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Topic: Yogh

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Anglian language

Eth (letter)

Ezh

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Velar consonant

English alphabet

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Ynglis language

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Voiceless alveolar lateral fricative

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	Take Our Word For It, page one - Spotlight
		We are missing at least three letters: thorn, edh and yogh, all of which were present in Old English script.
		While we might think of it as a t with a curly tail or a g with a flat hat, the Scots looked at surviving yoghs and saw them as being a variant form of z.
		Hence the curious spellings of the name Menzies and the bird known as the capercailzie, in neither of which is the z pronounced.
	www.takeourword.com /TOW142/page1.html (563 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Yogh (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Yogh (Ȝ ȝ) is a letter used in Middle English, representing y = SAMPA /j/ and various velar phonemes.
		Yogh is shaped like the Arabic numeral 3, which is sometimes substituted for the character in online reference works.
		Sometimes, yogh stood for /j/ or /w/, e.g.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/yo/Yogh (217 words)

	Gatorsports.com :: 100 years of Gator Football
		The letter yogh (; Middle English:) was used in Middle English and Middle Scots, representing y () and various velar phonemes.
		It was the Normans whose scribes despised non-Latin characters and certain spellings in English and therefore replaced the yogh with the gh">digraph gh; still, the variety of pronunciations elaborated, as evidenced by cough, trough, and though.
		In Unicode 1.0 the character yogh was mistakenly unified with the quite different character Ezh (), and yogh itself was not added to Unicode until version 3.0.
	www.gatorsports.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?template=wiki&text=yogh (963 words)

	Toronto Catalog (Site not responding. Last check: )
		It was the Normans whose scribes despised non-Latin characters and certain spellings in English and therefore replaced the yogh with the digraph gh; still, the variety of pronunciations elaborated, as evidenced by cough, trough, and though.
		The process of replacing the yogh with gh was slow, and was not fully completed until the end of the fifteenth century.
		Because the shape of the yogh was identical to some forms of the handwritten letter z, the z replaced the yogh in many Scottish words when the printing press was introduced.
	www.torontopost.biz /Info/?Yogh (820 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Yogh
		Yogh is a letter used in Middle English and Middle Scots, representing y (IPA) and various velar phonemes.
		Sometimes, yogh stood for [j] or [w], as in the word ȝoȝelinge /ˈjaʊlɪŋge/ = yowling.
		In medieval Cornish manuscripts, yogh is used to represent the interdental fricative: ȝoȝo, now written dhodho, pronounced [ðoðo].
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Yogh (541 words)

	Yogh
		Yogh is shaped like the Arabic numeral three (3), which is sometimes substituted for the character in online reference works.
		In medieval Cornish manuscripts, yogh is used to represent the interdental fricative:, now written dhodho, pronounced.
		In Unicode 1.0 the character yogh was mistakenly unified with the quite different character Ezh (), and yogh was not correctly added to Unicode until Unicode 3.0.
	www.ufaqs.com /wiki/en/yo/Yogh.htm (344 words)

	Ezh (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In Unicode 1.0 the character was mistakenly unified with the quite different character Yogh, which was not added to Unicode until Unicode 4.0.
		Ezh as a letter does not appear in any written language, current or historical: Yogh was used in the old English alphabet.
		To differentiate between ezh and yogh further, the Oxford University Press and the Early English Text Society extend the uppermost tip of the 3 into a little curvature upward.
	www.guajara.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/e/ez/ezh.html (195 words)

	Omnipelagos.com ~ article "Yogh" (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The process of replacing the yogh with gh was slow, and was not fully completed until the end of the 15th century.
		The glyph yogh can be found in surnames that start with Y in Scotland and Ireland, such as the surname Yeoman and sometimes spelled.
		These are words which contain the letter yogh in their spellings.
	www.omnipelagos.com /entry?n=yogh (618 words)

	Yogh - InformationBlast
		Yogh is a letter used in Middle English, representing y (SAMPA /j/) and various velar phonemes.
		In Middle English, yogh stood for the phoneme /x/ as in ni3t (night, then still pronounced as spelled: /nixt/ ['nIçt]).
		In Unicode 1.0 the character Yogh was mistakenly unified with the quite different character Ezh (Ʒ/ʒ;), and Yogh was not correctly added to Unicode until Unicode 4.0.
	www.informationblast.com /Yogh.html (271 words)

	The Sunday Mail - NEWS - YOGH GOT TO BE KIDDING
		The z represents the old yogh and the pronunciation, regardless of spelling, was normally Dee-ell.
		The z, as in Dalziel and Menzies, is not a true z but again the old Scots letter yogh, which is substituted by a z in type.
		Linguist Dr Dominic Watt, of Aberdeen University, said: "Yogh was pronounced as a very soft 'ch', as in loch, and was written like the old copperplate-style 'z' with a tail.
	www.sundaymail.co.uk /news/tm_objectid=16585836&method=full&siteid=64736&headline=yogh-got-to-be-kidding--name_page.html (490 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Magazine \| Why is Menzies pronounced Mingis?
		The rise of printing in the 16th Century coincided with the decline of the yogh, and so it tended to be rendered in print as a "z", and pronounced as such.
		The yogh takes a softer "y" sound in the word capercaillie, the name of a large grouse, which the Oxford English Dictionary spells "capercailye" or "capercailzie".
		The yogh owes its origin to the Irish scribes who arrived in Saxon Britain in the 8th Century and began teaching the Anglo Saxons to write - before this, old English was written in runes, says Ms Robinson.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/magazine/4595228.stm (1358 words)

	The character yogh
		The character yogh as a potential source for scribal error is described in Burchfield 1953.
		Burchfield’s account of the stroke sequence of the yogh requires some qualification, however.
		Harris (1995) does not describe Orm’s yogh, but specifies the stroke sequence of a as 1+2 in Early Gothic (p.
	www.english.su.se /nlj/ormproj/fonts/yogh.htm (183 words)

	NTU Info Centre: Yogh (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Yogh (Ȝ ȝ) is a letter used in Middle English and Middle Scots, representing y (IPA /j/) and various velar phonemes.
		It was the Normans whose scribes despised non‐Latin characters and certain spellings in English and therefore replaced the yogh in words with the letters gh; still, the variety of pronunciations elaborated, as evidenced by cough, trough, and though.
		In Unicode 1.0 the character yogh was mistakenly unified with the quite different character Ezh
	www.nowtryus.net /article:Yogh (318 words)

	Old English / Anglo-Saxon
		The alternate forms of g and w (yogh and wynn/wen respectively) were based on the letters used at the time of writing Old English.
		Yogh originated from an insular form of g and wynn/wen came from a runic letter and was used to represent the non-Latin sound of [ w ].
		Yogh came to represent [ ç ] or [ x ].
	www.omniglot.com /writing/oldenglish.htm (588 words)

	Yogh sur l'encyclopédie Recherche.fr (Site not responding. Last check: )
		siècle) yogh, comme les autres lettres germaniques, disparaît progressivement, remplacé par g, y ou gh en fin de mot, en partie parce que cette lettre était inconnue des usages écrits apportés par les scribes anglo-normands.
		La lettre yogh ne sert en fait que très peu aux linguistes : ceux-ci préféreront en effet utiliser un symbole moins ambigu, comme j ou χ (consulter Transcription des langues germaniques), etc. En revanche, c'est en philologie, dans la translittération des manuscrits, qu'il trouve tout son sens.
		Michael Everson, On the derivation of YOGH and EZH, document soumis à l'ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2 N1549, publié en ligne, 1997.
	www.recherche.fr /encyclopedie/Yogh (1064 words)

	News \| Telegraph
		The yogh, pronounced "yog", used to be written a bit like the old copperplate-style "z" with a tail.
		The yogh owes its origin to the Irish scribes who arrived in Saxon Britain in the 8th century.
		It fell out of favour with the Normans, but the Scottish retained the yogh in personal and place names, albeit mutating into a "z" to please typesetters of the day.
	www.telegraph.co.uk /news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2006/01/12/nlib212.xml (277 words)

	Digital Medievalist: Scéla (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The yogh, along with the thorn, another of the four special medieval English characters, is used in
		I'm not sure why there isn't yogh, but there's a very good discussion of why there should be a yogh in Unicode by Michael Everson.
		I'm not alone in my desperate craving for a proper Unicode yogh; you can see some of the efforts others dealing with manuscripts on the web have had to make in order to substitute for the yogh.
	www.digitalmedievalist.com /news/2004/02/i-want-my-yogh.html (211 words)

	Yogh and Ash and Thorn
		Remember you are mortal too, like yogh and ash and thorn.
		Into dark the passing mark of yogh and ash and thorn.
		This song arose when my husband (then boyfriend) was telling me about the great vowel shift--a linguistic event that apparently seriously changed the pronounciation of the-language-that-became-English over the course of a mere fifty years.
	www.echoschildren.org /NonCDlyrics/Yogh.html (440 words)

	Writing English
		I've managed to learn that Unicode 4.0 Latin Extended B does indeed have both an upper and a lower case yogh, a yogh is that not an ezh.
		Yogh is decimal 541 as an html entity: and#541;
		Technically, that page is using an ezh rather than a yogh, but I'm sure it's as close as you're going to get, since yogh doesn't work even in the most recent browsers.
	www.webmasterworld.com /forum21/7549.htm (563 words)

	On the derivation of YOGH and EZH
		Whereas Middle English makes use of a {yogh} grapheme (phonemic status is irrelevant to this discussion), written with the RTG, and not the FTG.
		The pronounciation of the "zh" sound in the first is written with a different character than the "g" in the other three was written in former times.
		I suspect that the RTG may be established in the typography of canonical editions of Middle English sources, and certainly may have been derived from medieval preferences for the written form of the letter.
	www.evertype.com /standards/wynnyogh/ezhyogh.html (4043 words)

	Amazon.com: yogh (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Y hooktop Y Fulfulde Is yogh Anglo-Saxon; early English 3 3...
		a kind of z, the yogh, written as 3, which represented...
		yew Modern English: Yew or yogh OERP (Yew) is on the...
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=yogh&tag=lexico&index=blended&link_code=qs&page=1 (968 words)

	Uncle Jazzbeau’s Gallimaufrey: there is no yogh in unicode
		She cooked up some great pakoras, and he gave me a sandalwood Ganesh keychain.
		I was looking for a yogh in Unicode the other day, but all I could find was ezh.
		Yogh was disunified from Ezh, and added as a seperate character, in Unicode 3.0 (2000).
	www.bisso.com /ujg_archives/000550.html (196 words)

	Digital Medievalist: Scéla (Site not responding. Last check: )
		You'd be amazed at how hard it is to find information about the yogh.
		And there are even Mac OS X fonts that support yogh as part of the Unicode character set (I particularly like Junicode).
		The problem is that the only word processor (versus text editor) for Mac OS X that supports the complete Unicode character set, and by "supports" I mean I can use Insert from the Character Palette, or hex encode the character, is Nisus Writer Express.
	www.digitalmedievalist.com /news/2004/02/more-on-yogh.html (246 words)

	Yogh
		yogh is a valid word in this word list.
		The word "yogh" uses 4 letters: G H O Y.
		List all words starting with yogh, words containing yogh or words ending with yogh
	www.morewords.com /word/yogh (184 words)

	MS Transcriptions
		Ambiguous letters, such as ‘y’ / ‘thorn’; or ‘yogh’ / ‘z’; in some manuscripts, should be interpreted according to their phonetic intentions and exceptional cases explained in the prefatory note’ (‘Notes for Editors’).
		This on-line edition, for the reasons given in the Editor's Preface, replaces lower-case ‘yogh’ by the numeral ‘3’, and upper-case ‘yogh’ by ‘3’ underlined.
		MS punctuation should be recorded in the mark-up.
	www.tei-c.org /Projects/EETS/AW-MSS.html (669 words)

	EZH (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Em Unicode 1.0 o caráter unified equivocadamente com o caráter completamente diferente Yogh, que não foi adicionado a Unicode até Unicode 3.0.
		Ezh não deve ser confundido com o Yogh : Ezh assemelha-se ' a um Z ' com uma cauda, quando Yogh se assemelhar a um numeral árabe 3 que esteja colocado parcialmente abaixo da linha de base.
		Para diferenciar-se mais mais entre o ezh e o yogh, a imprensa da universidade de oxford e a sociedade inglesa adiantada do texto estendem a ponta a mais mais alta ' do yogh ' 3 em pouca curvatura para cima.
	www.faktoport.com /wiki/pt/ez/Ezh.htm (193 words)

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