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Topic: Yiddish language

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Yiddish words and phrases used by English speakers

	Yiddish Language - MSN Encarta
		Yiddish was the international language of Jews from Central and Eastern Europe until the middle of the 20th century.
		Detailed history of the language The language was born sometime around the 10th century (c.1100) when Jews from northern France and northern Italy settled in the Rhineland.
		Yiddish is a highly plastic and assimilative language, rich in idioms, and possessing remarkable freshness, pithiness, and pungency.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761553079/Yiddish_Language.html (770 words)

	Yiddish language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Western Yiddish dialect began to decline in the 18th century, as The Enlightenment and the Haskalah led to the German view that Yiddish was a corrupt form of their language.
		Yiddish emerged as the national language of a large Jewish community in Eastern Europe that rejected Zionism and sought to obtain Jewish cultural autonomy in Europe.
		Yiddish is also widely spoken in smaller Haredi communities in such the ones as London, Antwerp and Montreal.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Yiddish_language (3503 words)

	Jewish Language Research Website: Yiddish
		Yiddish has sometimes been described as a dialect of German, probably because in many cases the Yiddish and German versions of a word are similar, if not almost identical, and because the two languages have a common ancestor in Middle High German.
		The usual Yiddish sentence follows the Germanic 'verb-second' rule, viz., the inflected verb (or auxiliary) is the second constituent in the sentence, although the inflected verb or auxiliary appears first in certain constructions, such as yes/no questions and consequent clauses.
		Yiddish books are also published or distributed by the Jewish Book Center of the Workmen's Circle and YIVO Institute for Jewish Research.
	www.jewish-languages.org /yiddish.html (3629 words)

	AllRefer.com - Yiddish language (Language And Linguistics) - Encyclopedia
		Yiddish language[yid´ish] Pronunciation Key, a member of the West Germanic group of the Germanic subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages (see Germanic languages; German language).
		Although it is not a national language, Yiddish is spoken as a first language by approximately 5 million Jews all over the world, especially in Argentina, Canada, France, Israel, Mexico, Romania, the United States, and the republics of the former USSR.
		Among the best-known writers in Yiddish literature are Sholem Aleichem, I. Peretz, Isaac Meier Dik, and Isaac Bashevis Singer, the first writer in the language to be awarded (1978) the Nobel Prize in Literature.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/Y/Yiddishl.html (538 words)

	Yiddish (Site not responding. Last check: )
		However, the two languages are not mutually comprehensible; Yiddish grammar is quite different from that of German as a result of contact with Slavic languages; Yiddish is culturally distinct from German; Yiddish and German have not shared the same territory for many centuries.
		It was one of the official languages of the Belarusian SSR, and was used as a medium of education in Poland.
		It remains the everyday language only in a few Orthodox and Hasidic communities In recent years, as a result of renewed interest in Ashkenazi culture, Yiddish language courses are being taught in universities and Jewish cultural organizations.
	www.nvtc.gov /lotw/months/december/Yiddish.html (1674 words)

	The Language (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Yiddish (meaning "Jewish") arose between the 9th and 12th centuries in southwestern Germany as an adaptation of Middle High German dialects to the special needs of Jews.
		Yiddish exists in two groups of dialects, one of which is further subdivided.
		Yiddish is a highly plastic and assimilative language, rich in idioms, and possessing remarkable freshness, pithiness, and pungency.
	www.bergen.org /AAST/Projects/Yiddish/English/language.html (657 words)

	Learn Yiddish Language - Free Conversational Yiddish Lessons Online - Common Yiddish Words and Phrases (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Phrasebase drastically simplifies the language learning process by prioritizing the various components of learning and focusing your study efforts on the areas of greatest importance.
		The key is to immerse yourself in the language and use it as often as possible in order to build up your skills of speaking it and listening to it, understanding and comprehending it...
		Yiddish Language Exchange Pen-Pals - Community of people from around the world interested in teaching you their language and sharing their culture with you.
	www.phrasebase.com /learn/yiddish.php (1866 words)

	What is Yiddish? (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Yiddish language, member of the West Germanic group of the Germanic subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages.
		Although it is not a national language, Yiddish is spoken by about 4 million Jews all over the world, especially in Argentina, Canada, France, Israel, Mexico, Romania, and the U.S. Before the annihilation of 6 million Jews by the Nazis, Yiddish was the tongue of more than 11 million people.
		Yiddish, although it is not a national language, is spoken by Jews all over the world.
	www.bergen.org /AAST/Projects/Yiddish/English/yiddish.html (155 words)

	Judaism 101: Yiddish Language and Culture
		Yiddish was never a part of Sephardic Jewish culture (the culture of the Jews of Spain, Portugal, the Balkans, North Africa and the Middle East).
		Yiddish is referred to as "mame loshn" ("loshn" rhymes with "caution"), which means "mother tongue," although it is not entirely clear whether this is a term of affection or derision.
		Yiddish was viewed in much the same way that people today view Ebonics (in fact, I have heard Yiddish jokingly referred to as "Hebonics"), with one significant difference: Ebonics is criticized mostly by outsiders; Yiddish was criticized mostly by Jews who had spoken it as their native language.
	www.jewfaq.org /yiddish.htm (4747 words)

	Yiddish Translation - Translate Yiddish Language Translator
		The language arose in central Europe between the 9th and 12th centuries as an amalgam of Middle High German dialects that also borrowed heavily from Hebrew/Aramaic terms found in traditional Jewish literature and from the Romance languages.
		One curious aspect of the language is that it uses Latin derivatives for many of its words relating to religious rituals, apparently borrowing the terminology from Old French as spoken in Alsace and used by the Catholic Church.
		The late 19th century and early 20th century are widely considered the Golden Age of Yiddish literature; this period also coincides with the revival of Hebrew as a spoken language, and the revival of Hebrew literature.
	www.translation-services-usa.com /languages/yiddish.shtml (1280 words)

	The History and Development of Yiddish
		Unlike most languages, which are spoken by the residents of a particular area, or by members of a particular nationality, Yiddish, at the height of its usage, was spoken by millions of Jews of different nationalities all over the globe.
		The fact that the Jews had a language of their own that was not understood by outsiders made it easy to separate themselves by developing a highly centralized economic and cultural life.
		Yiddish, and to a lesser extent, Hebrew, were the media of choice for this fledgling culture.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/History/yiddish.html (1886 words)

	Machers Directory: Jewish: Yiddish - The Yiddish Culture, Language and Music (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Yiddish Event Guide - A useful list of Yiddish programs, organized as a public service by Raphael Finkel, providing annual events (recent ones as well as upcoming ones), continuing programs and academic degree programs.
		Yiddish Transliteration - Yiddish transliteration a/k/a Romanization as standardized by the YIVO Institute.
		Yiddish Virtual Library (Duesseldorf, Germany) - Introduction to Yiddish in the German language from the University of Duesseldorf, Germany.
	www.machers.com /directory/Yiddish/index.html (1311 words)

	Yiddish alphabet, pronunciation and language
		Yiddish is a Germanic language with about three million speakers, mainly Ashkenazic Jews, in the USA, Israel, Russia, Ukraine and many other countries.
		During subsequent centuries, Judeo-German gradually developed into a distinct language, Yiddish, with two main dialects: Western Yiddish, which was widely spoken in Central Europe until the 18th century, and Eastern Yiddish, which was spoken throughout Eastern Europe and Russia/USSR until World War II.
		As a result of the Holocaust, Jewish communities throughout Europe were destroyed and the use of Yiddish as an every-day language went into sudden decline.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/yiddish.htm (324 words)

	Yiddish Super Bargains, Yiddish Children's Books, Yiddish Culture & Tradition, Yiddish Desk Top Publishing, Yiddish ...
		Yiddish until recent times was the language spoken by the majority of the Jews of the world.
		Yiddish originated nearly a thousand years ago among Jewish emigrants from northern France who settled in a number of cities along the Rhine and adopted the German dialects of the area.
		Yiddish is written in Hebrew characters with the important difference that it uses letters for vowels.
	www.worldlanguage.com /Languages/Yiddish.htm?CalledFrom=210408 (506 words)

	What is Yiddish?
		Yiddish, however, is not a dialect of German but a complete language—one of a family of Western Germanic languages, that includes English, Dutch, and Afrikaans.
		The term "Yiddish" is derived from the German word for "Jewish." The most accepted (but not the only) theory of the origin of Yiddish is that it began to take shape by the 10th century as Jews from France and Italy migrated to the German Rhine Valley.
		The standards YIVO developed for Yiddish orthography, or spelling, and for the transliteration of Yiddish into English are the most commonly used by publishers and scholars.
	www.yivoinstitute.org /yiddish/yiddish.htm (654 words)

	Yiddish language — Infoplease.com
		Although it is not a national language, Yiddish is spoken as a first language by approximately 5 million Jews all over the world, especially in Argentina, Canada, France, Israel, Mexico, Romania, the United States, and the republics of the former USSR.
		Inventing Yiddish: Observations on the rise of a "debased" language.
		Bordering on lehavdl: Michael Wex, performing Yiddish, and a discourse of discomfort.(Born To Kvetch: Yiddish Language and Culture......
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/society/A0853078.html (585 words)

	Yiddish Language - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Yiddish Language - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Yiddish Language, chief vernacular of Ashkenazic Jews, who are native to, or who have antecedents in, Eastern and Central Europe.
		Language, communication among human beings that is characterized by the use of arbitrary spoken or written symbols with agreed-upon meanings.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Yiddish_Language.html (183 words)

	Bildner Center Jewish Life Rutgers Yiddish Language
		Through Yiddish you can discover the culture of the shtetl, immigrant Jewish life in America, old-world folklore, progressive Jewish politics, hasidic tales, the beginnings of modern Jewish literature, traditional women's religion— and more.
		Yiddish language courses fulfill the language requirement for the Jewish Studies major.
		Yiddish literature and culture courses count toward the requirements for the Jewish Studies major and minor; some of these courses are also cross-listed with other departments.
	jewishstudies.rutgers.edu /yiddish (105 words)

	Yiddish Language and Literature
		Yiddish language is taught at the introductory, intermediate, and advanced levels.
		Students pursuing a graduate degree in Yiddish Language and Literature are required to meet the general graduate requirements for all students pursuing graduate degrees in the Department of Near Eastern Language and Civilizations.
		Since Yiddish Studies in NELC is considered a subsection of modern Jewish studies, students take half their required courses in related areas of Hebrew literature, modern Jewish thought, liturgy, history of Eastern Europe, etc. They are also encouraged to study Slavic and German languages and cultures.
	www.fas.harvard.edu /~nelc/yiddish.html (749 words)

	The Yiddish Language Program at Duke - Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Yiddish is a language without a country, but is spoken wherever Jews of Eastern European origin and their descendants live.
		Yiddish Klezmer music is one of the most popular sounds on the contemporary music scene.
		Yiddish is a rich and colorful language that embodies over 1000 years of Jewish creativity.
	www.duke.edu /german/yiddish/intro.html (256 words)

	Yiddish - Language Information & Resources
		It is a language, or dialect, that originally arose among a community of immigrants out of the necessity of communicating with a dominant host population but which over time became the principal or even the sole means of communication within the immigrant community itself.
		In the case of Yiddish, the immigrant community’s principal shared linguistic heritage – Hebrew-Aramaic – was preserved alongside the adopted dialect, whereas in the case of Créole a fundamental diversity of linguistic heritage (multiple, mutually unintelligible African tribal languages) led to the complete displacement of the home tongues by the immigrant dialect.
		It is a literary language that has been used for translation of and commentary on the Bible as well as for the recording of religious legal proceedings.
	www.alsintl.com /languages/Yiddish.shtml (447 words)

	Yiddish.net - A comprehensive collection of links about Yiddish language, theater, art, music, literature, and culture!
		Yiddish (means "Jewish") is a Germanic language written with the Hebrew alphabet.
		Yiddish Virtual Library (Duesseldorf, Germany) - Introduction to Yiddish in the German language from the University of Duesseldorf, Germany.
		L. and Eileen Shneiderman Collection of Yiddish Books - Showcasing the lives and work of the late great writer and journalist S. Shneiderman and his wife Eileen, and the writer's book collection that is now part of the University of Maryland Library.
	yiddish.net (4997 words)

	Learn Yiddish Online - Write or Speak in Yiddish Language Exchange
		A language exchange complements other forms of learning such as classroom, cultural immersion and multimedia, because you get to practice all that you have learned with native speakers in a safe and supportive environment.
		Language exchange learning is also inexpensive because we provide free tips and conversation lesson plans that allow you to do a language exchange on your own.
		Add your profile to the language exchange community and let others contact you to for language exchange learning.
	www.mylanguageexchange.com /Learn/Yiddish.asp (1044 words)

	Ethnologue 14 report for language code:YDD
		The following is the entry for this language as it appeared in the 14th edition (2000).
		Western Yiddish originated in Germany, Holland, Switzerland, Alsace (France), Czecholovakia, western Hungary, and is nearing extinction.
		Of the 1,811,000 Jewish people listed in the 1979 USSR census, the majority spoke Russian as their first language and virtually all others spoke Russian as their second language.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_language.asp?code=YDD (252 words)

	The Yiddish Music Hall:Yiddish Resources
		This program offers peerless instruction in Yiddish language and an in-depth exploration of the literature and culture of Eastern European Jews and their descendants throughout the world.
		A mailing list for people wishing to use and learn the Yiddish language.The aim of this mailing list is to provide Yiddish learners from all over the world with a forum where they can try out and improve their linguistic skills by interacting with one another or with other fluent Yiddish speakers over the Internet.
		This discussion group, launched by the Dora Teitelboim Center for Yiddish Culture, provides an opportunity to all members to upload their writings, discuss their ideas, alert members to events across the world, discuss published literature, art, music and education and generally shmooze about important issues concerning Jewish and Yiddish culture.
	www.savethemusic.com /yiddish/resources.html (983 words)

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