of Han Chinese into new territory began.
	www.angelfire.com /empire2/cornersofhistory/chinaessays1.htm (2047 words)

	CMC IAB Meeting Spring 2003 Agenda (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Walk to Harvill - Videoconference from NU (Each of the following talks will be followed by a 5 minute QandA session.
		Industrial members will then have 5 minutes to complete and hand-in the NSF LIFE forms which are provided in your member packet.
		Ahmed Busnaina and Oytun Guldiken [NU] (New Proposal)
	www.coe.neu.edu /research/cmc/spring2003/agenda.html (347 words)

	phorum - Chinese Culture Forum at Asiawind - Chinese Story - Cang Ren (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Chinese tribes of the Turkic Xiong Nu (ÐÙÅ«), the Jie (ôÉ), the Xian Bei
		a kingdom in the western part of the country, the Xiong Nu proclaimed the
		In 311AD, Liu Cong (¢Â”) the chieftain of Xiong Nu seized Luo Yang, the
	www.asiawind.com /forums/read.php?f=2&i=4209&t=4204 (824 words)

	TOYCON: Xiong Nu :: Action-Figure :: Toy, Collectibles and Action Figure News and Reviews from across the Globe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		TOYCON: Xiong Nu :: Action-Figure :: Toy, Collectibles and Action Figure News and Reviews from across the Globe
		You can log-in or register for a user account here.
		Xiong Nu was displaying this incredible figures which mixed urban and tribal styles...
	www.action-figure.com /Article5217.html (93 words)

	SkyscraperCity Forums - my urumqi.since may
		Urumqi looks awesome and set on such an amazing and historical location, Thanks for the pictures.
		Is this the ancient land of the Huns, Xiong Nu, Tocharians or the Yuezhi ?
		But I don't have memory of there since I left there for inner land at the age of 3.
	www.skyscrapercity.com /printthread.php?t=209337 (361 words)

	[No title]
		The First Emperor of Qin also built the Great Wall.
		There were a number of fortifications in the western frontiers before his time, built as a defense against the Turkish tribes the Chinese called Xiong Nu and which Europe would get to know under the name "Huns".
		On the Emperor's command general Meng Tian was ordered to unite these fortifications to one united work of defense of tremendous proportions in length, at those days about 4,100 kilometers.
	biphome.spray.se /coif/history/qin/shie05.html (747 words)

	Xin za shi xiong zhu nu zi (1995) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Xin za shi xiong zhu nu zi (1995)
		You need to be a registered user of the IMDb to rate a movie
		Discuss this movie with other users on IMDb message board for Xin za shi xiong zhu nu zi (1995)
	www.imdb.com /title/tt0115004 (137 words)

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