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	The First Hegelians: An Introduction, by Lawrence Stepelevich
		In this view, Young Hegelianism is not seen in its usual light -- as a confused extrapolation of Hegel's original thought carried on by visionary disciples of little originality - - but rather as a graduated philosophic response to a debilitating union of religious dogmatism and political power.
		Young Hegelianism can be said to have made one of its earliest appearances in a letter that Ludwig Feuerbach sent to Hegel in November of 1828.
		A Hegelian would soon be forced to choose to remain prudently silent on political and religious issues, and so remain without influence, as the Old Hegelians, or to speak out, and suffer academic and political repression, as the Young Hegelians.
	www.nonserviam.com /egoistarchive/Stepelevich/larry_first_hegels.html (4622 words)

	Young Hegelians - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Young Hegelians, later known as the Left Hegelians, were a group of students and young professors at the University of Berlin following Georg Hegel's death in 1831.
		The Young Hegelians were opposed to the mainstream Right Hegelians who chaired Academic departments and held other prominent positions in the university and the government.
		The Young Hegelians believed that there were still further dialectical changes to come, and that the Prussian society of the time was far from perfect as it still contained pockets of poverty, government censorship was in place, and non-Lutherans suffered from religious discrimination.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Young_Hegelians (693 words)

	Lecture 23: The Age of Ideologies (1): General Introduction
		Hegelianism so triumphed in academic circles that by the end of the century, philosophers in Britain, Italy, France and the United States could call themselves Hegelian.
		Hegelianism was the first of numerous attempts at grandiose system building in the 19th century.
		The Young Marx immersed himself in the debates of the Young Hegelians.
	www.historyguide.org /intellect/lecture23a.html (4985 words)

	Max Stirner - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		While some of the Young Hegelians were eager subscribers to Hegel's dialectical method, and attempted to apply dialectical approaches to Hegel's conclusions, the "left wing" members of the Young Hegelians, e.g.
		Stirner worked as a schoolteacher employed in an academy for young girls when he wrote his major work The Ego and Its Own, which in large part is a polemic against both Hegel and some Young Hegelians (e.g.
		Stirner's argument explores and extends the limits of Hegelian criticism, aiming his critique especially at those of his contemporaries (particularly colleagues amongst the Young Hegelians, most importantly Ludwig Feuerbach), embracing popular 'ideologies', explicitly including nationalism, statism, liberalism, socialism, communism and humanism.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Max_Stirner (3343 words)

	International Socialist Review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		After Hegel’s death in 1831, the radical Young Hegelians rejected this conclusion as absurd and instead used his emphasis on change as a justification for the democratic transformation of society.
		Both Marx and Engels were members of the Young Hegelian movement in Berlin for a time–Marx when he was a student at the University of Berlin and Engels while he was stationed in the city for his military service.
		The main criticism of the Young Hegelians is that they wrongly hold that human progress is held back primarily by illusions, mistaken ideas and false consciousness.
	www.isreview.org /issues/33/germanideology.shtml (2730 words)

	The Young Hegelian: It's No Cause for Concern (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Firstly the Hegel in 'the Young Hegelian', is intended to refer to the philosopher from whom the present author takes his cue, a philosopher who has been more misunderstood than perhaps any other.
		Secondly, the 'Young' in Young Hegelian â“ a pun on the self-proclaimed youthfulness of the author, but also a nod towards those few critics who had the insight to recognise the aforementioned "openness".
		Marx started out, like the Young Hegelians, engaged in a critique of religion, but subsequently determined that his friends had failed to explain exactly why people put their faith in God.
	younghegelian.blogspot.com /2004/05/its-no-cause-for-concern.html (900 words)

	St. Louis Hegelians (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Alcott met with the St. Louis Hegelians in 1859 and 1866 and, though treated harshly by the abrasive Brokmeyer for his vague mysticism, at his first visit he was persuaded to begin a study of Hegel’s Philosophy of History; at his second visit he became an auxiliary member of their Society.
		In this regard, the St. Louis Hegelians’ institutionalism pre-figured the social reform of the Progressive era which is typified by its acceptance of the fundamental rightness of American institutions, while the Transcendentalists’ pre-war individualism was characteristic of the Age of Jackson.
		Rejecting the myth of Hegel’s acquiescence to the Prussian status quo, the St. Louis Hegelians believed that positive freedom required them to be critical of existing social institutions by discerning the freedom-enhancing and enriching directions in which they are moving and striving to advance that movement.
	www.thoemmes.com /american/hegelian_intro.htm (5050 words)

	Ludwig Andreas Feuerbach
		The eldest son, Joseph Anselm, became a noted archaeologist and was father of the famous German painter, Anselm Feuerbach, The second son, Edward, became a professor of jurisprudence, and the third, Karl, became a mathematician after whom a proof was named.
		Rawidowicz, for example, argues that both texts are "thoroughly Hegelian." The controversy swirls around Feuerbach's use of "Vernunft," "Geist," "Aufhebung", his conception of nature, the relationship of philosophy to religion, and, in the Thoughts, the concept of love.
		The Hegelian philosophy is the last magnificent attempt to restore Christianity, which was lost and wrecked, through philosophy and, indeed, to restore Christianity — as is generally done in the modern era — by identifying it with the negation of Christianity.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/ludwig-feuerbach (13302 words)

	Marx, the Young Hegelians, and the Origins of Radical Social Theory : Dethroning the Self (Modern European Philosophy) ...
		He shows that the discussion of Hegelian politics cannot be separated from the theologico-philosophical discussion of the period.
		The progressive Hegelians' association of Christianity with anti-social egoism suggested to them that "Christian civil society" was the obstacle to the realization of a free republic in Germany or, for some of the most radical among them, the obstacle to the fulfillment of more extreme visions of post-Christian social collectivism.
		He rethinks Marx's debt to the Young Hegelians by showing that Marx's critique of bourgeois civil society and the state was as much the culmination of an earlier discourse about civil society as it was the initiation of a new one.
	www.gettextbooks.com /isbn_0521624401.html (873 words)

	H. Duthel: Thesis and Antithesis 2004 : Andorra IMC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In the eyes of conservative Hegelians and orthodox theologians, Bauer's ideological inversion was a double tragedy; not only had the dangerous Hegelians of the left gained a powerful thinker, but the conservatives had lost, in him, one of their most promising young champions.
		This Hegelian Nothing is not the substantialized Nichts of Heidegger, but only the second moment in the passage of thought from the empty concept of Being to its final goal in the fullness of Absolute Knowledge.
		As it was earlier noted, in Hegelianism, the question regarding the metaphysical priority of Being or its opposite is one that leads directly to the issue of when man's philosophic enterprise began.
	andorra.indymedia.org /print.php?id=2078 (4834 words)

	the young hegelians
		The Young Hegelians were an intellectual group whose common theme was the ongoing application of Hegel's dialectical method rather than acceptance of Hegel's philosophical conclusions.
		Of primary importance in the Young Hegelian world-view was the belief that Hegel's dialectical method implied that world-history had gone through two antithetical stages; the feeling or materialism of antiquity, and later the modernist epoch of thought in Christianity, and that it was now the philosophers' task to move on to synthetical praxis.
		In "Stirner as Hegelian", Lawrence Stepelevich argues that much of Stirner can be understood as reading the Phenomenology with the new and improved view-point that the "we" there is really the one and concrete "I".
	www.nonserviam.com /stirner/yh/main.html (1001 words)

	Freeindiamedia.com, Express your impartial, radical, grassroot views on current issues. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Favoring a more nuanced account of the relationship between the overtly political writings of the young Marx and the more theologically oriented Young Hegelians, Breckman emphasizes the continuities and shared concerns that exist between the two rather than their more commonly highlighted disparities.
		Breckman argues that this concept provides a link between theological and political disputes such that: "The Young Hegelians' rejection of Christian personalism thus furnishes us with a key to understanding their revolt against religion, monarchy, and bourgeois civil society" (10).
		Breckman argues that Marx's critiques of individualism and bourgeois civil society are best understood as emerging from his engagement with the Young Hegelian critiques of political theology in general, and Christian personalism in particular, rather than from any systematic critique of political liberalism.
	www.freeindiamedia.com /book_review/14_oct_book_review.htm (1451 words)

	Marx - The Person - Young Hegelian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		But it was not these older Hegelians or near-Hegelians who converted the young man to his new vision; it was a group of near-contemporaries, the Young Hegelians.
		These young philosophers had formed a little band of heretics who, though in many respects beholden to the master, had moved away from his teachings.
		Through them Marx was initiated into the Hegelian world system at the same time as he became a member of a group of iconoclasts who irreverently began to raise awkward and critical questions about major parts of the great man's synthesis.
	www2.pfeiffer.edu /~lridener/DSS/Marx/MARXP2.HTML (888 words)

	KARL MARX
		The Young Hegelians argued that the Prussian State was becoming increasingly more restrictive and authoritarian.
		The Young Hegelians were calling for the continuing process of dialectical negation in order to reach a higher form of government.
		The official communist position of Soviet scholars condemned this shift to the young Marx as a bourgeois attack on the theoretical foundations of communism.
	www.hoocher.com /Philosophy/marx.htm (9251 words)

	Franz Mehring: Karl Marx (Chap.2a) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		At that time Hegelian philosophy was regarded as the Prussian State philosophy and the Minister of Culture Altenstein and his Privy Councillor Johannes Schulze had taken it under their special care.
		The real leader of the Young Hegelians in Berlin was not Köppen, however, but Bruno Bauer, who was officially recognized as an orthodox pupil of the master, particularly as he had shown great speculative arrogance in an attack on Strauss’ Life of Jesus, a proceeding which earned him a vigorous rebuff from Strauss.
		The Young Hegelians were pro-Prussian, even exuberantly so, and whatever else they did which the good bourgeois of Cologne were unable to understand or found suspicious was probably regarded as harmless idiosyncrasies.
	www.marxists.org /archive/mehring/1918/marx/ch02.htm (9655 words)

	L.S. Stepelevich: Max Stirner as Hegelian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		When Stirner is considered, his Hegelian background is seldom touched upon for the obvious reason that the great majority of his commentators, academic or otherwise, are evidently unfamiliar with either philosophy in general or Hegelianism in particular.
		Paterson’s work occasionally mentions Hegel as being the source of all of the ills of Young Hegelianism in general and Stirner in particular, but does not reach back to Hegel to establish Stirner as his heir, and restricts itself mainly to explicating the content and influence of Stirnerianism.
		Although he shared their notion that Hegelianism did not end in Hegel, he rejected their new presuppositions, which took the general form that Hegelianism itself would serve as the basis of a new pursuit of ideals, would itself become an ideal.
	tmh.floonet.net /articles/maxundhegel.shtml (5727 words)

	Europe-Asia Studies: Karl Marx and the Intellectual Origins of Dialectical Materialism. - book reviews
		On his own presentation Marx's path in and out of the Young Hegelian movement is crucial for understanding his intellectual development, yet this was something that he obscured.
		Marx's self-presentation was part of the Young Hegelian tendency to emphasise rationality and Enlightenment as against mysticism and Romanticism.
		in their conflict with the Prussian authorities the Young Hegelians found it convenient to contrast Hegel's rationalism with what they held to be its opposite in the attitude of the Romantics.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3955/is_n8_v49/ai_20545812 (1485 words)

	Prometheus Books
		The first of those who set about the transforming and revisioning of the world according to Hegel's dialectical theory were called "The Young Hegelians." Today, the most recognized names among them are Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, but in their own age each of the Young Hegelians shared an equal notoriety.
		Each in turn, from Strauss with his reduction of the historical jesus into a Messianic myth, to Stirner with his uncompromising egoism, shocked every cultural convention of their age.
		The Young Hegelians retrieves some of the central writings of that troubling generation.
	www.prometheusbooks.com /site/catalog/humanity/humanity49.html (234 words)

	Karl Marx biography, information, news, links, pictures (pics) and products (author: )
		The Hegelian establishment (known as the Right Hegelians) in place at Friedrich-Wilhelms maintained that the series of historical dialectics had been completed, and that Prussian society as it existed was the culmination of all social development to date, with an extensive civil service system, good universities, industrialization, and high employment.
		The Young Hegelians with whom Marx was associated believed that there were still further dialectical changes to come, and that the Prussian society of the time was far from perfect as it still contained some pockets of poverty, government sponsored censorship and discrimination against non-Lutherans.
		The other important contribution to Marx's revision of Hegelianism was Engels' book, The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844, which led Marx to conceive of the historical dialectic in terms of class conflict and to see the modern working class as the most progressive force for revolution.
	www.popstarsplus.com /authors_karlmarx.htm (5389 words)

	The Young Hegelian
		Here at The Young Hegelian the situation was to be a staged re-encounter with Hegel's thought and that of those he influenced, stripped of the doxa and ill-repute into which that philosophy has fallen in postmodern times.
		When we fight nowadays it is to ensure our Factory Kings a bonus of thirty per cent, to strengthen the “Barons” of finance in their hold on the money market, and to keep up the rate of interest for shareholders in mines and railways.
		The redeeming feature of this programme may be that the sheer weight of historical explanation it conveys could reach an audience previously schooled only in the History Channel culture of battles, tactics and wartime heroism.
	younghegelian.blogspot.com (1728 words)

	Marxism Glossary - H (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Hegelians - the 'Left Hegelians' or 'Young Hegelians' -- An idealist trend in German philosophy in the 1830s and 1840s.
		The Young Hegelians tried to draw radical conclucsions from Hegel's philosophy to prove the necessity for a bourgeois reform of Germany.
		For a time, Feuerbach and also Marx and Engels in their youth adhered to the Young Hegelians.
	www.newyouth.com /archives/theory/glossary/h.asp (249 words)

	MarxTimeline in SocialThoughtWiki
		Here he became involved with the Young Hegelians, led by Bauer, who were more atheist than activist, but were suspected of liberal intentions.
		Marx became attracted to the activists he met when writing about labor conditions and revolutions, who convinced him that the Young Hegelians' program of shocking the bourgeoisie was insufficiently radical.
		Marx married Jenny von Westphalen, four years his elder, whose father was a socialist but the balance of whose family thought Marx beneath her station and politically incorrect.
	www.sscnet.ucla.edu /classes/cluster21/wiki/index.pl?diff=MarxTimeline (1832 words)

	Sociology 310
		Young Hegelians: A group of radical, humanist philosophers who played an important role in Marx’s intellectual development.
		With the institutionalization of religion, these ideas become separated from their human roots and projected onto alien objects (gods, demons, divine laws), which are viewed as the all-powerful creators and rulers of human beings rather than being recognized as merely the products of the human imagination.
		Later Marx came to believe that the Young Hegelians exaggerated the causal importance of religion; he believed that oppression was rooted in material relations, rather than ideas, and that religion was more a symptom than a cause of oppression.
	darkwing.uoregon.edu /~vburris/soc310/310marx.htm (1884 words)

	Marx, the Young Hegelians, and the Origins of Radical Social Theory - Cambridge University Press
		Marx, the Young Hegelians, and the Origins of Radical Social Theory
		Warren Breckman challenges the orthodox distinction drawn between the exclusively religious concerns of Hegelians in the 1830s and the sociopolitical preoccupations of the 1840s.
		He shows that there are inextricable connections between the theological, political and social discourses of the Hegelians in the 1830s.
	www.cup.cam.ac.uk /catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521624401 (337 words)

	Amazon.com: The Young Hegelians: An Anthology: Books: Lawrence S. Stepelevich (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The first of those who set about the transforming and revisioning of the world according to Hegel's dialectical theory were called "The Young Hegelians." Today, the most recognized names among them are Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, but in their own age each of the Young Hegelians shared an equal notoriety.
		The Young Hegelians were not just a school of thought or a group of devoted followers: they were an intellectual tour de force and collective cultural catalyst.
		The Young Hegelians sought to bring Hegel's philosophy to the world through their own critiques, revisions and interpretations.
	www.amazon.com /Young-Hegelians-Anthology-Lawrence-Stepelevich/dp/157392346X (1462 words)

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