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Topic: Yueh-Chih

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British Academy - After Alexander: Central Asia Before Islam: Abstract (Abdullaev) Chinese scholars consider that the Yueh Chih tribe moved along the Yellow River and afterwards continued to migrate westwards to the Yili River valley (Lu Enguo, 2002). In my opinion it is possible that the name Ta Yueh Chih in the Chinese chronicles (for the early history of Kushans) was unknown and subsequently had no equivalent in the ancient western sources. Although the Chinese continued to call the tribes of Yueh chih by the name ‘Yueh chih’ even after their migration, Greek and Latin authors gave them different names. www.britac.ac.uk /events/programmes/2004/abstracts/asia-abdullaev.html

World Affairs Board - Chinese Accounts of Rome, Byzantium and the Middle East The country is densely populated; every ten li [of a road] are marked by a t'ing; thirty li by a chih [resting-place]. One is not alarmed by robbers, but the road becomes unsafe by fierce tigers and lions who will attack passengers, and unless these be travelling in caravans of a hundred men or more, or be protected by military equipment, they may be devoured by those beasts. It is further said that, coming from the land-road of Ar-hsi, you make a round at sea and, taking a northern turn, come out from the western part of the sea, whence you proceed to Ta-ts'in. www.worldaffairsboard.com /showthread.php?t=1945

Table of contents for Library of Congress control number 2003004949 Responding to Secretary Chia Chih's "Morning Court at Taming Palace" by Tu Fu 208 181. Responding to Secretary Chia Chih's "Morning Court at Taming Palace" by Ts'en Shen 210 183. Morning Court at Taming Palace by Chia Chih 207 180. www.loc.gov /catdir/toc/ecip041/2003004949.html

Comparing Asian Nationalities Asian American Poll GoldSea This once again be concluded that after the Yueh migrated south their history was NEVER once again recorded (except for the little tribes that stayed, i'm talking about the people who stayed loyal and moved by the numbers to remain unassimilated), so it can easily be a fact that the chinese have mistaken our identity. Feet that supposedly given the Yueh an edge in battle when defeating the Wu (who had Sun Tzu or a descendent of his on their side), which in my opinion, is a pretty bad conclusion or guess. From this if it is true north vietnam, or phu to to be exact, was the original homeland of the Yueh but they once again moved south to their original homeland after migrating south to avoid assimilation. goldsea.com /Poll/Comparing/comparing_20621.html

Blacks in China The Northern Chino-Africans were called Kui-shuang (Kushana) or Yueh-chih, while the southern tribes were called Yi and li-man Yueh and Man. In addition to the Yueh tribes along the north east coastal region, they also lived in Turkestand, Mongolia, Transoxiana, the Ili region and Xinjiang province. The plants cultivated by the Shang had first been domesticated by the Yi and Yueh people in the south and later taken northward as they colonized northern China. Both the Yi and Yueh bribes according to Prof. clyde.winters.tripod.com /junezine/id1.html

Hephthalites / White Huns One thought that were related in some way to the Visha (Indo-Europeans known to the Chinese as the "Yueh Chih"), another, a branch of the Kao-ch`ê, a third, descendants of the general Pahua, a fourth descendants of Kang Chu and a fifth admits that he cannot make clear their origins at all. This should not discourage as it is not in the theories of such writers that we may find value, but rather in their factual observations which may lead to the answer. www.geocities.com /pak_history/hephthalites.html

Bibliography on Chinese Cultural Revolution Wen hua ta ko ming tso yu p`ai jih pao tzu liao: 1 yueh ch`I chih 10 yueh chih 1966. Wen ko hou Chung kung nung yeh t`i chih kai ko ti ching chi ch`eng hsiao wen t`i ch`u t`an. Shang-hai: Chih shih ch`u pan she : Hsin hua shu tien Shang- hai fa hsing so ching hsiao, 1993. www.indiana.edu /~libeast/biblio.html

Kushans arms and armor, primary evidence Wei-Chih 30.29b, quoted in P'ei Sang-chihs commentary on the San-Kuo Chih, published in 429 AD the Yueh-chih and T'ien-chu have attacked and subdued it. At present the Yueh-Chih have made them subject and tributary to themselves. Fragment of a third century work by Nan-chou chih quoted in an eighth century commentary. www.keele.ac.uk /socs/ks45/PageHistory/Club/bracey/Kushan/evidence/litara3.htm

The Alekseev Manuscript - Chapter VII: Bronze Age in Eurasia The Yueh Chih (Tokharian) were people of advanced culture dwelling in Central Asia during the ?first millennium AD until overrun by the Uighurs [the Uighurs were a Turkic people from Mongolia who spoke a Turkic language]. HOLLIS relates the Yueh Chih to the Ephthalites or Hunas in India and the Kushans in Afghanistan (Bactria). The Yueh Chih spoke a Tokharian language, a branch of the Indo European language. www.drummingnet.com /alekseev/ChapterVII.html

TWENTY?EIGHT But the sheep butcher Yueh said, "According to the laws of the state of Ch'u, a man must have received weighty awards and accomplished great deeds before he may be granted an audience with the ruler. This, in fact, was precisely why the people of Yueh wanted to obtain him for their ruler. When told of this, the sheep butcher Yueh said, "I am fully aware that the `three banner' rank is a far more exalted place than a sheep butcher's stall, and that a stipend of ten thousand chung is more wealth than I will ever acquire slaughtering sheep. www.humaniverse.net /chinese/classic/English/chuangtzu28.htm

Microfilm sets relating to China: East Asian Library Chung©kuo ssu hsiang tui yu Ou©chou wen hua chih ying hsiang / Chu, Ch'ien©chih. Wen tzu kai ko pan yueh k'an/yueh k'an, 1960©1. Chin ch'a chih jih pao, (Chang©chia©k'ou), 1946 March 1 Sept 12, 1948 Feb 6©9). www.usc.edu /isd/archives/arc/libraries/eastasian/china/microform.html

Background , which was Chih-I’s own liturgical practice of Buddhism. For the three kinds of capacities of living beings, these three approaches to reality are taught, and these three illustrations are cited. It is also referred to and outlined in Volume 2 of this work. www.tientai.net /lit/mksk/v1/v1p1-1p3.htm

Encyclopedia: Hephthalites They were related in some way to the Visha (Indo-Europeans known to the Chinese as the Yuezhi or Yueh Chih), Their origins cannot be made clear at all. www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Hephthalites

Current Serials Taipei : Li shih yueh kan tsa chih she. Chung-hua min kuo chin chu kou mao i tung chi yueh pao. Taipei : Che hsueh yu wen hua yueh kan www.lib.washington.edu /East-asia/china/taiwan/libcol/serials.htm

Section 1 – The Di Tribes Only this edition in moving characters, generally correct for the Shiji [ Shih-chi ] or the Histories of the Han which are the first and only true readings of the dynastic histories, is quite negligent from the Sanguozhi [ San kuo chih ] onwards. San-kuo chih, “Book of Wei,” 30, “Account of the Hsien-pei,” 6a. In this region also, both non-Chinese and the Chinese settlements were scattered and isolated among the mountains at the foothills of Tibet and the base of the great ridge of the Qin Ling.” de Crespigny (1984), pp.13-14, and the maps on pp. depts.washington.edu /uwch/silkroad/texts/weilue/notes1_3.html

History of Kushans After the falling out of Yueh Chihs with the confederacy, they split off and fled to Bactria (western central Asia) leaving back the fertile plains of Xiongnu thus settled down in Bactria. Earliest great wall of China was built to defend the territory the Han had captured from Xiongnu. Though China made several attempts to woo them as their natural allies to bring back the plains worthwhile. prabhu.50g.com /kushana/kus_history.html

Old Glory Miniatures: Han Chiense Historical Reference Kao Tsu's initial reign was chaotic, filled with internal strife and external pressure from the Hsiung-nu, which had gained dominance over the rival Yueh Chih in Mongolia. Despite setbacks by Hsiung-nu incursions in the North and a breakaway kingdom of Yueh in the South (under General Chao T'o), Kao Tsu regained control of the remainder of the former Ch'in Empire by his death in 195. In 200 Kao Tsu was surrounded in a campaign against invading Hsiung-nu and forced to conclude a treaty by giving the Hsiung-nu cheiftain a daughter in marriage. www.oldgloryminiatures.com /han_chinese_background.asp

Sources by Historical Period Min kuo chih kuan piao: min kuo yuan nien i yueh chih min kuo ch’i nien liu yueh chih, Chung-kuo jen min cheng chih hsieh shang hui i. Chung-kuo kuo min tang tang wu fa chan shih liao: tsu chih kung tso. orpheus.ucsd.edu /chinesehistory/sources_by_historical_period.htm

Kushans arms and armor, primary evidence The two earliest works of Chinese history which refer to the Yu-chi are the Shih Chih and the Hou Han Shu. They contain a wealth of information on the Yu-chi for the two centuries proceeding the rise of Kajula, unfortunatly military references are infrequent. Hsieh indeed sent horsemen carrying gold, silver, pearls and jade as presents for Ch'iu-tzu. www.keele.ac.uk /socs/ks45/PageHistory/Club/bracey/Kushan/evidence/litara2.htm

Yueh-chih --  Encyclopædia Britannica Discusses Abu Jaffar, Liu Chih, and the Panthays of Yunnan. Short essay on the Muslim presence in China during the reign of the Tang, Sung, Yuan, and Ming dynasties. www.britannica.com /eb/article?tocId=9078127&query=kushan&ct=

CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: China Measures of length: one foot (chih), 14 5/8 inches = 10 tsun; 1 tsun = 10 fen; 10 feet = 1 chang; 10 chang = 1 yu. www.newadvent.org /cathen/03663b.htm

Goths, Sarmatians, and Huns Driven out of these lands by the Yueh Chih around 250 BCE, some of the Saka entered northern India and others, known as the Parni, migrated southwest and established the Parthian kingdom in northern Iran. The territory they covered was vast, stretching from the Danube in the west back into Central Asia, and they were also related to the eastern tribes collectively known as the Saka or Sacians, who once lived east of the Caspian near the Aral Sea on the Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers. The Parthians, who developed an armored cavalry, served as a buffer between the Persians and other steppe nomads. www.angelfire.com /film/bookofdarius/barbarian.html

Early Central Asian Kingdoms, page 1 'Great Ruler of Sogdiana, of the Tchao-ou Race'/Alram's 'Imitationsgruppe V' Yueh Chih Principality of Sogdiana The Kingdoms of the Dahae, Sogdiana, Choresmia, Yueh Chi, Graeco-Sakas, Jouan-jouan and Chaghaniyan. Bukhara/Western Sogd - Yueh Chi - Dahae - Choresmia www.grifterrec.com /coins/centralasia/centralasia.html

Example of "Genealog*" Catalog Database Search - Using the Melvyl® Legacy System: Section "W" Wang shih tsu p'u /, Wang Yu-yuan, Chiang Wan-che chu pien, T'ai-wan Wang shih tsu chih pien chi wei yuan hui pien. Tu shih chi shih piao : [10 chuan /, Wang Yueh chuan] [T'ai-pei : T'ai-wan] shang wu [yin shu kuan, 1976] 2 v. "Chia t'ing, ssu yu chih ho kuo chia ti ch'i yuan" chiang chieh /, Wang Yung-hsiang, Li Te-liang, Hsu Chi-sheng pien chu. www.academic-genealogy.com /melvylcatw.htm

Joseph Needham and David Anthony - Central Asia as a bridge Most famous is Chung-hang Yueh (also read Chung-nang Shuo), who fled to the Hsiung-nu and provided them with inside knowledge on how to conduct political negotiations with the Chinese. users.cyberone.com.au /myers/needham-anthony.html

CLCP3 Tzu yu chung kuo chih kung yeh ¦Û¥Ñ¤¤°ê¤§¤u·~ www.library.pitt.edu /subject_guides/eastasian/ealib/html/clcp4.htm

Lecture10.doc Tokharian (Yueh Chih) - Tokharian is Indo European; and is extinct Ural Altaic People - as per HOLLIS 1. It should be noted that HOLLIS also lists Tokharian (Yueh Chih) as an Indo European language and an Indo European people. Selkups Ethnic Interpretations: Ural-Altaic Alexeev claims that some scholars are trying to unify Uralic and Altai but that this theory is not supported. www.drummingnet.com /alekseev/Lecture10.doc

DBLP: Tzu-Chien Liu Jie-Chi Yang, Chih-Hung Chen, Yu Bin Chen, Chih Hing Lai, Tak-Wai Chan, Tzu-Chien Liu: A Reading Contract System Based on Mission-Based Learning. informatik.uni-trier.de /~ley/db/indices/a-tree/l/Liu:Tzu=Chien.html

chih yueh chou - ResearchIndex document query LIBSVM is developed by Chih Chung Chang and Chih -Jen Lin [Chang and Lin, 2001] Tim Stanley ported Tapeworm to OSF/1, Chih -Chieh Lee ported Tapeworm to the 486, and Mike For example, in fifth century CE China, Tsu Chung- Chih used a variation of this method to get #correct citeseer.ist.psu.edu /cs?q=Chih-Yueh+Chou

Templo Budista Apucarana Nambei Honganji Nessa época Han já havia aniquilado Yueh, e os bárbaros a sudoeste de Shu, temerosos; vieram prestar homenagens na corte e pedir que lhes mandassem oficiais Han. Porventura permitiriam os Han que eu mandasse emissários ao reino de Yueh www.dharmanet.com.br /honganji/viagem.htm

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