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Topic: Xylulose

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	BLAST Search Results (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		> spP21939XYLB_LACPE XYLULOSE KINASE (XYLULOKINASE) pirS18562 xylulokinase (EC 2.7.1.17) - Lactobacillus pentosus gbAAA25259.1
		> spP29444XYLB_KLEPN XYLULOSE KINASE (XYLULOKINASE) pirS25070 xylulokinase (EC 2.7.1.17) - Klebsiella pneumoniae embCAA43390.1
		> spP27155XYLB_STAXY XYLULOSE KINASE (XYLULOKINASE) pirS16531 xylulokinase (EC 2.7.1.17) - Staphylococcus xylosus embCAA40825.1
	life.biology.mcmaster.ca /brian/Rhizobium/AF_Part_2/af_part_2_cds56/Blast_Output.html (798 words)

	Patent 4490468: Production of ethanol by yeast using xylulose
		Xylulose may be obtained commercially, but due to the relatively high cost, it is generally desirable to obtain the material by alternative sources.
		The resulting xylulose containing material (initial fermentation substrate) after appropriate adjustment of pH and/or temperature if needed, is then fed to a fermentor vessel B containing the required fermentation yeast.
		Upon reaching a maximum conversion level of xylulose to ethanol in the fermentation of Example Four, 25 gms of wet Actinoplanes cells were added to the fermentation mixture, so as to facilitate isomerization of remaining xylose to xylulose, and subsequent fermentation of xylulose to ethanol.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4490468.html (2389 words)

	A novel NADH-linked L-xylulose reductase in the L-arabinose catabolic pathway of yeast (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In this pathway L- arabinose is sequentially converted to L- arabinitol, L- xylulose, xylitol and D- xylulose and enters the pentose phosphate pathway as D- xylulose 5-phosphate.
		ALX1 gene encoding the NADH-dependent L- xylulose reductase is strongly expressed during growth on L- arabinose as shown by Northern analysis.
		It is specific for sugar alcohols where in a Fischer projection the hydroxyl group of the C2 is in L and the hydroxyl group of C3 in D-configuration.
	www.ct.ornl.gov /symposium/index_files/2abstracts/2_25.htm (217 words)

	Xylulose and glucose fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae in chemostat culture -- Jeppsson et al. 62 (5): 1705 -- ...
		Xylulose and glucose fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae in chemostat culture -- Jeppsson et al.
		Xylulose and glucose fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae in chemostat culture
		whereas for xylulose it was 1.0 mmol g of cells-1 h- 1.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/62/5/1705 (249 words)

	BLASTP+BEAUTY Search Results
		>gi139849spP09099XYLB_ECOLI XYLULOSE KINASE (XYLULOKINASE) >gi66669pirKIECXY xylulokinase (EC 2.7.1.17) - Escherichia coli >gi43315embCAA28395.1
		>gi267426spP29444XYLB_KLEAE XYLULOSE KINASE (XYLULOKINASE) >gi281982pirS25070 xylulokinase (EC 2.7.1.17) - Klebsiella pneumoniae >gi43953embCAA43390
		>gi139851spP27155XYLB_STAXY XYLULOSE KINASE (XYLULOKINASE) >gi97876pirS16531 xylulokinase (EC 2.7.1.17) - Staphylococcus xylosus >gi48836embCAA40825
	searchlauncher.bcm.tmc.edu /seq-search/Examples/blast2p.html (1362 words)

	Molecular Cloning of XYL3 (D-Xylulokinase) from Pichia stipitis and Characterization of Its Physiological Function -- ...
		Xylulose fermentation by mutant and wild-type strains of Zygosaccharomyces and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
		Cloning and sequencing of the xylose isomerase and xylulose kinase genes of Escherichia coli.
		Xylulose fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and xylose-fermenting yeast strains.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/68/3/1232 (4012 words)

	Sequences in Fasta Format (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		g1170850 mhyylgidcggtfikaaifdqngtlqsiarrnipiisekpgyaerdmdelwnlcaqviqk tirqssilpqqikaigisaqgkgaffldkdnkplgrailssdqrayeivqcwqkenilqk fypitlqtlwmghpvsilrwikenepsryeqihtilmshdylrfclteklyceetnises nfynmregkydiqlaklfgitecidklppiiksnkiagyvtsraaeqsglvegipvvggl fdvvstalcadlkddqhlnvvlgtwsvvsgvthyiddnqtipfvygkypeknkfiiheas ptsagnlewfvnqfnlpnyddinheiaklkpasssvlfapflygsnaklgmqagfygiqs hhtqihllqaiyegvifslmshlermqvrfpnastvrvtggpaksevwmqmladisgmrl eipnieetgclgaalmamqaesaveisqilnidrkiflpdknqyskyqhkyhrylkfiea lknld > S3_Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus xylulose kinase; XylB [Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus].
		g4416202 mtyvlgidlgtsslkgilmdevgnlittksaeyqidtpkqgyseqrpeywivalesvltg lsveisdfgxqlagisfsgqmhslvvlddnxkpvypailwndvrtskqcqeitdrlgqrl leitknixlegftlpkilwlqenepevwsrvkkimlpkdylslwltgniytefsdaagtl lldiekkqwseeitdafnidmeilpeliestdrtgfvkaeiaerykltnevkvfaggadn aaaalgvglineevglismgtsgvvsayepkiadykgklhffnhtvpgayysmgvtlaag nslnwyketfgkglsfnellsevytvspgsegllftpyivgertphfdskirgsfigisa hheqkhfsravlegitfslrdskdimektknkkfkrlisvgggaqnpdimqmqadifnse mirltveqgpglgacmiaafgcglfdsleavtkafvhykeasfipnpknvaryeqiyqiw kqvykntseishqlvqfndeg > S16_Tetragenococcus halophilus xylulose kinase [Tetragenococcus halophilus].
		g139851 mayvigidigtsalktlvvnksgdvvesysvsyntahpksgyseidpeiwyeatleslky ilnhythndltgisfsgqmhglvvidqegnpirpailwndtrtsqevedikknlglnsll qltqntvlegftlpklmwlknheqdnykriykfmlpkdyivykltgnvytepsdaagtim fsvkdenwstellhrlnidpsicpeiiashqksgqltekvkntlgidsninvyqgganna cgalgsgitdeqkqlvsigtsgvalsienstdyendgnvhyfnhcvpnqkyimgvtlsag yslewlkqlisadenfttflkdinqsevganglmytpyllgertphndasvrgsfiglda nttqldmkraviegitysinesihimknnainineivsigggaknnqwlqiqadifntti ttrteeqgpaygaamiaamgeqwfntfnemseawiayhqkvypietntksyqdlfniykt iyd > S18_Pseudomonas fluorescens xylulose kinase [Pseudomonas fluorescens].
	life.biology.mcmaster.ca /brian/Rhizobium/AF_Part_2/af_part_2_cds56/Fasta_Sequences.html (320 words)

	Publication 4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		A silent gene encoding a kinase that specifically phosphorylates L- xylulose was activated and rendered constitutive in mutant cells of Escherichia coli.
		L-Xylulose kinase was purified to homogeneity and found to be a dimer of two subunits of 55 kDa, highly specific for L- xylulose with a Km of 0.8 mM, a V
		Physical (thin layer chromatography) and spectroscopic (nuclear magnetic resonance and optical rotation) characterization of the product of L-xylulose kinase indicated that the enzyme phosphorylated the sugar at position 5.
	www.oc.chemie.tu-darmstadt.de /ak/fessner/publications/pub04_en_right.html (242 words)

	BLASTP+BEAUTY Search Results
		66 6e-10 gi2895855 (AF045552) xylulokinase [Lactobacillus brevis] 55 2e-06 gi2293419 (AF007800) xylulose kinase [Pseudomonas fluorescens] 53 6e-06 gi2828496spP39211XYLB_BACSU XYLULOSE KINASE (XYLULOKINASE) >...
		37 0.40 gi1175037spP44401XYLB_HAEIN XYLULOSE KINASE (XYLULOKINASE) 37 0.40 gi2619021 (AF027868) xylulose kinase [Bacillus subtilis] >gi26...
		34 3.5 gi804654 (L42008) xylulose kinase [Bacillus sp.] 32 7.9 Locally-aligned regions (HSPs) with respect to query sequence: Locus_ID gi66668 __________________________________________________ gi2507053 __________________________________________________ gi125422 __________________________________________________ gi5616308 __________________________________________________ gi2498150 __________________________________________________ gi1924931 __________________________________________________ gi2905643 _________________________________________________ gi1077569 __________________________________________________ gi2895855
	searchlauncher.bcm.tmc.edu /seq-search/Examples/beauty_pp.html (916 words)

	XKS1 - Xylulose kinase
		Overexpression of XYL3 and XKS1 inhibited growth on xylose but did not affect growth on glucose even though XK activities were three times higher in glucose-grown cells.
		Data bank comparisons of the protein encoded by the XKS1 gene showed significant homology with different xylulokinases, indicating a possible role in xylulose phosphorylation.
		Over-expression of xylulokinase encoding XKS1 stimulated growth on D-xylulose in a S. cerevisiae strain to about 20% of the growth rate on glucose and deletion of the gene prevented growth on D-xylulose and D-xylulose metabolism.
	www.pdg.cnb.uam.es /UniPub/iHOP/gi/33402.html (263 words)

	Selected Citation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		However, xylose can be converted to xylulose by the enzyme xylose isomerase and most super glucose fermenting yeasts can ferment xylulose to ethanol.
		For example, Schizosaccharomyces pombe can ferment xylulose quite effectively; S. cerevisiae, on the other hand, can only ferment xylulose very poorly.
		The authors found that one key factor affecting yeast xylose and xylulose fermentation is its xylulokinase activity.
	www.eere.energy.gov /cleancities/progs/afdc/vwbs2.cgi?65 (252 words)

	Microbiology :: Molecular and industrial aspects of glucose isomerase :: Pharmaceutical Information and Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		HFCS, an equilibrium mixture of glucose and fructose, is 1.3 times sweeter than sucrose and serves as a sweetener for use by diabetics.
		Interconversion of xylose to xylulose by GI serves a nutritional requirement in saprophytic bacteria and has a potential application in the bioconversion of hemicellulose to ethanol.
		Intensive research efforts are directed toward improving its suitability for industrial application.
	www.pharmainfo.net /displayarticle1872.html (183 words)

	Xylose to Xylulose (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Hi David - I have a belief that simplicity wins, so when I research something I tend to try and find the easiest and cheapest way to do it without loss of quantity or quality.
		So to answer your question "why are you interested in the xylose- xylulose isomerization?", it is just part of my search trying to find an easy (cheap) way to utilise xylose to ethanol without the production of xylonal.
		I have thrashed all the books I have access to related to monosaccarhirdes and carbohydrate chemistry for ease of extraction, purification and utilisation of glucose and (to a lesser degree) xylose.
	solstice.crest.org /pipermail/bioenergy/1998-February/006127.html (283 words)

	D-xylulose-induced depletion of ATP and Pi in isolated rat hepatocytes -- Vincent et al. 3 (7): 1855 -- The FASEB ...
		question was therefore raised whether D- xylulose also depletes hepatic
		In isolated rat hepatocytes, 5 mM D- xylulose decreased ATP by 80%
		concentration of glycerol 3- P but increased xylulose 5-P from 0.02 to 0.5
	www.fasebj.org /cgi/content/abstract/3/7/1855 (343 words)

	Human protein: Q7Z4W1 - L-xylulose reductase (EC ) (XR) (Dicarbonyl/L-xylulose reductase) (Kidney dicarbonyl reductase) ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of human L- xylulose reductase.
		Crystal structure of human L-xylulose reductase holoenzyme: probing the role of Asn107 with site-directed mutagenesis.
		Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of several pentoses, tetroses, trioses, alpha-dicarbonyl compounds and L- xylulose.
	harvester.embl.de /harvester/Q7Z4/Q7Z4W1.htm (1097 words)

	Genetically Engineered Saccharomyces Yeast Capable of Effective Cofermentation of Glucose and Xylose -- Ho et al. 64 ...
		xylulose, and on xylulokinase (XK) to convert xylulose to xylulose
		are not able to ferment xylose, they are able to ferment xylulose (14).
		enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of xylose to xylulose, is
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/64/5/1852 (5389 words)

	Glucose stimulates transcription of fatty acid synthase and malic enzyme in avian hepatocytes -- Hillgartner and ...
		is that neither glucose 6-phosphate nor xylulose 5-phosphate is
		Induction of fatty acid synthase and S14 gene expression by glucose, xylitol and dihydroxyacetone in cultured rat hepatocytes is closely correlated with glucose 6-phosphate concentrations.
		Purification and characterization of a novel xylulose 5-phosphate-activated protein phosphatase catalyzing dephosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate, 2-kinase: fructose-2, 6-bisphosphatase.
	ajpendo.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/274/3/E493 (5115 words)

	Microbial Cell Factories \| Full text \| Potential use of sugar binding proteins in reactors for regeneration of ...
		As shown in Table 3 several enzymatic proteins binds to xylulose-5-phosphate.
		Xylulose-5-phosphate phosphoketolase, Dihydroxyacetone synthase, xylulose kinase, Protein phosphatase 2A B alpha isoform, Xylulose 5-phosphate-activated protein phosphatase, 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase, 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase 1 and 2 are examples of such enzymes.
		The non-enzymatic xylulose-5-phosphate binders are shown in the bottom part of Table 3.
	www.microbialcellfactories.com /content/3/1/7 (4313 words)

	Xylose to Xylulose (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The xylose to xylulose question came about after reading US Patent 4490468, for those interested.
		Thanks for the help Deano > > Sorry, your question about calcium gluconate got lost in the shuffle.
		Approaches used have been the use of other yeasts > than Saccharomyces, and recombinant genetic work to incorporate the DNA for > xylulose in ordinary yeast.
	solstice.crest.org /pipermail/bioenergy/1998-January/006093.html (235 words)

	[5-3H]glucose overestimates glycolytic flux in isolated working rat heart: role of the pentose phosphate pathway -- ...
		The effects of increased heart work on the tricarboxylate cycle and its interactions with glycolysis in the perfused rat heart.
		Nishimura, M, and Uyeda K. Purification and characterization of a novel xylulose 5-phosphate-activated protein phosphatase catalyzing dephosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate, 2-kinase:fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase.
		The activities of fructose 1,6-diphosphatase, phosphofructokinase, and phospho enol pyruvate carboxykinase in white muscle and red muscle.
	ajpendo.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/280/3/E502 (4230 words)

	Glucose Regulates the Expression of the Farnesoid X Receptor in Liver -- Duran-Sandoval et al. 53 (4): 890 -- Diabetes
		Dills WL Jr, Parsons PD, Westgate CL, Komplin NJ: Assay, purification, and properties of bovine liver D-xylulokinase.
		Liu YQ, Uyeda K: A mechanism for fatty acid inhibition of glucose utilization in liver: role of xylulose 5-P. J Biol Chem 271 :8824 –8830,1996
		Nishimura M, Uyeda K: Purification and characterization of a novel xylulose 5-phosphate-activated protein phosphatase catalyzing dephosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate,2-kinase:fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase.
	diabetes.diabetesjournals.org /cgi/content/full/53/4/890 (5089 words)

	Expression of heterologous proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for xylose utilisation. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Saccharomyces cerevisiae can utilise D-xylulose but not xylose.
		The phosphorylated xylulose is metabolised through the pentose-phosphate pathway and converted to ethanol via glycolysis.
		The genes coding for xylose reductase (XR) and xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH) from the xylose-utilising yeast Pichia stipitis, have been expressed in S. cerevisiae under the control of the PGK and ADH1 promoter-terminator sequences, respectively, in a replicative vector.
	www.yeastgenome.org /yeast98/abshtml/574.html (273 words)

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