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Topic: Yanktonai

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	Yanktonai Indian Tribe History
		In 1865 separate treaties of peace were made with the United States by the Upper and Lower Yanktonai, binding them to use their influence and power to prevent hostilities not only against citizens, but also between the Indian tribes in the region occupied or frequented by them.
		The primary divisions of the tribe are Upper Yanktonai and Hunkpatina.
		The Upper Yanktonai are chiefly under the Standing Rock agency, and while their number is not separately reported, there are probably about 3,500 at this place.
	www.accessgenealogy.com /native/tribes/siouan/yanktonaihist.htm (794 words)

	Yankton Indian Tribe History
		Dorsey arranged the Dakota-Assiniboin in 4 dialectic groups: Santee, Yankton, Teton, and Assiniboin, the Yankton dialect being spoken also by the Yanktonai, for the 2 tribes were the outgrowth of one original stem.
		The Assiniboin, who were an offshoot from the Yanktonai, are mentioned in the Jesuit Relation for 1640 as a tribe; hence the Yanktonai must have been in existence as a tribe before that time.
		Pike (1807) estimated the population of the Yankton and Yanktonai at 4,300.
	www.accessgenealogy.com /native/tribes/siouan/yanktonhist.htm (937 words)

	Welcome to the 36th Annual United Tribes International Powwow
		The Yanktonai, one of the largest branches of the Dakota or Siouan race, were originally a forest people living in Minnesota near Mill Lac and adjacent areas at an early date.
		The Yanktonai were found on the headwaters of the Sioux, the James and the Red Rivers.
		On the whole, the Yanktonai were peaceable towards the non-Indians and did not participate in the Minnesota Uprising, nor the Indian Wars of 1876.
	www.unitedtribespowwow.com /history.asp (2505 words)

	American Indian Relief Council (AIRC) promotes strong, self-sufficient American Indian Communities
		About the Yankton, Yanktonai, and Assiniboine Sioux: The Siouan language family, including Lakota-Dakota-Nakota speakers, inhabited over 100 million acres in the upper Mississippi Region in the 16th and early 17th centuries.
		By the early 19th century, the Yanktonai hunted buffalo between the Red and Missouri Rivers.
		Unlike the more settled Yankton and Yanktonai tribes, the Assiniboine were fully nomadic and ranged across the northern Plains by the 18th century.
	www.airc.org /res_yankton.cfm?ep=8&ec=1 (330 words)

	The Assiniboine & Sioux Nations
		The Dakotas (Santee Sioux), the Nakotas (Yankton and Yanktonai Sioux) and the Lakotas (Teton Sioux) each have a distinct language.The Sioux residing on the Fort Peck Reservation are of the Nakota band.
		While the Yanktonai Band stayed to the north, the Yankton Band moved south across the northern plains.
		Today it is the Yanktonai band which resides on the Fort Peck reservation and at reservations in North Dakota, South Dakota and in Canada.
	ultimatemontana.com /sectionpages/Section10/articles/assiniboine.html (563 words)

	Standing Rock History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The Ojibwa called the Lakota and Dakota "Nadouwesou" meaning "adders." This term, shortened and corrupted by French traders, resulted in retention of the last syllable as "Sioux." There are various Sioux divisions and each has important cultural, linguistic, territorial and political distinctions.
		The Dakota people of Standing Rock include the Upper Yanktonai in their language called Ihanktonwana which translates "Little End Village" and Lower Yanktonai, called Hunkpatina in their language, "Campers at the Horn" or "End of the Camping Circle".
		However, periodically the Yanktonai did engage in trade with these tribes and eventually some bands adopted the earthlodge, bullboat, and horticultural techniques of these people, though buffalo remained their primary food source.
	www.standingrock.org /history.htm (327 words)

	Arikara Village
		The Yanktonai were the "end people," on the edges of the area lived and hunted by the Dakota people; and, the Hunkpati were the most westerly of this group.
		That is why Drifting Goose was able to keep his bank hidden in the James River Valley, away from the encroaching white settlers, and one of the last of the great Sioux to capitulate and move to the reservation.
		And, they waited excitedly for summer, when the great bison herds migrating from the southern plains to Canada would crisscross the land near the James in smaller groups, heralding the hunting season that was both their sport and subsistence.
	www.curriculum.k12.sd.us /AT008/arikara_village.htm (1847 words)

	NMNH - Repatriation Office - Reports - Plains - Nakota and Central Dakota
		In response to the Devils Lake Yanktonai (now Spirit Lake Nation) and the Yankton Sioux repatriation requests, documentation of human remains was conducted with the use of museum accession records, card catalogs, and other information, as well as computer listings.
		Although separate claims were made by the Yanktonai and the Yankton, certain discrepancies in the source documents (for example, the lack of clear distinction between Yanktonai and Yankton human remains) led to the inclusion of all three groups (Assiniboine, Yanktonai, and Yankton) in this report.
		The Yankton and Yanktonai remains were repatriated to the Yankton Sioux and Devils Lake Sioux Tribes in 1995.
	www.nmnh.si.edu /anthro/repatriation/reports/regional/plains/central_dakota.htm (555 words)

	Whitestone Hill
		But the Yanktonais and Hunkpatinas, however, have received little attention in history books and have remained relatively obscure.
		The autumn of 1863 saw the Yanktonai and the Hunkpatina Sioux camped at Whitestone Hill doing as they had for generations, hunting buffalo and preparing the meat for winter.
		They were Yanktonai and Hunkpatina, and they had played no part in the rampage in Minnesota.
	www.emily.net /~schiller/whitston.html (2023 words)

	Noquet, Kingdom of - ThroneWiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Unfortunately for all the young bloods, by the time that the IX Corps got to Yanktonai, the war was over and it was time to go home.
		Regardless, bands of Hideyoshi samurai marched and rode north to Yanktonai, where the Republican VII Corps was preparing for its next attack on Noquet.
		The provinces of Yanktonai (2W 5), Chippewa (2W 7), Huron (2W 5), Algonkin (2W 3), Eastern Cree (2W 7) and Sokoki (1W 8) absorbed the extra population, though widespread famine and the harsh weather killed thousands of refugees.
	test.throneworld.com /wiki/index.php/Noquet,_Kingdom_of (1149 words)

	White Dove's Native American Indian Site Howe, Oscar (1915-83)
		Born in the community of Joe Creek on the Crow Creek Indian Reservation in South Dakota on May 13, 1915, Oscar Howe spent his childhood in preadolescent years faced with poverty, illness, and frustration.
		The son of full-blood Yanktonai parents, he was sent off to attend the Pierre Indian School, a government boarding school with a strict military regime.
		He spoke no English when he first went there and, like so many other children, was punished physically to discourage his reliance on his native language and culture.
	users.multipro.com /whitedove/encyclopedia/howe-oscar-1915-83.html (1094 words)

	Yanktonai - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Look for Yanktonai in Wiktionary, our sister dictionary project.
		Look for Yanktonai in the Commons, our repository for free images, music, sound, and video.
		If you have created this page in the past few minutes and it has not yet appeared, it may not be visible due to a delay in updating the database.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Yanktonai (101 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Sioux Indians
		At this period the Minnesota region was held by the various Santee bands; Eastern Dakota and a small part of Iowa were claimed by the Yankton and their cousins the Yanktonai; while all the Sioux territory west of the Missouri was held by bands of the great Teton division, constituting three-fifths of the whole nation.
		One part of the fugitives trying to escape to the Yanktonai was overtaken and defeated with great loss by Sibley near Big Mound, North Dakota, 24 July, 1863.
		the (Lower) Yanktonai at Crow Creek, S.D., and the Santee at Santee, northeastern Nebraska.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/14017a.htm (7030 words)

	Roodhuiden en Bleekgezichten (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Velen trokken naar het westen om zich bij de Yanktonai te voegen in de hogere Minnesota Valley en versterkten de opstanding van de westerse Sioux.
		De verbintenissen tussen de Yanktonai en de Teton werden gehandhaafd door de onderlinge handel, een groot jaarlijks handelsfeest werd gehouden aan de James rivier waarlangs goederen vanuit Brits Canada werden aangevoerd.
		Tenslotte stemde hij toe om het Laramie Verdrag van 1868 te ondertekenen omdat zijn garnizoen uiteengevallen was en in vrede leefde in de Pine Ridge Agency namen ze geen deel aan de Sioux oorlog van 1876 en bezochten Washington regelmatig.
	users.pandora.be /freddy.maes1/40002.html (4336 words)

	Curtis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		He was only thirteen years of age when he first went to war, and on this and on the next two occasions he gained no honors.
		On his fourth war excursion he was more successful, alone capturing six horses of the Yanktonai.
		In a battle with the Yanktonai he killed one of the enemy, and in another repeated the former success.
	webdoc.sub.gwdg.de /ebook/ga/2004/curtis/html/plate101.htm (131 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		During the 1820s and 1830s, the Lakotas (and Yanktonais) and Ojibways were in a fierce and violent competition for the buffalo ranges of central North Dakota.
		It is clear that while war raged between the Crows and the western Lakota bands for possession of the Powder River Country, the Yanktonais and eastern Lakota bands were equally occupied with driving the Assiniboins and Arikaras from the buffalo hunting grounds just west of the Missouri.
		According to the Yanktonai winter-counts, this man was taken prisoner by soldiers.
	www.sfmission.org /museum/exhibits/wintercounts/yankton.shtml (9748 words)

	Assiniboine - Wikipedia
		Die Assiniboine spalteten sich vor dem ersten Kontakt mit den Weißen von den Yanktonai-Nakota ab.
		Sie verbündeten sich mit den Cree, mit denen sie ihre Verwandten, die Yanktonai, bekriegten.
		Heute leben die Assiniboine auf verschiedenen Reservationen in Kanada und den USA.
	de.wikipedia.org /wiki/Assiniboine (137 words)

	Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis - The Region - August 1989 - North Dakota 1889 - 1989 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		By far the largest and most powerful group was the Lakota, or "western Sioux." Comprising seven bands, the Lakota epitomized Plains Indian culture, a highly organized hunting society.
		The Yankton and Yanktonai, the "Middle Sioux," lived between the Missouri and James rivers and because of their location were traders as well as hunters.
		The Dakota, or "Eastern Sioux," maintained a woodlands culture, moving onto the plains from the east to hunt bison.
	woodrow.mpls.frb.fed.us /pubs/region/89-08/reg898b1.cfm?js=0 (1542 words)

	weucha-shakehand
		At one time they were united with the Yanktonai and Assiniboine, making up one of the three main divisions (Dakota, Nakota and Lakota) of what is generally called the Sioux today.
		Before 1830 he was replaced as primary Chief by War Eagle (Wahmedawahkee) trading with William Dickson at his post near the mouth of the Vermillion River.
		In 1825 he was one of the primary signers of a treaty with the Teton, Yankton and Yanktonai.
	www.usinternet.com /users/dfnels/weucha.htm (903 words)

	MSN Encarta - Sioux
		A third branch is the Yankton Sioux, consisting of only one group, the Yankton.
		A fourth branch is the Yanktonai Sioux, composed of the Yanktonai, Hunkpatina, and Assiniboine bands (the Assiniboine separated from the other bands, probably in the 1600s, and assumed a distinct identity).
		The Teton use the native name Lakota; the Santee use Dakota; and the Yankton and Yanktonai use Nakota.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761574699/Sioux.html (1039 words)

	JWSR - Volume III, Number 2, Spring 1997
		Another, more problematic issue permeates that set of issues -- conclusions arising from those works on activism, seems to imply that most Natives, including traditionals on the reservations, were inactive and waiting for the intervention of an outside force in order to make claims to sovereignty and the identity constructions associated with those claims.
		Additionally, with circumscribed attempts putting "politically correct" labels in place, each is often referred to as "nations" with the Lakota, "Nakota" and Dakota nations not conforming to accurate geographic history.
		The Yankton and Yanktonai suffered the results of buffering the Lakota in 1862 (Meyer, 1980 (1967)).
	jwsr.ucr.edu /archive/vol3/v3n2a3.php (14118 words)

	Lakota Stichting - Nieuwsbrief nummer 20
		Er werd aangenomen dat de Yankton en Yanktonai verbonden waren met de Assiniboine vandaar dat aan de eersten de zelfaanduiding Nakota werd toebedacht.
		Omdat antropologen en taalkundigen hebben vastgehouden aan het idee dat Nakota de zelfaanduiding is van de Yankton en Yanktonai is het verankerd.
		Er is geen bewijs dat Assiniboine van Yanktonai zou afstammen.
	www.lakota.nl /wota-20.html (3480 words)

	A gentleman by the name of Frank Meyers came to this area with a party of Chicago and Northwestern surveyors in 1878
		The James River, called Whitewoods by the Indians, served as a natural boundary as well as a convenient waterway for travel.
		The Yankton and Yanktonai bands of Sioux later located villages in the vicinity.
		One famous leader, Chief Joseph Drifting Goose of the Hunkpati band of Yanktonai, occupied Armadale Island, located a few miles north of Fisher Grove on the James River.
	www.usacitiesonline.com /sdredfieldhistory.htm (590 words)

	Die Indianer Nordamerikas - Die Dakota, Lakota und Nakota (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Die Teton waren die Lakota, die Yankton und Yanktonai bildeten die Nakota und die Santee, die sich aus vier Unterstämmen zusammensetzten, die Dakota.
		Die Yankton und die Yanktonai bilden zusammen den Dakota-Zweig der Nakota.
		Sie hatten mit den Santee einen starken Bund geschlossen.
	www.indianerwww.de /indian/n_dakota.htm (2073 words)

	Standing Rock Sioux Tribe Tourism
		The Dakota and Nakota people of Standing Rock include the Upper Yanktonai (in their language called Ihanktonwana, which translates to “little end villages”) and Yanktonai from the Cut Head Band.
		The Cut Heads, whose name is literally translated, get their title from the fact that when they withdrew from the Yanktonais, there was a row over secession and a fight.
		However, periodically the Yanktonai did engage in trade with these tribes and eventually some bands adopted the earth lodge, bullboats and horticultural techniques of these people, though buffalo remained their primary food sources.
	www.standingrocktourism.com /history (464 words)

	IAP Crow Creek Agency
		The Lower Yanktonai were settled at Crow Creek Agency after the treaty of 1859 ceded all lands of the Yankton and Yanktonais to the federal government, a result of the Spirit Lake massacre.
		In 1866, after the arrival of several hundred Lower Yanktonai, Sicangu, and Oohenunpa, the Santee were removed to a separate reservation in Nebraska.
		Drifting Goose, leader of the Hunkpati band of Yanktonai, is remembered for refusing to sign the 1859 treaty.
	www.sdhistory.org /arc/iap/arc_iap14.htm (412 words)

	Some Info About the Lakota
		The Nakota, also known as the Yanktonai or Yankton Sioux, live in southeast South Dakota.
		They are divided into three bands: Yankton who are now on the Yankton Reservation in South Dakota; the Upper Yanktonai who live on the Standing Rock Reservation in SD and the Devil's Lake Reservation in North Dakota; Lower Yanktonai who live on the Crow Creek Reservation in SD and the Fort Peck Reservation in MT.
		The Lakota, known as the Teton Sioux, are west of the Missouri River.
	www.angelfire.com /ct/deerwhorns/lakota.html (770 words)

	Assiniboin -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		also called Stonies, American Plains Indian people belonging to the Siouan linguistic stock who split from the Yanktonai Dakota before the 17th century and lived during their greatest prominence in the area west of Lake Winnipeg along the Assiniboin and Saskatchewan rivers, Canada.
		American Plains Indian people belonging to the Siouan linguistic stock who split from the Yanktonai Dakota before the 17th century and lived during their greatest prominence in the area west of Lake Winnipeg along the Assiniboin and Saskatchewan rivers, Canada.
		Their name is derived from the Ojibwa (Chippewa) tongue and means One Who Cooks with Stones (they are known as...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9009938 (693 words)

	Text of Further Treaties Concluded with the Northern Plains Tribes
		Treaty with the Sioux - - Yanktonai Band, 1865.
		Treaty with the Sioux - - Upper Yanktonai Band, 1865.
		Treaty with the Sioux - - Brule, Oglala, Miniconjou, Yanktonai, Hunkpapa, Blackfeet, Cuthead, Two Kettle, Sans Arcs, and Santee - - And Arapaho, 1868.
	www.hanksville.org /daniel/treaties_more.html (205 words)

	Dialects
		For example, Yankton and Yanktonai form two subdialects within the Yankton-Yantonai group; in the Santee-Sissetons Dakota, Sisseton has slightly different from the other three Santee tribes.
		Subdialects differences exist also among the Lakota speakers, especially between the southern Oglala-Sicangu group and five northern Lakota groups.
		In fact Nakota is the self-designation of the Assiniboine people while the Yanktons and Yanktonais call themselves Dakota even though their dialect varies from that of the Santees located east from them.
	www.inext.cz /siouan/sioux-dialects.htm (397 words)

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