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Topic: Yakubu Gowan

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Yakubu Gowan
		General Yakubu "Jack" Dan-Yumma Gowon (born October 19, 1934) was the head of state (Head of the Federal Military Government) of Nigeria from 1966 to 1975.
		He took power after one military coup d'etat and was overthrown in another.
		Yakubu Gowon joined the ranks of the Nigerian army in 1954, receiving a commission as a Second Lieutenant on October 19, 1955, his 21st birthday.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Yakubu-Gowan (1022 words)

	Yakubu Gowon - Encyclopedia.com
		The Superspy VS The General; Confident: General Yakubu Gowon Secret weapon: Sir Sean Connery as 007.
		Edwin Clark, a former Information Minister in 1960s' military regime led by Yakubu Gowon, was whisked away overnight by police who raided his home in Kiagbado, Delta state, said Alhaji Dokubo-Asari, president...
		The committee is headed by Yakubu Gowon, a former military ruler who led Nigeria during its 1967-70 civil...
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-Gowon-Ya.html (761 words)

	Nigeriaworld Feature Article - Transforming the false ''God'' of Nigeria
		The most deplorable use of God was by General Yakubu Gowan who in a recent interview with Champion Newspapers claimed that his becoming the military ruler after a bloody coup that assassinated his Commander In Chief (General Ironsi) and his host(Col Fajuyi) was an "act of God".
		Gowan even said that Nigerians are "now fully reconciled' after the uncivil war.
		My greatest disappointment with Gowan is that at almost 70, by now he would be wise and somberly reflect on the mistakes of the past when he was young and inexperienced and how they could be avoided and lessons learned.
	nigeriaworld.com /articles/2007/oct/162.html (2048 words)

	Yakubu Gowon (Site not responding. Last check: )
		General Yakubu "Jack" Dan-Yumma Gowon (born October 19, 1934) was the head of state (Head of the Federal Military Government) of Nigeria from 1966 to 1975.
		He took power after one military coup d'etat and was overthrown in another.
		Yakubu Gowon joined the ranks of the Nigerian army in 1954, receiving a commission as a Second Lieutenant on October 19, 1955, his 21st birthday.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/Y/Yakubu-Gowon.htm (1037 words)

	Nigeria 101 a quick summary
		The Igbo-led coup was counter-acted by another successful plot, supported primarily by Northern military officers and engineered by Murtala Mohammed, which allowed Gen. Yakubu Gowan to become head of state.
		The Northern coup was accompanied by widespread sectarian violence against ethnic Igbos migrants in the north and middle belt regions, and subsequently forced many to flee in large numbers to their homeland in the south.
		As Biafra was now perceived as expansionist, this provoked a violent response from the federal military government who retook the Midwest with ease, escalating the conflict into a full-scale war which resulted in between 1 to 3 million deaths and the reincorporation of Biafran territory into the republic after a victory for the federation.
	www.nigeria-planet.com /Nigeria-101.html (1542 words)

	Yakubu Gowon - TheBestLinks.com - Yakubu Gowan, Islam, July 25, July 29, ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Yakubu Gowan, Yakubu Gowon, Islam, July 25, July 29, January 4, January 5...
		General Yakubu "Jack" Dan-Yumma Gowon (born October 19, 1934) was a head of state (Head of the Federal Military Government) of Nigeria (1966 - 1975).
		During his rule, the Nigerian government successfully prevented Biafran secession, and he subsequently followed a magnanimous "no victor, no vanquished" policy that did much to restore the goodwill that had been lost between the Igbo and the rest of Nigeria during the 1966-1970 period.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Yakubu_Gowan.html (1015 words)

	Joseph Garba, Nigerian Coup Plotter, 58, Dies - OnlineNigeria.com (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Murtala Ramat Muhammad, overthrew the Nigerian military government of Gen. Yakubu Gowan in a bloodless coup and set themselves a four-year timetable for restoring democracy.
		In this transition period, General Garba, as he became in 1979, was Nigeria's foreign minister, first under the provisional government formed by General Muhammed, as he became, and then, after his assassination in 1976, under the government of Gen. Olusegun Obasanjo.
		He rose to command the elite Brigade of Guards at Dodan Barracks in Lagos and was in charge of General Gowan's personal security at the time when Colonel Garba and the others ousted him, in despair over whether General Gowan would ever return the country to civilian rule.
	www.onlinenigeria.com /adprint.asp?blurb=63 (497 words)

	Carter Center PRess Releases - Jimmy Carter, General Dr. Yakubu Gowon Encourage Nigerian Officials to Contain ...
		Former Nigerian President General Yakubu Gowan (left) and former U.S. President Jimmy Carter hold a press conference Feb. 15, 2007, in Abuja, Nigeria.
		The Carter Center-assisted village-based prevention and surveillance system in Nigeria was first established in 1988 when the campaign to eradicate Guinea worm disease began in the country.
		As chairman of the board of trustees of the Yakubu Gowon Center, General Gowon has been a key advocate in the eradication effort in Nigeria since 1999.
	216.24.170.159 /news/pr/nigeria_021507.html (1121 words)

	Beware of the devil of succession
		By July 29, 1966, young Military Officers of Northern extraction staged a coup in which the Head of State and his Military host Brigadier Fajuyi and Governor of the Western Region were killed during the Head of State’s visit to Ibadan.
		Since the killing of senior Military Officers from the North during the January 15, 1955 coup, the ethnic mistrust and hatred between the Igbos and their Northern hosts burst into open conflict in which many Igbo civilians lost their lives and property.
		General Yakubu Gowon ruled the country until 1975 when he was removed and replaced by General Muritala Mohammed.
	www.nigerdeltacongress.com /barticles/beware_of_the_devil_of_successio.htm (2439 words)

	THE CIA IN NIGERIA
		It is also worth noting that the OPEC action would have been even more devastating to the U.S. and its western allies if it had been complete.
		But as Nigeria's head of state, Yakubu Gowan opted to permit shipments to the U.S. throughout the boycott.
		It is not entirely surprising, then, that just one month after the nationalist Muritala Mohammed took office, an elaborate "feasibility study" was presented to Congress which explored the options for a military invasion of the oil-rich Nigerian coast.
	www.dawodu.com /cia1.htm (3181 words)

	TFF Jonathan Power Columns
		This was how they managed to come out of the civil war that consumed the country in the late 1960s.
		General Yakubu Gowan, the then military ruler, moved quickly with his policy of reconciliation, to bring the defeated Ibos of the would-be state of Biafra back into the mainstream of Nigerian life.
		Now, one of his junior officers, Obasanjo, will try the same task again, of bringing the alienated back into the political and social fold of a democratic state.
	www.transnational.org /SAJT/forum/power/1999/02nigeriahope.html (837 words)

	News Asmarino Com Front Page
		Eventually, the diplomats with help of Colonel Yakubu Gowan (a Northern Christian) were able to persuade the rebels to drop the demand and put end to attacks on Igbos in the North and
		The young Northern officers insisted however, that Col. Yakubu Gowan be the new head of state.
		General Yakubu Gowon responded with a threat to create 12 states out of the four unless Ujukwu backed down.
	news.asmarino.com /Comments/July2003/AbdallaBarole_18.asp (1887 words)

	Nigerian Civil War (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The claims of fraud led to a military coup by left-leaning Igbo officers.
		Some months later, a counter coup by northern officers placed General Yakubu Gowan into power.
		Ethnic tensions increased, with massacres of Christian Igbos living in the Muslim north.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/nigerian_civil_war (1029 words)

	Where Is The Offence Of Journalists
		In the early 70s for example, the administration of General Yakubu Gowan (rtd) incredibly considered press campaigns against corruption and mismanagement as an incitement of unhealthy environment, in the course of media resistance to this perception, Babatunde Jose then managing director of daily times was arrested and their premises sealed up.
		As if that isn’t enough, the ordeals of the trio of Ray Ekpu, Dan Agbese and Yakubu Mohammed of Newswatch company is sad to reveal.
		Perhaps one will be tempted to infer here that, from the government’s point of view, it is a crime for the media to attempt to champion the course of the underprivileged members of the society.
	www.gamji.com /article5000/NEWS5229.htm (1709 words)

	DR. NNAMDI AZIKIWE, 16 November 1904 - 11 May 1996, "ZIK OF AFRICA" THE ELDER STATESMAN - PART FOUR - ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		As an Ibo who understood the basic philosophy and objective of secession, his immediate inclination was to support the action of the head of the Eastern Region and now leader of Biafra, Lieutenant Colonel Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu.
		His tacit support was accompanied by a stern message in which Zik spelled out his demands for a peaceful, political reconciliation of differences between Ojukwu and General Yakubu Gowon, the military leader of the Federal government.
		In 1970, he announced his re-entry into politics in opposition to General Gowan’s continued military rule.
	www.greatepicbooks.com /epics/february99.html (1556 words)

	Online edition of Daily News - Features (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In the celebrated decision of the Nigerian Supreme Court in Lakanmi and Ola v the Attorney-General for the Western Province (1971 Vol.
		20 ICLQ 117) the court was invited to hold that the military takeover of the administration of the Republic of Nigeria by General Yakubu Gowan on the 26th of January, 1966 did annul the Federal Constitution of Nigeria in the Kelsenian sense.
		The effect of such an annulment being that it would have replaced the executive power vested in the President of Nigeria under that Constitution, with the Supreme Military Council of which its President was the Coup leader - Gowan.
	www.dailynews.lk /2004/05/05/fea01.html (2002 words)

	Is CPP ready for 2004 Elections?
		The cock must be made to crow at dawn and come to roost at sundown.
		The new battle cry of the CPP should be - "To Keep the Nkrumahist Front One; Is A Task That Must Be Done" just like General Yakubu Gowan's slogan during the Nigerian Civil War in the late 1960s -"To Keep Nigeria One Is A Task that Must be Done!"
		The Osu Castle is assailable yet; but it portals could only be opened by a united Nkrumahist front and not by splinter groups because the children of Danquah-Busia have barricaded themselves inside and the synergy of their collective efforts could perpetually keep the doors to that Colonialist's edifice closed to others.
	www.ghanaweb.com /GhanaHomePage/features/artikel.php?ID=43358 (670 words)

	Faith-Based NGOs and International Peacebuilding by David Smock: Special Reports: U.S. Institute of Peace
		The WCC sent a three-person delegation to meet with the consultative committee established by the Organization of African Unity to try to bring an end to the civil war.
		Carr in turn was drafted by members of the consultative committee to carry messages back and forth among committee members and between committee members and such key Nigerians as President Yakubu Gowan, former president Nnamdi Azikiwe, Sir Louis Mbanefo, and General Odumegwu Ojukwu, leader of breakaway Biafra.
		Carr was also the moderator of the peace negotiations that produced a peace agreement bringing a temporary halt to the Sudan civil war in 1972.
	www.usip.org /pubs/specialreports/sr76.html (5129 words)

	Africa at War
		Initially having a civilian government that was put in place by the previous powers that be, in 1966 a successful military coup overthrew the civilian government and a military administration under General Ironsi would assume control of the country.
		These coups had been accomplished by the massacre of countless Ibo's (A Nigerian ethnic group) and a thousands of Ibo's fled south to their homeland in SE Nigeria and what was to become a battleground.
		General Gowan soon drafted a national reorganization of Nigeria into 12 Federal states and in response, Lt. Colonel Odungewu Ojukwu decided that the region of SE Nigeria (of which he was Governer) was seceding from federal Nigeria as the Independent Republic of Biafra.
	www.wargamer.com /Hosted/squadbattles/id105.htm (3835 words)

	June 2004 Blogs
		When I lived in Nigeria in the time of Gowan, I heard stories about the Sandhurst training (which, by the way, included instilling a love of rugby - I recall playing against a formidable team comprising his personal bodyguards).
		And the lesson that it kept drilling in to them is that you must at all costs defend the radio stations, because these are what give you power over the people.
		Because the first thing they did in staging their own coups back home was to seize the radio stations and start broadcasting how they had liberated the downtrodden masses from the previous guy's tyranny.
	www.tallrite.com /weblog/archives/june04.htm (6546 words)

	CAMEROUN LINK : LE PORTAIL DU CAMEROUN <> CAMEROON PORTAL (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The most concrete agreement yet was the 1995 Maroua Accord coming in the wake of the 1994 Kano Accord between Yakubu Gowan and Ahmadou Ahidjo.
		According to the Maroua Declaration, Gowan and Ahidjo mutually agreed to prolong Cameroon’s maritime border from points 1 to point G. The two countries also agreed to create a 2 kilometre long maritime corridor or No Man’s land in the high seas surrounding the disputed area.
		Nigeria’s gain in the deal was that the sea route to her vital oil fields in the area remained open.
	www.camerounlink.net /fr/news.php?nid=15779 (5767 words)

	Sports Interactive - The Bootroom
		LuaLua, he’s probably formed the strike partnership (LuaLua and Yakubu) outside of the top five teams.
		Yakubu, to play like he did in the last 10 games of the season (I hope).
		Matthew Taylor, to become the Taylor of old and dominate the left hand side with attacking runs.
	www.sigames.com /the_bootroom.php?type=view&article_id=1000 (4096 words)

	Yakubu Gowon
		While out of the country in 1975, he was overthrown and began a life of exile in England.
		Gowon, Yakubu (1934- ;) (The Hutchinson Dictionary of World History)
		Gowan and Rawlings: A study in contrasts (New York Beacon, The)
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/people/A0821428.html (165 words)

	Latest News - Republic of Botswana (Site not responding. Last check: )
		About 1 200 officials have been lined up for the African show piece, which Nigeria is hosting for the second time.
		Nigeria hosted the Second All-Africa Games in 1973 when General Yakubu Gowan was the head of state.
		Nearly 500 journalists were accredited to cover the Abuja games.
	www.gov.bw /cgi-bin/news.cgi?d=20031007&i=Batswana_officiate_at_the_All_Africa_Games (309 words)

	NIGERIANS MUST WORK TO SAFEGUARD DEMOCRACY
		We are compelled to warn that we cannot tolerate any more killings of our people” He further declared, “Nigeria belongs to all of us”
		Speaking at the same occasion, former Head of State, General Yakubu Gowan urged Northerners to work to harness the resources of the North by tapping on the abundant energy, intelligence and diligence of the people.
		According to him, the North must endeavour to preserve and support each other in the endeavour to lift ourselves out of the vicious circle of bias and negative ethos.
	www.nasarawastate.org /democracy.htm (405 words)

	Ojukwu, Gowon and Abiakam (1970) Complete speeches of Ojukwu and some comments of General Gowan: History and drama)
		Ojukwu, Gowon and Abiakam (1970) Complete speeches of Ojukwu and some comments of General Gowan: History and drama)
		Complete speeches of Ojukwu and some comments of General Gowan: History and drama)
		To view the the latter's ratings, click on Chapters/Papers/Articles in the STATISTICS box, select a publication from the list that appears, and then click on either Quality or Interest in that publication's STATISTICS box.
	www.getcited.org /?PUB=102497230&showStat=Ratings (105 words)

	The Crown Council of Ethiopia
		While in Barbados, Prince Ermias also held cordial talks with His Royal Highness Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, who has paid several visits to Ethiopia in the past, and who was invested by the late Emperor Haile Selassie with the Order of the Queen of Sheba.
		The Caribbean visit was part of an ongoing worldwide diplomatic initiative by the Crown Council to familiarize world leaders with events in Ethiopia — particularly the significance globally of the war between Ethiopia and Eritrea — and with the Crown’s initiatives to restore stability to the Horn of Africa.
		Of particular interest was the initiative, Let’s Save the Children, spearheaded by Abba Liqa Maemiran Zacharias and begun at the World Council of Churches in Harare, Zimbabwe, in December 1998.
	www.ethiopiancrown.org /current2.htm (14637 words)

	The New Vision Online : Amin warns Americans, Ugandans register to fight Israel (Site not responding. Last check: )
		I am six feet,three inches and a former heavyweight boxing champion,” he said.
		General Amin sent a telegram to General Yakubu Gowan advising him not to lose any more time in breaking diplomatic relations with Israel.
		It read, “I have heard with pleasure that you have warned Israel that further deterioration in the war situation in the Middle East would jeopardise the relation between your great country and Israel...
	www.newvision.co.ug /PA/120/127/313521 (345 words)

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