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Topic: Yevno Azef

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	Yevno Azef at AllExperts
		Yevno Azef (1869-1918, also transliterated as Evno Azef), was a Russian socialist revolutionary who was also a double agent working for both as an organizer of assassinations for the Socialist-Revolutionary Party and a police spy for Okhrana.
		Evno Fishelevich Azef was born in Lyskovo near Hrodna in 1869 to a poor Jewish family.
		Yevno Azef died in Berlin in April 24 1918.
	en.allexperts.com /e/y/ye/yevno_azef.htm (625 words)

	Yevno Azef - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Yevno Azef (1869-1918, also transliterated as Evno Azef), was a Russian socialist revolutionary who was also a double agent working for both as an organizer of assassinations for the Socialist-Revolutionary Party and a police spy for Okhrana.
		Evno Fishelevich Azef was born in Lyskovo in 1869 to a poor Jewish family.
		Yevno Azef died in Berlin in April 24, 1918.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Evno_Azef (517 words)

	Socialist Revolutionaries
		In 1903, Gershuni was betrayed by his deputy, Yevno Azef, an agent of the Okhrana secret police, arrested and tried for terrorism.
		Azef became the new leader of the SRCO, and continued working for both the SRCO and the Okhranka, simultaneously orchestrating terrorist acts and betraying his comrades.
		When Azef was confronted with the evidence at the trial and was caught lying, he fled and left the party in disarray.
	www.freeencyclopedia.co.za /wiki/Socialist_Revolutionaries (1542 words)

	CalendarHome.com - Socialist-Revolutionary Party - Calendar Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		In 1903, Gershuni was betrayed by his deputy, Yevno Azef, an agent of the Okhrana secret police, arrested and tried for terrorism.
		Azef became the new leader of the SRCO, and continued working for both the SRCO and the Okhranka, simultaneously orchestrating terrorist acts and betraying his comrades.
		When Azef was confronted with the evidence at the trial and was caught lying, he fled and left the party in disarray.
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /cgi-bin/encyclopedia.pl?p=Socialist-Revolutionaries (1258 words)

	Comrade Valentine: The True Story of Azef the Spy - The Most Dangerous Man in Russia at the Time of the Last Czars. - ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Born in 1869 near the Polish border city of Lyskovo, the son of a Jewish tailor, Azef became embroiled in the anticzarist underground movement as a student.
		Azef had amassed a fortune and long maintained two households, one with his wife and the other with his German mistress, Hedy, with whom he luxuriously (if cautiously) traveled, eventually settling in Berlin as Herr Alexander Neumayer.
		Azef's dual loyalties, ironically, made him a historical nonperson for the winners and the losers of the Russian Revolution.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1571/is_n37_v10/ai_15794198 (765 words)

	Amazon.ca: Comrade Valentine: Books: Richard E. Rubenstein (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		He describes Azef as a man whose "search for freedom, security, and power led him to the dark heart of the underground civil war." That is, Azef was able to play all sides of the political spectrum for his own emotional and financial profit.
		This is the sinister personality of the quintessential traitor: Yevno Azef, who had the effect on the history of the past century and on our own far beyond of what is usually recognized, and probably far beyond his talents.
		By the combination of fate and his own ambitions Yevno Azef got close to the leading Russian Revolutionaries of the beginning of century - and they were not Lenin and his tiny band, but a well-established and organized party of Socialist Revolution, known to-day mostly only to the historians of the period.
	www.amazon.ca /Comrade-Valentine-Richard-E-Rubenstein/dp/0151528950 (774 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		COMRADE VALENTINE: THE TRUE STORY OF AZEF THE SPY (1994) is the biography of Yevno Azef, a master of intrigue who was simultaneously Russia’s greatest revolutionary terrorist and a top agent of the czar’s secret police.
		In his role as chief of the Socialist Revolutionary Party’s Combat Organization, Azef was responsible for the assassination of scores of high government officials, including the notorious interior minister, von Plehve, and the czar’s uncle, the Grand Duke Sergei.
		At the same time, Azef betrayed many of his terrorist comrades to the police — a practice that eventually led to his “trial” in Paris by a revolutionary tribunal headed by the famous anarchist, Prince Kropotkin, and a daring flight to freedom.
	bld01.ipowerweb.com /contentmanagement/websites/rockeyk1/page2.html (1152 words)

	Evno Azef
		Azef was paid 100 rubles a month and in 1899 it was suggested by Okhrana that he would be more effective working in Russia.
		Azef sat in a very dangerous position, especially after Gershuni's arrest, and he had to think first of his own safety.
		Azef had little love for Plehve: as a Jew, he could not help but resent the Kishinev pogrom and the minister's reputed role.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /RUSazef.htm (575 words)

	Marxism Opposes Individual Terrorism - The Bankruptcy of Individual Terrorism
		In 1909 Azef was exposed as an agent of the Tsarist secret police.
		In the course of his work as an agent-provocateur, Azef had even been responsible for the assassination of the Minister of the Department of State which employed him.
		His ‘case’ is known to one and all from the legal newspapers and from accounts of the Duma debates over the demand raised by Duma deputies for an interpellation about Azef.
	www.csn.ul.ie /~sp/moit-2.html (1227 words)

	CalendarHome.com - - Calendar Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		In 1903 Savinkov escaped abroad and joined Socialist-Revolutionary Party, where he soon became Deputy Head of its Fighting Organization under Yevno Azef.
		For his assassination of Russian Minister of Interior Vyacheslav von Plehve and participation in the assassination of Grand Prince Sergei Romanov, he was arrested in 1906 and sentenced to death.
		After the disclosure of Azef in 1908 he became the head of the Fighting Organization, but it was too weak to conduct any serious operations.
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /cgi-bin/encyclopedia.pl?p=Boris_Savinkov (654 words)

	Socialist-Revolutionary Party - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Later betrayed by his deputy, Yevno Azef, who was an agent of the Okhranka secret police, Gershuni was arrested and tried for terrorism.
		Azef became the new leader of the SRCO, and continued working for both the SRCO and the Okhranka, simultaneously orchestrating terrorist acts and betraying his comrades.
		His unmasking in late 1908-early 1909 shook the party deeply.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Socialist-Revolutionary_Party (1064 words)

	Okhranka - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		The Okhranka is notoriously known for its agents provocateurs — Dr. Jacob Zhitomirsky (a leading Bolshevik and close associate of Vladimir Lenin), Yevno Azef, and Dmitry Bogrov.
		There is some evidence that Stalin may have been an agent of the Okhranka at one time.
		The assassination of Stolypin and the Azef case put the methods of the Okhranka under great suspicion; they were further compromised by discovering loads of similar double agents-provocateur.
	arikah.com /encyclopedia/Okhranka (831 words)

	The Bankruptcy of Terrorism
		In the course of his work as an agent-provocateur, Azef had even been responsible for the assassination of the Minister of the Department of State which employed him.
		His 'case' is known to one and all from the legal newspapers and from accounts of the Duma debates over the demand raised by Duma deputies for an interpellation about Azef.
		And that is precisely why the collapse of the Combat Organization as a result of a police conspiracy inevitably means the political collapse of the party as well.
	www.socialistalternative.org /literature/terrorism/ch2.html (1251 words)

	Russian Roulette
		EVNO AZEF (1869 - 1918) is one of the most depressing characters in the history of the Russian revolution and a fairly unlikely hero in a musical comedy.
		He was the leader of the Social Revolutionary Party's group for direct action, the largest terror organisation of his time.
		I have also read Burtsev's own report on his investigation, and Konni Zilliacus's account of Azef's contacts with activists in Finland.
	www.yle.fi /radioteatern/english/1997/rulett.htm (619 words)

	Middle East Open Encyclopedia: Okhrana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		The Okhrank is notoriously known for its agents provocateurs—Dr. Jacob Zhitomirsky (a leading Bolshevik and close associate of Vladimir Lenin), Yevno Azef, and Dmitry Bogrov.
		Of note is the Bloody Sunday event, when imperial guards killed hundreds of unarmed workers who were peacefully marching during a protest organized by an Okhrana agent provocateur, Father Gapon.
		The assassination of Stolypin and the Azef case put the methods of the Okhranka under great suspicion; they were further compromised by discovering loads of similar double agents-provocateur.
	www.baghdadmuseum.org /ref/index.php?title=Okhrana (885 words)

	Books By Richard E. Rubenstein
		Comrade Valentine: The True Story Of Azef The Spy (1994) is the biography of Yevno Azef, a master of intrigue who was simultaneously Russia’s greatest revolutionary terrorist and a top agent of the czar’s secret police.
		In 1908, he came close to orchestrating the death of Czar Nicholas II himself.
		At the same time, Azef betrayed many of his terrorist comrades to the police - a practice that eventually led to his "trial" in Paris by a revolutionary tribunal headed by the famous anarchist, Prince Kropotkin, and a daring flight to freedom.
	www.richrubenstein.com /books.html (1237 words)

	Russian Chronology, 1907-1908
		Dec.05-14 > The trial of the RSDRP deputies of the Third Duma; twenty-five are exiled or imprisoned
		The fall of SR terrorist chief/police agent Yevno Azef:
		May.--- > The SR exonerates Azef of vague charges of being a police spy - although in fact he is one
	cnparm.home.texas.net /Nat/Rus/Rus05.htm (2698 words)

	American Chronicle: PERPETUATING TERROR: THE AZEF-VERLOC SYNDROME (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Both were poignant examples of the incredible lengths to which Government Secret Servants went in confronting waves of Anarchist violence at the start of the 20th century by use of the agent provocateur.
		Most amazing of these was Yevno Azef, a poor Russian Jew who became, first, a revolutionary sworn to overthrow the Czarist regime, and then, a well-paid secret police spy, encouraged by government pay-masters to lead fellow revolutionaries in acts of terror so that the police would be justified in arresting his accomplices.
		Many books have been written trying to understand Azef's true motives.
	www.americanchronicle.com /articles/viewArticle.asp?articleID=12991 (1536 words)

	Okhranka - meaning of word
		The Okhranka is notoriously known for its agent provocateurs—Dr. Jacob Zhitomirsky (a leading Bolshevik and close associate of Vladimir Lenin), Yevno Azef, and Dmitry Bogrov.
		Of note is the Bloody Sunday 1905 event, when imperial guards killed hundreds of unarmed workers who were peacefully marching during a protest organized by an Okhranka agent provocateur, Father Gapon.
		The assassination of Stolypin and the Yevno Azef case put the methods of the Okhranka under great suspicion; they were further compromised by dicrovering loads of similar double agents-provocateur.
	wordsonline.org /Okhranka (892 words)

	Russia, 1904-1914 - Biographies and Glossary
		He was already active on the left when he willingly became a police agent in 1893.
		A key figure in the SR from its founding in 1901; he controlled its Battle Organization from 1903, and organized many spectacular acts of terror (including the assassination of Interior Minister Plehve in 1904: Azef in effect murdered his own boss); at the same time he betrayed many of his revolutionary colleagues.
		Son of a Czarist official; joined the SR Battle Organization under Azef in 1903; involved in the assassinations of Plehve in 1904, of Grand Duke Sergei in 1905, and others.
	cnparm.home.texas.net /Nat/Rus/RusBios.htm (6118 words)

	Yevno Azef - Free net encyclopedia
		Evno Fishelevich Azef was born in Lyskovo in 1869 to a poor Jewish family.
		Richard E. Rubenstein - Comrade Valentine: The True Story of Azef the Spy--The Most Dangerous Man in Russia at the Time of the Last Czars (Harcourt Brace and Company 1994)de:Jewno Fischelewitsch Asef
		This page was last modified 14:57, 15 April 2006.
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/Yevno_Azef (564 words)

	Taleon Club - The 8-th Issue
		He might lounge on his divan for hours, smoking his pipe and sadly repeating, "No war!
		Yevno Azef: the peak of horror and infamy
		There was, it means, something in him that set him apart from the ranks of Judases no less vile, but even more paltry.
	www.taleon.ru /en/Page2020.htm (307 words)

	[No title]
		That book described the life of Yevno Azef, a police informer who infiltrated various revolutionary groups, beginning in 1893.
		Later Azef created his own terrorist operations within the revolutionary movement.
		Azef's secret police bosses, "actually encouraged him in Bomb Plots." He was given a free hand to undertake any level of destruction as long as the secret police were kept informed.
	www.israelect.com /reference/WillieMartin/Terrorists.htm (19139 words)

	The revolution of 1905-06 (from Russia) -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		This use of double agents (or agents provocateurs, as they were often known) did much to demoralize both the revolutionaries and the police and to undermine the reputation of both with the public at large.
		The nadir was reached in 1908, when it was disclosed that Yevno Azef, longtime head of the terrorist wing of the Socialist Revolutionary Party, was also an employee of the department of police and had for years been both betraying his revolutionary colleagues and organizing the murders of his official superiors.
		The split in the Social Democratic Party was deepened by the failure of the 1905 revolution.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-38550 (1560 words)

	Chronology of Soviet secret police agencies
		The Okhrana is notoriously known for its agents provocateurs, including Dr. Jacob Zhitomirsky (a leading Bolshevik and close associate of Vladimir Lenin), Yevno Azef, and Dmitry Bogrov.
		The Okhrana tried to compromise labour movement by creating police-run trade unions, the practice known as zubatovshchina.
		The assassination of Stolypin and the Azef case put the methods of the Okhrana under great suspicion; they were further compromised by discovering loads of similar double agents-provocateur.
	www.libraryoflibrary.com /E_n_c_p_d_Chronology_of_Soviet_secret_police_agencies.html (1415 words)

	Gapon - Who was he? What were the consequences of Bloody Sunday?
		In fact, it was this attempt — and the revelation that Gapon was still in touch with the tsar’s police from abroad — that spawned the plot to murder Gapon.
		And one of the four plotters, Yevno Azef, was himself revealed in 1908 to be an Okhrana double agent.
		You are really going to have to do better than simply labeling Gapon and Rutenberg “pals” to build a case that Gapon ever became truly committed to revolution.
	forum.alexanderpalace.org /index.php?topic=9130.msg246751 (2439 words)

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