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	Yibbum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Yibbum (pronounced "yee-boom") or Levirate marriage, in Judaism, is commonly translated as "levirate" marriage, one of the most complex types of marital unions mandated by Torah law, and which is not presently practiced in its full application.
		In Jewish law, Halakha, today, Yibbum is not permited and therefore the ceremony of Chalitza must be performed in front of a ten man Beth Din (court of Jewish religious law).
		A famous instance involving a symbolic case of both Chalitza and Yibbum is recounted in the Book of Ruth when after the death of her husband, Ruth is rejected by an anonymous Ploni Almoni, and is noticed, welcomed and eventually turns to her husband's remaining kinsman Boaz.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Yibbum (1019 words)

	Yibbum : search word (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		A famous case involving a symbolic case of both Chalitza and Yibbum is recounted in the Book of Ruth when after the death of her husband, Ruth is rejected by an anonymous Ploni Almoni, and is noticed, welcomed and eventually turns to her husband's remaining kinsman Boaz.
		The Biblical significance of Yibbum is emphasized by various Judaic teachings that the Jewish messiah will be directly descended from both Judah and Tamar as well as through Ruth andBoaz.
		It was surely funny the way your mind would keep doing things you silver coin out in his hand, he had merely wished to regard it as a indeed it looked to be under a not-too-minute scrutiny.
	www.searchword.org /yi/yibbum.html (1297 words)

	ruth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		In other words, this hints that yibbum was at the heart of Lot's daughters' attempts to revive their father's seed and rebuild the name of the family that perished.
		Yibbum in all three cases is the solution to the problem, but in all three cases, the yibbum is irregular.
		We do not find here a standard case of yibbum between the brother of the deceased and the widow; rather, we have a father (Lot) with his daughter, a father (Yehuda) with his daughter-in-law, and the father's brother (Boaz) with the father's daughter-in-law.
	www.vbm-torah.org /shavuot/ruth.htm (1805 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Ramban (ad loc.) d isagrees with Rashi and maintains even though the purpose of yibbum is to remember the deceased brother, there is no mitzva to name the child for his uncle.
		However, due to the importance and value of yibbum, the Torah allowed a brother to marry his sister-in-law, if her husband had left no progeny.
		Since she intended to fulfill the mi tzva of yibbum, it was permissible for her to have relations with Yehuda, her father-in-law.
	www.vbm-torah.org /archive/mitzva/09vayeshev.rtf (1127 words)

	Jewish Law - Commentary/Opinion - The Brilliant Wisdom of King Solomon
		Yibbum is a Halachic rite which must be performed when a man who has a living brother dies childless.
		If this uncommon situation occurs, the widow must not remarry unless one of two actions are taken - either she must marry the brother of the deceased or she must be released from the obligation of marrying her brother-in-law by having him perform the Chalitzah ("removing" of the shoe) ceremony.
		The living child was her son's child, and a grandchild exempts one from Yibbum (Rule #2).
	www.jlaw.com /Commentary/solomon.html (2942 words)

	Sotah 050 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Having already discussed two biblical texts concerning Yibbum and ĥalitzah we can now turn our attention to the third, which is generally held by modern scholars to be the latest in terms of historical development.
		The halakhic problem is that levirate marriage is a requirement of the Torah and the ceremony described in our quotation from Deuteronomy is also required in order to release the parties from the liaison caused by the death of the woman's husband.
		The term used for levirate marriage in Hebrew is 'Yibbum', and the term used for the 'divorce' ceremony is 'ĥalitzah'.
	www.bmv.org.il /shiurim/sotah/sot050.html (953 words)

	MyJewishLearning.com - Texts: Seder Nashim (Women)
		Yibbum (pl. yevamot) is levirate marriage, necessitated by the plight of a woman whose husband dies without leaving a son as heir.
		Deuteronomy 25: 5-10 and Ruth 4 provide biblical examples of the conditions requiring yibbum and possible implementation of halitzah, a ritual whereby a brother of the deceased husband cancels his obligation to wed the widow and is shamed publicly for this decision.
		While the obligation of a surviving brother-in-law to marry his dead brother's wife ostensibly serves the family of the deceased, allowing them to maintain his property and perpetuate his name, it also serves the widow directly.
	myjewishlearning.com /texts/talmud/Overview_The_Mishnah/SederNashim.htm (1362 words)

	Tamar
		It was as a result of this sin, the spilling of his seed, that Er died at a young age.
		Yibbum is performed in situations when a man dies without having children.
		He saw the first intimacy as the rite of Yibbum and felt that further contact was not necessary.
	www.eisheschayil.com /private/history/tamar.htm (3312 words)

	Avodah V4 #275
		I'm aware, i think, that a 1950ish rabbanut takkonoh forbade yibbum and, pursuant to israeli legalities which vest the rabbanut with such powers in matrimonial matters, the chalitzah may now be enforced through the legalsuasion of the secular courts.
		The man provided evidence to the Court that in his commnity, the belief was prevalent that one who performed haliza instead of yibbum would die within the year.
		They stated that even without the Edict, a married man with children should not be allowed to perform "yibbum", especially since the respondent was considerably older than the "shomeret yavam".
	www.aishdas.org /avodah/vol04/v04n275.shtml (3716 words)

	Moment Message Boards (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The Rabbis never said that Yibbum no longer is required, or that if performed it would not work.
		The Torah does not require Yibbum, it merely requires one of the two options.
		I was commenting on your citation of the Talmudic discussion about Yibbum as a support for radical departure from standard halacha.
	www.momentmag.com /wwwboard/messages/1406.shtml (662 words)

	Yibum question - Hashkafah.com
		One of them was how comes when a man dies we make his wife do yibbum to keep a continuation of his name but when a woman dies we do'nt care?
		So while she can bemoan the fact that women didn't have equal opportunities 3000 years ago she cannot fault the Torah for providing for a widow without ties in the customary fashion when she would have been unable to fend for herself without this mitzvah.
		Yibbum is not only about the sheivet and family identity, it's also about their effects on the nachalah, the inherited portion of Israel.
	www.hashkafah.com /index.php?showtopic=2492 (861 words)

	Reb Chaim HaQoton: Relations of Humankind (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		This is because HaShem specifically wanted the brother to perform Yibbum and not any other relative because the Cabbalistic outcome is greater, and simply because it was more common for a brother-in-law to perform the marriage (as Onan did) than for a father-in-law (like Yehuda) to do so.
		The simple explanation of Yehuda’s marriage should be that he acquired his daughter-in-law as a wife through a legal means with his initial intercourse with her even though it was unintentional.
		Obviously, Yehuda had no idea that he was cohabitating with his daughter-in-law when he met a harlot on his way to Timnah to shear his sheep (as a form on consolation on his recent loss of his wife Shua).
	rchaimqoton.blogspot.com /2006/01/relations-of-humankind.html (3001 words)

	Mordechai Torczyner's WebShas - Index to the Talmud: Marital Issues: Levirate Marriage - Yibbum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Please note that "Yibbum" is the Hebrew term for "Levirate Marriage."
		If one of the males eligible for Yibbum, engages her sister before Yibbum is done: Megillah 18b
		The former co-wife of a Woman who did the Yibbum and now claims that there were no sexual relations: Yevamot 112a
	www.aishdas.org /webshas/ishus/yibbum/proc.htm (190 words)

	Halakhic Sensitivity to the Psychotic Individual: the Shoteh / Rael Strous, M.D.
		According to Tosafot, the inability of the shoteh to perform halitsa is due to his lack of the intellectual faculties needed to make sense of all the regulations inherent in the process.
		That the shoteh may perform yibbum but cannot marry is not related to any intrinsic ability to perform the act of yibbum, but rather from the fact that the woman was married to his sane brother.
		Similarly, the sane wife of a shoteh is not liable to yibbum or halitsa since their marriage had no legal standing in the first place (mi-pnei she-ein lahem ishut kelal).
	www.daat.ac.il /daat/kitveyet/assia_english/strous-1.htm (3189 words)

	Between The Fish & The Soup
		The Mitzvah of Yibbum — propagating the family line of a deceased member - is for the brothers, never for the father.
		The Ramban describes the act of Yibbum — by which the soul of the dead brother gets a new life - as one of the great mysteries of the Torah.
		He writes that even before the Torah was revealed on Mount Sinai, people knew of the spiritual benefits of Yibbum, and in those early times this obligation could be carried out by other relatives, in addition to the brothers.
	www.shemayisrael.co.il /parsha/solomon/archives/vayeishev61.htm (1999 words)

	Middle East Open Encyclopedia: Yibbum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		This is an extract from The Middle East Open Encyclopedia, made possible through the Wikimedia Foundation.
		Iraq Museum International always displays the most recent published revision of the source article, Yibbum; all previous versions may be viewed here.
		They link directly to authoring tools for you to start writing a particular article.
	www.baghdadmuseum.org /ref?title=Yibbum (1143 words)

	Congregation Ohave Shalom, Young Israel of Pawtucket, RI
		There is a second type of Yibbum which pre-dates the giving of the Torah at Sinai, and this was a "tribal" form of Yibbum in which members of a family would take care of women who had been widowed, by marrying them and taking them into their home (Ramban Bereishis 38:8).
		It is even possible to consider her selection of Yehudah as an extension of the form of levirate marriage [Yibbum] performed in those days, where a male family member would marry a widow and support her.
		Yehudah was not her brother-in-law; Ramban (38:8) comments that this was actually a practice termed "Geulah." The practice may have antedated Yehudah and Tamar, or this may have been the first case, but either way the practice was for some other permissible family member to marry a childless widow and support her.
	www.members.tripod.com /~ohave/chumash/tamar.htm (5819 words)

	Torah.org - The Judaism Site
		According to Torah law, if a married man dies childless, one of his brothers must marry his widow.
		The Torah permits it only when the brother died childless, and it must be done with the sole intention of fulfilling the Torah's commandment.
		The Rabbis have ruled that people nowadays aren't capable of having such pure intentions; for this reason, marriage to a brother's widow (Yibbum) is no longer allowed, and Chalitzah is always performed instead.
	www.torah.org /qanda/seequanda.php?id=377 (176 words)

	Old Testament Transactions - Encyclopedia FunTrivia
		There are laws in the book of Deuteronomy regarding "Yibbum".
		The marriage of a woman to her late husbands brother or closest relative, should she not have children.
		Refusal to go through the Yibbum process would bring shame to the families involved.
	www.funtrivia.com /en/subtopics/Old-Testament-Transactions-172452.html (570 words)

	Blechner College - About Blechner College (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		In the event that a man dies without children his wife needs to either marry his brother (in a marriage ceremony called yibbum) or to divorce him (in a ceremony called chalitza).
		His young widow was then left with the need to perform chalitza with her brother-in-law (since in our time we do not, as a rule, perform yibbum).
		One brother -in-law was a convert to Christianity and the other was an atheist.
	www.yhol.org.il /features/fischman/parsha/bo65.htm (707 words)

	Home » Religion » The Dodecagamist
		Finally, the gemara asks a question relevant to the aforementioned case of the yibbum involving 12 widows.
		This would presumably be the Rabbinic yibbum betrothal called maamar, but alternatively would be not having all those children.
		However, here, each of them {the 12 widows} were fit {and waiting} to do yibbum {and thus there was an obligation to either do real yibbum or else do chalitza.}
	www.jewishblogging.com /blog.php?bid=6588 (1026 words)

	Sotah 074 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The Torah places a duty on a surviving brother to marry his deceased brother's childless widow.
		Such a union is termed levirate marriage [Yibbum].
		(The alternative, where the brother-in-law formalizes the connection with his sister-in-law into marriage is termed Yibbum.
	www.bmv.org.il /shiurim/sotah/sot074.html (968 words)

	Parashat Shemot - Special Features - Meaning in Mitzvot - OU.ORG
		Yet sometimes removing the shoes seems to have the opposite symbolism, one of degradation.
		The brother who declines yibbum with his brother’s widow is subjected to the seeming humiliation of having his shoe removed as she spits in his face (Devarim 25:9).
		We learn from Yechezkel that a mourner is obligated to remove his shoes as an expression of his sorrow.
	www.ou.org /torah/tt/5761/shemot61/specialfeatures_mitzvot.htm (807 words)

	Babylonian Talmud: Sanhedrin 18
		This obligation could, however, be avoided by the ceremony of Halizah, which was recommended later in Talmudic times in preference to yibbum (v.
		In case, therefore, intercalation has been prompted by a reason other than the readjusting of the seasons, the weather will vary according to the months.
		That the High Priest may not perform Yibbum.
	www.come-and-hear.com /structure3.html (1864 words)

	Mishneh Torah Vol. 18: Hilchot Yibbum, Chalitza, Naarah Betulah & Sotah - Mile Chai Jewish Books and Judaica
		18: Hilchot Yibbum, Chalitza, Naarah Betulah and Sotah
		This volume describes laws which are not practiced at the present and will not be practiced until the coming of the Redemption.
		Mile Chai Jewish Books Judaica and Everything to make your home kosher - Torah - Judaism copyright 2002
	www.milechai.com /text1/Hilchot-yibbum.html (131 words)

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