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Topic: Yavanas

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	US Bazaar.com : Encyclopedia Pages : Yavana
		The Greek Yavanas were apparently a minority foreigners in India and naturally may have obtained, in this invasion, the military support of their good neighbors, the warlike Kambojas.
		In the Shanti Parava section, the Yavanas are grouped with the Kambojas, Kiratas, Sakas, and the Pahlavas etc and are spoken of as living the life of Dasyus (slaves).
		Numerous Puranic literature groups the Yavanas with the Sakas, Kambojas, Pahlavas and Paradas and refers to the peculiar hair styles of these people which were different from those of the Hindus.
	encyclopedia.us-bazaar.com /?title=Yavana (1813 words)

	Reference Encyclopedia - Saka
		The Vartika of the Katyayana informs us that the kings of the Shakas and the Yavanas, like those of the Kambojas, may also be addressed by their respective tribal names.
		According to numerous Puranas, the military corporations of the Shakas, Yavanas, Kambojas, Pahlavas and Paradas, known as "five hordes" (pānca-ganah), had militarily supported the Haihaya and Talajunga Kshatriyas in depriving Ikshvaku king Bahu (the 7th king in descent from Harishchandra), of his Ayodhya kingdom.
		The Kalika Purana, one of the Upa-Puranas of the Hindus, refers to a war between Brahmanical king Kalika (supposed to be Pusyamitra Sunga) and Buddhist king Kali (supposed to be Maurya king Brihadratha (187-180 BCE)) and states the Shakas, Kambojas, Khasas, etc. as a powerful military allies of king Kali.
	referenceencyclopedia.com /?title=Saka (2523 words)

	Dharma-shastra
		The Manusmrti gives a place to the ruling groups of invading peoples such as the Sakas, Pahlavas, and the Greeks, who were called the Yavanas.
		Yavanas, Sakas, Pahlavas and other foreign invaders are described by Manu as lapsed ksatriyas, of the warrior class.
		These warriors had lost their status for not following dharma, but by performing appropriate expiatory sacrifices and acknowledging the brahmans as religious leaders they could come into the fold of the orthodox community.
	philtar.ucsm.ac.uk /encyclopedia/hindu/ascetic/dharma.html (1008 words)

	Srimad Bhagavatam Canto 2 Chapter 4 Verse 18
		Kirāta, Hūṇa, Āndhra, Pulinda, Pulkaśa, Ābhīra, Śumbha, Yavana, members of the Khasa races and even others addicted to sinful acts can be purified by taking shelter of the devotees of the Lord, due to His being the supreme power.
		Yavanas: Yavana was the name of one of the sons of Mahārāja Yayāti who was given the part of the world known as Turkey to rule.
		Therefore the Turks are Yavanas due to being descendants of Mahārāja Yavana.
	vedabase.net /sb/2/4/18/en (1421 words)

	SRIMAD BHAGAVATAM: CANTO 4 - CHAPTER 28
		With her taking hold and the Yavanas from all sides entering the gates, was severe trouble caused all over the city.
		Forcibly dragged by the Yavana that was so powerful, couldn't he, covered by the darkness of his ignorance, remember his friend and well-wisher that had been there from the beginning.
		Forcibly dragged by the Yavana that was so powerful, was he, covered by the darkness of his ignorance, not able to remember his friend and well-wisher that had been there from the beginning.
	www.srimadbhagavatam.org /canto4/chapter28.html (6754 words)

	SivaramaSwami.com » The Disappearance of Srila Haridasa Thakura
		For the yavanas the words “ha rama” mean “abominable,” whereas the devotee exclaims the words “ha rama” in ecstatic love.
		Yavanas utter the holy name in a different attitude than devotees, but the holy name “ha rama” is so powerful spiritually that it acts anywhere, whether one knows it or not.
		Not only the yavanas and khasadayah but even those born in still lower families can be purified (sudhyanti) by the grace of a devotee of Lord Krsna, for Krsna empowers such devotees to perform this purification.
	www.sivaramaswami.com /?p=186 (6229 words)

	The Age of Patanjali - by N. Bhashyacharya - Adyar Pamphlets No. 57
		The “Yavanas besieged (imperfect) Sãketa“, the “Yavanas be sieged (imperfect) Mãdhyamikãs”.
		The term Yavana applies to the Grecians, and hence the Grecian invasion is alluded to.
		Regarding the Mãdhyamikãs, it is absurd to suppose that the Yavanas invaded and captured the individuals belonging to an idealistic philosophical sect called by that name — especially when we consider [Page 14] that they had no footing in the country.
	www.theosophical.ca /AgeOfPatanjaliB.htm (5932 words)

	Ancient Trade from South India... - History Forum
		The western merchants who visited were known as Yavanas, which is derived from the Greek Iaones, the name of the Greek nation in their own language.
		The Yavanas alluded to by there poets, were undoubtedly the Egyptian Greeks because from the Periplus it is learnt that the Greek merchants from Egypt brought wine, brass, lead glass etc. for sale to Muciri and purchased pepper, betel, ivory pearls and fine Muslins.
		It explains that their spoken languages was unintelligible to the Tamils and consequent by the Yavanas were obliged to use gesture in order to make themselves understood.37 The Purananuru speaks of the delicious wine which was eagerly sought for by kings and courtiers.
	www.simaqianstudio.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=3691 (3352 words)

	Hindu Dharma and Pakistan
		According to a passage in the Mahabharata, Yavanas and Gandharas (people of Pakistan), and Vangals (Bangladeshis) are sinful creatures in earth.
		The strange fact is that the basin of the Indus and the Punjab West of Sutlej came to be regarded as impure land by the Brahmins of interior India at quite an early date.
		On the east of Bharata dwell the Kiratas (the barbarians); on the west, the Yavanas (the outlandish Greeks/ Bactrians); in the centre reside Brahmans, Kshatriyas, Vaishayas and Sudras.
	www.geocities.com /pak_history/Hindu.html (1341 words)

	Srimad Bhagavatam, Bhagavata Purana, Canto 4: Chapter 28: Sanskrit
		Being bereft of all possessions, he was conquered forcibly by the Gandharvas and the Yavanas.
		The city of King Purañjana was overcome by the Gandharva and Yavana soldiers, and although the King had no desire to leave the city, he was circumstantially forced to do so, for it was smashed by Kâlakanyâ.
		When the Yavanas were taking King Purañjana away to their place, binding him like an animal, the King's followers became greatly aggrieved.
	www.srimadbhagavatam.org /canto4/Canto4-Sanskrit/chapter28.html (4249 words)

	History Indo-greek Kingdom - History Of Ancient, Medieval And Modern India.
		The Anushasanaparava of the Mahabharata affirms that the country of Mathura, the heartland of India, was under the joint control of the Yavanas and the Kambojas.
		Direct epigraphical evidence involves the Indo-Greek kings, such as the mention of the "Yavana king" Antialcidas on the Heliodorus pillar in Vidisha, or the mention of Menander I in the Buddhist text of the Milinda Panha.
		In the Harivamsa the "Yavana" Indo-Greeks are qualified, together with the Sakas, Kambojas, Pahlavas and Paradas as Kshatriya-pungava i.e foremost among the Warrior caste, or Kshatriyas.
	www.bharatadesam.com /history/indo-greek_kingdom.php (4421 words)

	The Devi Bhagavatam: The Fourth Book: Chapter 24
		These Yavanas were brave and the lords of all Mlechchâs (untouchables) and extremely terrific to the Yâdavas.
		Yavana means a Greek, an Ionian; then any foreigner, or barbarian (the word is applied at present to a Mahomedan or a European also).
		When Muchukunda burnt the Yavana, he saw the lotus-eyed Krisna; he bowed down to that Supreme Deva, Vâsudeva, and went to forest.
	www.sacred-texts.com /hin/db/bk04ch24.htm (2100 words)

	Foreigner issue: historical analysis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		He was not opposed to Chandragupta marrying the daughter of the defeated Yavan Selucus for diplomatic reasons but laid down that her offspring will not inherit the throne of India.
		She was given all the honour of a queen but was never given the status of a natural born citizen like Gandhari or Sita.
		Since the period of Vedic India, the people of the land had an aversion to Mlechchhas or Yavanas or the likes because of their alien culture.
	www.saag.org /notes/note32.html (1029 words)

	Mahabharata Of Vyasa, A Complete Translation By Kisari Mohan Gaguly
		Thereupon, the Yavanas, many in number and endued with lightness of hands, approaching unretreating Satyaki, covered him with showers of arrows.
		Slain by Satwata by means of his straight shafts whose touch resembled that of Indra's thunder, the Yavanas covered the surface of the earth.
		The small remnant of those mail-clad troops vanquished in battle, O king, by Satwata, becoming cheerless, their lives on the point of being taken, broke and urging their steeds with goads and whips to their utmost speed, fled from fear in all directions.
	www.bharatadesam.com /spiritual/mahabharata/mahabharata_07115.php (1043 words)

	Migration of Kambojas - KambojSociety.com
		The invading hordes of the Sakas, Yavanas, Kambojas, Pahlavas, Abhiras etc from the north-west had entered Punjab, United Province, Sindhu, Rajasthan and Gujarat in large numbers, wrested political control of northern India from the Indo-Aryans and had established their respective kingdoms/principalities in the land of the Indo-Aryans.
		As is well known, during few centuries preceding the Christian era, there had occurred extensive social and cultural admixture among the Kambojas and Yavanas; the Sakas and Pahlavas; and the Kambojas, Sakas, and Pahlavas....
		The culture of Kambojas was modified as a result of their contacts, first with the Yavanas and later, it went further modification as a result of their contacts with the Sakas and Pahlavas etc (Dr D. Sircar, Dr J. Kamboj).
	www.kambojsociety.com /MigrationOfKambojas.asp (4335 words)

	The Story of Vimanas presented in Non Famous section
		Thus in Bana’s Harsa-carita there is the story of a Yavana who manufactured an aerial machine that was used to kidnap a king.
		It was quite common for flying machines and yantras in general to be attributed to the Yavanas in Sanskrit texts.
		Some scholars take the Yavanas to be the Greeks, and they attribute Indian stories of machines to a Greek origin.
	www.newsfinder.org /site/more/the_story_of_vimanas (1053 words)

	Ch. 21
		The Yavanas, as they witnessed this wonderful exhibition of his power, were cured of their malice against him and their minds were purified.
		The cudgeling of the hypocritical Brahmana is similarly an exhibition of love for Godhead on the part of the snake-bite healer; while the barbarous behaviour of the Yavanas towards Haridas is an act of hatred against the Divinity notwithstanding the Scriptural language in which it was sought to be clothed by the Kazi.
		Thakur Haridas did not pity the Yavanas for the reason that they were not responsible for their ignorance.
	www.bvml.org /contemporary/TCATOTSLSKC/21.html (7151 words)

	Kshatriya - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		For instance, the Sakas, Yavanas, Kambojas, Pahlavas, Paradas etc were foreign invaders from north-west but were assimilated into the Indian community as Kshatriyas.
		The Vartika of the Katyayana informs us that the kings of the Sakas and the Yavanas, like those of the Kambojas, may also be addressed by their respective tribal names.
		Like the Kambojas, Sakas, Yavanas, Daradas, Khashas etc, the Dravidas were recorded as Kshatriyas who no longer were initiated into the sacred thread due to their neglect of the Brahmanas as well as due to their non-observance of the sacred Brahmanical codes.
	en.wikipedia.org.cob-web.org:8888 /wiki/Kshatriya (1902 words)

	Shreemad Bhagavatam - Bhagavad Purana
		After hearing the statement of Kalakanya, daughter of Time, the King of the Yavanas began to smile and devise a means for executing his confidential duty on behalf of providence.
		The city of King Puranjana was overcome by the Gandharva and Yavana soldiers, and although the King had no desire to leave the city, he was circumstantially forced to do so, for it was smashed by Kalakanya.
		When the Yavanas were taking King Puranjana away to their place, binding him like an animal, the King’s followers became greatly aggrieved.
	www.astrojyoti.com /bhagavatam4f.htm (13165 words)

	Migration of Kambojas - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		References to Kambojas abound in ancient literature, and this may have been just the expansion of an Indo-Iranian tribe with both Persian and Indic affinities from their homeland in the Afghanistan-Turkistan region along the foothills of the Himalayas towards Bengal, along the coast to Gujarat, to Sri Lanka, and possibly further to Cambodia.
		This statement, couched in the form of prophecy in true puranic style, alludes to a historical situation (second/first century BC downwards) which followed the collapse of Maurya and Sunga dynasties in North India.
		It is notable that after massive intrusion of India by Sakas, Kambojas, Yavanas, Pahlavas around Christian era, the term Yavana had also become synonymous with Mlechcha and was a common designation for all foreign tribes irrespective of whether they were Yavanas, Sakas, Kambojas or others (See: Hellinsm in Ancient India, pp.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Migration_of_Kambojas (4510 words)

	Kambojas and Manusmriti - KambojSociety.com
		Manusmriti (verse X.20) informs that those (sons) whom the twice-born beget on wives of equal caste, but who, not fulfilling their sacred duties (allusion is obviously towards the Kambojas, Sakas, Pahlavas etc), are excluded from the Savitri (initiation), one must also designate by the appellation Vratyas.
		The inevitable consequences of neglecting the Brahmanas are beautifully highlighted in the Epic poetryepic which states that the descendents of those Kshatriyas who neglect the Brahmanas soon become Dasyus, Barbaric Mlechchas or Barbarians (MBH 12.73.9-10).
		The foreign warrior clans of the Sakas, Kambojas, Yavanas, Pahlavas and the others, after their entry into India (2nd/1st c BC), did not immediately switch to the religion and social customs of the Hindu society.
	www.kambojsociety.com /Manusmriti.asp (855 words)

	Europa Barbarorum
		Yes, merchants must now travel through our lands to carry their wares from east to west and from north to south and from such trading we have grown wealthier than our fathers.
		However, the traders still finish their journeys in the cities of the Yavanas, the Greeks, on the seashore at our southern border.
		Wherever we go, there will still be other lands, other nations beyond: the land of Hayasdan and the kingdoms of the Yavanas and then others whose names we do not yet know.
	www.europabarbarorum.com /factions_sauromatae.html (420 words)

	Article- Vedic Astrology in the West
		A proper study of the subject leads one to the acquisition of wealth, merit, salvation, respect and fame.
		When even Mlechchas and Yavanas well versed in astrology are held in the same esteem as Rishis, who would deny respect to an astrologer who happens to be a Brahmin?
		Though stanza 13 implies that Brahmins alone should study astrology, stanza 14 refers to the Yavanas (Greeks) and Mlechhas (Middle Easterners) who are “given the respect of Rishis”.
	www.vedicastrology.com /articles/articlequalities1.htm (2066 words)

	The Sampradaya Sun - Independent Vaisnava News - Editorials - August 2006
		The sastras of the yavanas, or meat-eaters, are not eternal scriptures.
		The scriptures of the yavanas are three: the Old Testament, the New Testament and the Koran.
		Their compilation has a history; they are not eternal like the Vedic knowledge.
	www.harekrsna.com /sun/editorials/08-06/editorials633.htm (353 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Because they have taken a low birth, the Yavanas may not be qualified to perform the duties of the different castes.
		One who is born as a Yavana cannot possibly have performed only pious deeds, and therefore it is not possible that in the past he performed the pious deeds that lead to devotional service.
		If association with the Yavanas is not favourable for devotional service, then a faithful Yavana Vaishnava should reject their association.
	www.mandala.com.au /jaiva_dharma/ch6.htm (7258 words)

	Ambarishacharitham
		This play is a rare example of weaving contemporary events in to the puranic story, as the Yavanas allude to the invasion of Kerala by Tippu Sultan.
		The story opens with a sringara pada, of the King and his consorts.
		In the next scene the ministers inform him of the invasion by Yavanas, who were ungodly, and should be destroyed.
	www.margitheatre.org /Ambarisha.htm (364 words)

	History of Malayalam Literature
		Flat land was the land of the Uzhavas who were farmers and coastal region was the land of Valayas who were fishermen : At this time there was no caste differentiation.
		It has to be noted that Greeks, Romans, Persians, Turks and Arabs were referred to as Yavanas.
		The great Tamil Classic Chilappatikaaram (Epic of the anklets) written by a Chera prince is a product of the early seventh century.
	www.malayalamresourcecentre.org /Mrc/literature/tamil.html (251 words)

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