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Topic: Yuanmingyuan

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	Talk:Felice Beato - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The famous destruction of 1860 was of the Yuanmingyuan and not the Qingyi Yuan (the 'old' summer palace, rather than the 'new').
		This compound of imperial palaces was looted by French troops on October 8 and 9, 1860, and burnt by the British, under Lord Elgin, on October 18 an 19.
		But surely the Yuanmingyuan was far more important than the Qingyiyuan, that's where the emperor lived after all -- rather than in the Forbidden City -- and that's where he collected all the amazing treasures.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Felice_Beato (1158 words)

	China Travel/Tour Resource
		Yuanmingyuan was a resort used by the feudal rulers for rest and pleasure as well as for holding audiences and attending to state affairs.
		One-third of the ground of Yuanmingyuan was taken up by over 200 small hills in the scenic area where precipitous cliffs, secluded valleys, steep rock walls and stone caves zigzagged their way about.
		In Yuanmingyuan there were towers, terraces, pavilions, halls, corridors, pagodas, bridges etc. of different sizes, with a total construction area of 150,000 square meters, corresponding to that of the Imperial Palace.
	www.2002china.net /china_columns/china_travel/beijing/attraction/yuanmingyuan.htm (386 words)

	YuanMingYuan, Beijing, China (50 photos)
		YuanMingYuan (the 'Old Summer Palace'), originally called the Imperial Gardens, was an extremely large complex of palaces and gardens 8 km (5 miles) northwest of the old city wall of Beijing (that is, 8km from XiZhiMen subway).
		YuanMingYuan was, indeed, a veritable museum of garden construction and horticulture.
		YuanMingYuan was destroyed by troops from a coalition of eight countries that included Britain and France in 1860.
	www.kinabaloo.com /yuanmingyuan.html (215 words)

	Environment woes spark hubbub over Beijing park (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Built in 1709 for China's imperial family, Yuanmingyuan was designed as a sort of extravagant water park, situated over what used to be wetlands just north of Beijing.
		Because Yuanmingyuan's lakes were built on wetlands, they were intended to have a self-sustaining ecosystem.
		Yuanmingyuan officials' "whole goal isn't to preserve the water but to keep the level high enough to accommodate boats" so the park can make a profit renting them, sniffs Ms.
	www.post-gazette.com /pg/05238/560679.stm (1184 words)

	Legendary Beauty of Yuanmingyuan to Be Restored (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Work to restore the legendary beauty of Yuanmingyuan, China's great ancient imperial palace, is scheduled to start next year.
		Yuanmingyuan will be turned back into the 'garden of gardens,' as it was referred to before its destruction," Zong said.
		Yuanmingyuan, located on the northwestern outskirts of Beijing, is one of five famous gardens created during the Qing Dynasty.
	www.china.org.cn /english/culture/50983.htm (421 words)

	Yuanmingyuan - "Garden of Gardens" - Imperial Gardens in China
		Yuanmingyuan was originally built in 1709, or the 48th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi, whose reign of 61 years was the longest among all Qing monarchs.
		Yuanmingyuan was not only in the possession of vast expanses of water, but also a maze or rivers and streams.
		It was pity that Yuanmingyuan was sacked during the invasion of Anglo-French Allied forces in 1860 and again during the invasion of the Eight-Power Allied Force 1900.
	www.chinaplanner.com /gardens/imperialgarden/imp_yuan.htm (661 words)

	Should Yuanmingyuan be rebuilt?
		Yuanmingyuan was extolled as the "Versailles of the East" in its heyday.
		To preserve the ruins of Yuanmingyuan is to retain the truth of history, which is paramount to the protection of Yuanmingyuan.
		Rather than turn the park into another large tourist attraction, Yuanmingyuan should be allowed to retain its exquisite beauty, while preserving for future generations of visitors the profound historical lessons that should be emphasized and not forgotten or cast aside for the sake of tourism revenue.
	www2.chinadaily.com.cn /english/doc/2005-01/21/content_411124.htm (1909 words)

	YUANMINGYUAN,
		YuanMingYuan, (圓明園) located at north-west Beijing, is called the Old Summer Palace by tourists to distinguish it from the nearby Summer Palace (頤和園YiheYuan).
		Under the order of Premier Zhou Enlai, Yuanmingyuan became a park to remind the Chinese and the world of the destruction wrought by European colonial powers to a harmless and priceless cultural entity that rightly belongs to mankind.
		The future of Yuanmingyuan was one of contending arguments as to rebuild it to its former glory or to let it stay as a lesson of destructive Western imperialism for the Chinese people.
	www.chinapage.com /friend/goh/beijing/yuanmingyuan/yuanmingyuan.html (946 words)

	'Garden of gardens' to undergo revamping
		Beijing, Yuanmingyuan was first built in 1709 and underwent 150 years of construction under five emperors of the
		Covering a total area of 350 hectares and consisting of three independent but interconnected parks, Yuanmingyuan was once described as the "garden of gardens" for its luxurious palaces and mansions in both Eastern and Western styles.
		"Actually, Yuanmingyuan was the real imperial power centre during the heyday of the Qing Dynasty since the emperors usually spent most of their time at the garden, handling administrative affairs.
	www.chinaculture.org /gb/en_newupdate/2004-09/17/content_60516.htm (239 words)

	Capital Normal University--Information about / News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Yuanmingyuan (Garden of perfect splendor) is renowned throughout the world for its fabled charms and association with Chinese modern history.
		Covering an area of about 350 hectares, Yuanmingyuan was a vast landscaped garden at once grand in scale and enchanting in scenery.
		The French writer Victor Hugo once remarked, "With all its treasures, Notre Dame in Paris is no match for Yuanmingyuan, that enormous and magnificent museum in the East." Furniture made of red sandalwood decorated the numerous halls in which countless rare cultural relics were on display.
	eng.cnu.edu.cn /new/mj.jsp?id=606 (323 words)

	R Todd King: China Photos 2004 - Beijing
		The story of the Old Summer Palace - Yuanmingyuan, the Garden of Perfect Splendor - is the story of China’s sad encounters with the West during the 19th century.
		Meanwhile, the rest of Yuanmingyuan - an area the size of Central Park - was developed with hundreds of Chinese buildings, lakes, streams, bridges, hills, and scenic spots to become one of the greatest gardens (and libraries and museums) in the world, both in size and stature.
		It was also a nice place to start: this is Yuanmingyuan’s one cheerful area, with visitors laughing as they try to figure out their way through the maze to reach the white marble pavilion.
	www.rtoddking.com /chinasum2004_bj_os.htm (988 words)

	Humanrights
		Built in 1709 during the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), Yuanmingyuan was dubbed the "Garden of Gardens" for its luxurious palaces and mansions in both Eastern and Western styles.
		He added that the wild native plants, rather than new vegetation, are in tune with the ruins of the park.
		He Fang, an official with the Yuanmingyuan Management Office, said her office would talk with experts who questioned the landscape renovation project at tomorrow's hearing.
	www.humanrights-china.org /news/2005-4-12/Local2005412113310.htm (445 words)

	Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Yuanmingyuan is an imperial garden set up in the early Qing dynasty.
		After the reconstruction and reconstruction during several Emperor of Qing dynasty, the total scale of Yuanmingyuan reached 350 hectare.
		On October 7th, the soldiers and the offices in the troops marched into Yuanmingyuan and took a disastrous damage.
	maxpages.com /chinaculture/Yuanmingyuan - !http://maxpages.com/chinaculture/Yuanmingyuan (321 words)

	People's Daily Online -- Yuanmingyuan lake bed project questioned (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Recently the Yuanmingyuan Garden has been carrying on a project paving the lakebed with a layer of plastic cloth in order to prevent from the seepage loss of water.
		Yuanmingyuan Garden is the last large piece of wetland in Haidian District, said Li Hao.
		The Yuanmingyuan Garden, as a cultural unit under the state protection, is an artwork representing the high level for eco-protection and garden-preservation in China's ancient times, embodying the extra-harmony between the human-beings and the nature.
	english1.peopledaily.com.cn /200503/30/eng20050330_178760.html (467 words)

	Old Summer Palace- Ruins of Yuanmingyuan - Garden of Perfect Brightness
		Yuanmingyuan is composed of three comparatively independent but interconnected gardens: Yuanmingyuan (Garden of perfect Brightness), Changchunyuan (Garden of Eternal Spring), and Qichunyuan (Garden of Blossoming Spring).
		The Yuanmingyuan Park covers a total area of 350 acres and the architecture area of 160, 000 square meters, 10,000 square meters larger than the Forbidden City.
		Yuanmingyuan was also an imperial museum with a vast collection of cultural treasures.
	www.chinatravelkey.com /beijing/attractions/oldsummerpalace.htm (229 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Construction of the Yuanmingyuan began in 1700 under the direction of Emperor Kangxi during the Qing Dynasty and lasted for 150 years.
		This was where the emperor lived and handled the state’s affairs, and thus became a “political center of China.” The Yuanmingyuan also housed an imperial museum that contained national treasures, books, and cultural artifacts.
		The Yuanmingyuan experienced a devastating blow when it was attacked and destroyed on October 7, 1860 by French troops in cooperation with the British.
	www.stolaf.edu /courses/2004sem1/Art_and_Art_History/259/ArtsChina/yuanmingyuan.html (367 words)

	National Treasures: Yuanmingyuan Relics on Display in Shanghai (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		China is a land with a long historical memory, sharpened by the indignation of invasions and occupations over a long, painful century beginning with the British in 1842 and ending with the departure of the Japanese after World War II.
		Under the heading of "National Treasures Return Home," the heads are accompanied by a Styrofoam reproduction of Yuanmingyuan, flanked by photo exhibitions, one of enlarged etchings of the original summer palace and documentation of its history, the other highlighting the accomplishments of the Poly Group.
		On exhibition at the Shanghai Stock Exchange Building in Pudong from July 9 to 28, the bronze heads are worth braving the throngs of school children for a poignant reminder of both China's history and the powerful impact of that history in the popular imagination.
	www.movius.us /articles/chinanow/summerpalace.htm (572 words)

	Yuanmingyuan has no need to save face
		The western part of the Yuanmingyuan, or Old Summer Palace, has been excavated from the dust of ages in an attempt to restore the garden's original beauty.
		To restore the old charisma of Yuanmingyuan according to its original scale and style is not an easy job and could mean an astronomical input of money and manpower.
		If current technology is not able to achieve this and Yuanmingyuan is displayed to visitors as a new glazed palace, it is tantamount to destruction.
	www2.chinadaily.com.cn /english/doc/2004-11/19/content_393089.htm (309 words)

	UCLA International Institute :: Large Turnout for Sammy Lee Lecture on Chinese Imperial Garden
		Professor Chiu's topic was the Yuanmingyuan, the Garden of Perfect Brightness constructed by the Qing court northwest of Beijing over a century and a half from the groundbreaking in 1709 to its destruction and looting at the hands of Lord Elgin's troops in 1860.
		The site of the Yuanmingyuan was carefully chosen, using the maxim "to borrow a view," which meant that for those who could afford it, a garden should be situated so that hills or mountains beyond its walls should appear as a continuation of the interior garden landscape.
		In the northeast of the Yuanmingyuan there were a set of full-sized replicas of European palaces constructed during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor.
	www.isop.ucla.edu /article.asp?parentid=16549 (1186 words)

	Yuanmingyuan- Beijing, China - VirtualTourist.com
		The Old Summer Palace (yuanmingyuan) was the destroyed by 8 allied forces in an effort during the Opium war to force China under the Dowager Empress Cixi to open to trade.
		Ruins Of Yuanmingyuan, located on the northwestern outskirts of Beijing, is one of the five famous gardens built during Qing Dynasty.
		In 1900, Yuanmingyuan was again plundered by the Allied Forces of the Eight Powers Warlord and bandits stole or destroyed what was left.The remains of the once-grand marble structures are scattered about the grounds for all to see, appering undisturbed for the past 100 years.
	merchants.virtualtourist.com /travel/Asia/China/Beijing_Shi/Beijing-1024960/Things_To_Do-Beijing-Yuanmingyuan-BR-1.html (1254 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		of Social Sciences): I have always held that the Yuanmingyuan ruins are the most concrete evidence of Western atrocities and should be reserved as the scene of a crime.
		As is known, the scale of Yuanmingyuan, as an imperial park, is impressive and immense.
		I was awed by the sheer size and scope of the park as a whole, which were larger and more intricate than anything I had imagined.
	www.chinaantique.cn /english/02_1.asp?BAS_ID=395 (973 words)

	History of Yuanmingyuan
		In November 1979, the Yuanmingyuan History Exhibition Center was formally inaugurated, to the delight of visitors from at home and abroad.
		It is because there is an unredeemed and cruel history about the Yuanmingyuan Park, today, more and more tourists from all over the world come here to pay a visit.
		No matter what kind of feeling you have visiting the Yuanmingyuan Park, pondering the past, cherishing the memory in mind, or with curiosity, it is quite special and different from visiting other scenery.
	www.chinatravelkey.com /beijing/attractions/yuanmingyuan/history.htm (423 words)

	Qinghua University to assess controversial project - China - News Brief - Newsgd
		China's prestigious Qinghua University undertook an environment impact assessment (EIA) of a controversial project in the Yuanmingyuan (Old Summer Place) garden in the western suburbs of Beijing, the country's environmental agency said Tuesday.
		The project to line the lake bed of Yuanmingyuan with plastic sheets to prevent water from leaking into the ground has generatedwidespread criticism.
		According to SEPA, Yuanmingyuan had entrusted an institution under Beijing Normal University to do the EIA for the project, andthe institution originally agreed, but it turned down the offer almost one month later without a sound reason.
	www.newsgd.com /news/China1/200505180016.htm (352 words)

	Yuanmingyuan pictures and Travel Information - China Travel Attraction
		Yuanmingyuan was Beijing's original Summer Palace for the Qing emperors and also known as "the Garden of Gardens", before it was destroyed in 1860 under the orders of the Earl of Elgin.
		When it was first built by a Qing emperor in the Eighteenth Century, the site consisted of three gardens: Yuanmingyuan, Changchunyuan and Wanchunyuan, covering 350 hectares.
		The southern part of Yuanmingyuan was where the emperor dealt with official business.
	www.muztagh.com /china-attraction/beijing/yuanmingyuan.htm (188 words)

	Yuanmingyuan Ruin Park to open in October
		The western part of the Yuanmingyuan Ruin Park will open to public in October this year, an official of the palace said Friday.
		Yuanmingyuan, the Chinese emperor's private pleasure garden, was built in the early 18th century and was once known as "Versailles of the East." It was overrun by British and French infantry in 1860.
		Beijing, the western part of Yuanmingyuan, consisting over 20 scenic sites, has been undergoing renovations since 2004.
	www.chinaculture.org /gb/en_newupdate/2005-02/22/content_66270.htm (81 words)

	ThinkQuest : Library : The Garden of Gardens
		The Yuanmingyuan is a great imperial garden, which took the Qing Dynasty more than 150 years to build.
		After the disaster in October 1860 - she was almost destroyed in it; nothing was left, except the forsaken carving and late generator's lament.
		This site will help you to realize the magnificent sight of Yuanmingyuan by lots of accurate historical facts and pictures, introduce her history, status and view her tomorrow.
	www.thinkquest.org /library/site.html?team_id=C0126673 (214 words)

	The Ruins of the Yuanmingyuan (The Garden of Perfection and Light) - China Travel Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Built in the Qing Dynasty, this "garden of gardens" was made up of the Garden of Perfection and Light (Yuanmingyuan), and the Garden of Ten Thousand Springtimes (Wanchunyuan).
		It is hoped that before long the splendor of the garden will be restored and that this exquisite cultural relic, once the private playground of emperors, will be open to visitors from all over the world.
		Some of the stone carvings removed from the garden are now being returned from places such as Beijing University.
	www.uvista.com /en/beijing/yuanmingyuan.htm (628 words)

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