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Topic: Yukaghir languages

Related Topics

Language families and languages

Ket language

Paleosiberian languages

Quechuan languages

Venetic language

Turkic languages

Havasupai language

Yukaghir

Uralic languages

Substratum

Italic languages

Dravidian languages

Caucasian languages

Germanic substrate hypothesis

Altaic languages

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	World Languages
		One interesting theory states that the divergence of languages was motivated by selfish or survival instincts, where one tribe would try to make up some code of communication which would deceive or not be understood by another tribe, so that they could attack them or have some advantage over them.
		Many languages can be traced to the migration of its peoples, like the Hungarian language, which is said to be of Uralic origin.
		One such language is Esperanto, and another is Interlingua, the vocabulary of this latter drawn from many languages, making it easier to learn by much of the world’s population.
	www.kenax.cz /translating/languages/languages-of-the-world.html (2501 words)

	Uralic languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The name of the language family refers to the location of the family’s suggested Urheimat (homeland), which is often placed close to the Ural mountains.
		The healthiest Uralic languages, in terms of the number of native speakers and national identity, are Estonian, Finnish, and Hungarian.
		Uralic locative suffix exists in all Uralic languages in various cases, e.g., Hungarian superessive, Finnish essive, North Sami essive, Erzyan inessive, and Nenets locative.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Uralic_languages (1078 words)

	Online Kolyma Yukaghir Documentation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Yukaghir settlements became permeated by Russian officials and specialists, and Russian became the principal language of communication with the new populations.
		Finally, the lower number of Yukaghirs in the 1979 census in comparison to the 1989 census may be explained by the fact that the policy of the local authorities was to diminish the number of Yukaghirs, typically in favor of Yakuts.
		These people acquired the language in early childhood from their parents and/or grandparents, and it was the only (or the main) language spoken by all (or most) of the adults surrounding the child.
	ling.uni-konstanz.de /pages/home/nikolaeva/documentation/intro/yukaghirs.html (1638 words)

	Uralic languages - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The name of the language family references the location of the family's suggested Urheimat, which is often placed close to the Ural mountains.
		Probably the least controversial - though all such proposals currently remain controversial - is the relationship between the Uralic languages and Yukaghir; theories proposing a special relationship with the Altaic languages were formerly very popular, but have fallen out of favor in more recent decades.
		in Finnish, Estonian, Erzya, Samic languages, Samoyedic languages).
	open-encyclopedia.com /Uralic (631 words)

	Yukaghir languages - TheBestLinks.com - Russia, Uralic languages, Es:Lenguas yukaghir, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Yukaghir languages - TheBestLinks.com - Russia, Uralic languages, Es:Lenguas yukaghir,...
		The Yukaghir languages are a family of related languages spoken in Russia.
		The relationship with other language families is mostly unknown, it has been suggested that it is related to Uralic languages.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Yukaghir_languages.html (110 words)

	The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire
		The majority of the Yukaghir people had been assimilated by that time: the nomadic reindeer herders from the upper Anadyr had switched to using the Koryak and Chukchi languages, and the Yukaghir on the River Yana had Evenized, and the settled fishermen from the middle Anadyr had adopted Russian.
		The Yukaghir language was mainly confined to use amongst the elderly.
		While in the mid-17th century the Yukaghir numbered approximately 4,700, by the 1680s the population had fallen to 3,700 and by the end of the century the number was 2,600 (B. Dolgikh).
	www.eki.ee /books/redbook/yukaghirs.shtml (1912 words)

	Yukaghir: a probable relative (from Uralic languages) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Yukaghir was traditionally grouped in the catchall category of Paleo-Siberian languages with a number of languages that are not genetically related or structurally similar.
		As a group, the Yukaghir were brought close to extinction in the 20th century by hardship and disease; the...
		The Slavic languages are a group of related languages within the Indo-European family.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-74945 (805 words)

	Language Isolates (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Back at the dawn of recording of language 5,000 years ago, the very first we language we find in cuneiform texts from about 3100 B.C. has never been shown to be related to any other language ancient or modern.
		A number of languages that were spoken in North America at the time of the arrival of Europeans have become extinct.
		There are at least four well-attested languages that have never been related to any other, and that became extinct in the 19th century.
	home.bluemarble.net /~langmin/miniatures/isolates.htm (870 words)

	Languages of the World
		The label language isolate is used for a language that is the only representative of a language family, as Basque or the extinct Sumerian language; the presumptive but unknown sister languages of isolates are dead and unrecorded.
		The languages of seven of the nine extant branches of the Indo-European language family are spoken in Europe.
		Dialects of two languages in the Indo-Iranian branch of Indo-European also are or were spoken in Europe: the Jassic dialect of Ossetic, an Iranian language, formerly spoken in Hungary; and the European dialects of Romany, which was spread by Gypsies throughout Europe and into America.
	www.ling.hawaii.edu /faculty/stampe/Linguistics/lgsworld.html (1332 words)

	U.S.ENGLISH Foundation Official Language Research - Russia: Background
		These languages have undergone almost no territorial displacement over the different historical periods and may be considered the original languages of a large territory on both sides of the Caucasus.
		The last group of five languages that, according to the number of their speakers in Russia, may be endangered by an irreversible assimilation will definitely survive beyond the Russian borders as the languages of neighboring states.
		Despite positive changes in the attitude to native languages and an increase in the number of schools and schoolchildren teaching and learning Khakass, there is still cause for concern as for its stability in the future.
	www.us-english.org /foundation/research/olp/viewResearch.asp?CID=36&TID=2 (3915 words)

	Foundation For Endangered Languages Issue 26. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		This is a language that is going through an accelerating process of endangerment, due to the pressure of former colonial languages and other expanding neighbouring languages, and to massive migrations that are leaving from the traditional Mandinka territories (specially in Casamance, Senegal).
		The investigated language is Pite-Saami, a Southern Lappish language.
		Kolyma Yukaghir especially is on the verge of extinction, since the transmission of the language from parent to children has stopped.
	www.ogmios.org /261.htm (1733 words)

	Wikiversity:School of Linguistics - Wikibooks
		The study of human language(s) by scientific method(s) in the spoken, written and preconscious form.
		Sub Departments Languages that cannot be reliably classified into any family are known as language isolates.
		Besides the above languages that have arisen spontaneously out of the capability for vocal communication, there are also languages that share many of their important properties.
	en.wikibooks.org /wiki/Wikiversity:School_of_Linguistics (327 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Sign language interpreters provided in court, for college students, at important public events, in job training, at social services programs, in mental health service programs, some instruction for parents of deaf children, many sign language classes for hearing people.
		The sign language used in the classroom and that used by adults outside is the same.
		Mountains.") ;; DUTCH-BASED CREOLE LANGUAGES (4 Languages) (subclass DutchBasedCreoleLanguage CreoleLanguage) (documentation ArabicBasedCreoleLanguage "A &%DutchBasedCreoleLanguage is a &%CreoleLanguage using a grammatical and core lexical foundation of the &%DutchLanguage.") (instance BerbiceCreoleDutchLanguage DutchBasedCreoleLanguage) (documentation BerbiceCreoleDutchLanguage "The &%BerbiceCreoleDutchLanguage is a &%DutchBasedCreoleLanguage of &%Guyana.
	cvs.sourceforge.net /viewcvs.py/checkout/sigmakee/KBs/People.kif?rev=1.2 (12614 words)

	Publications
		The correspondences of Uralic sibilants and affricates in Yukaghir.
		Optimal syllables are not always optimal: A prosodic structure of Yukaghir.
		In: Daniel Abondolo (ed.) Language islands: The isolates and microfamilies of Eurasia.
	www.dcs.kcl.ac.uk /staff/irina/pages/publications.html (639 words)

	Hungarian Language Review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The Samoyedic and Yukaghir languages are spoken in northern Russia.
		However, proponents of the Nostratic school postulate that the Uralic languages are indeed related to those of the Indo-European, Altaic, Kartvelian and Dravidian families.
		The modern standard language is based on efforts started during the 18th century of incorporating eastern and western dialects.
	how-to-learn-any-language.com /e/languages/hungarian (2049 words)

	The Yukaghir Languages
		There are now two Yukaghir languages, Tundra (Northern) and Kolyma (Southern) Yukaghir, spoken in several small communities in the Yakut (Saha) Republic in the North-East of Russia.
		As of 1987, there were approximately 150 native speakers of Tundra Yukaghir, and less than 50 speakers of Kolyma Yukaghir.
		The genetic affiliation of Yukaghir is controversial: some linguists take these languages to be an isolated language group, others, a branch of the Yukaghir-Ural language family.
	www.stanford.edu /~emaslova/Yukaghir.htm (137 words)

	Open Directory - Science: Social Sciences: Linguistics: Languages: Natural (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Language Families - Maps of the various language families, with background reference material, based on Encyclopaedia Britannica material.
		Languages of the World - A description of major world languages and language families, with links.
		The World's Top Twenty Spoken Languages - Estimates for the world's top 20 languages (given in millions) on the basis of the number of mother-tongue (first-language) speakers and population estimates for those countries where the language has official status.
	dmoz.org /Science/Social_Sciences/Linguistics/Languages/Natural (637 words)

	Results for Yukaghir (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The Evidentiality systems in the Yukaghir languages are essentially similar;...
		The poetry of the Yukaghir, a poor hunting tribe in eastern Siberia, consists of improvisations or verses...
		The Yukaghir Languages - !http://www.stanford.edu/~emaslova/Yukaghir.htm Overview and several papers on Tundra and Kolyma Yukaghir by linguist Elena Maslova.
	www.wikimoz.org /directorio/search/Yukaghir (130 words)

	languagehat.com: MINORITY LANGUAGES OF RUSSIA.
		The site Minority languages of Russia on the Net is a treasure trove of information if you read Russian, and even if you don't there are some useful links, like articles from The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire (e.g., The Nivkhs).
		It was originally thought that the Paleo-Siberian languages (Koryak, Yukaghir and Chukchi) might be closely related to many of the American Indian languages.
		As Mario Pei points out in his "Story of Language" book, Leibniz had recommended three centuries earlier that Peter the Great undertake a study of all the languages of the Russian Empire and record them; The Soviets were simply doing, on their own volition, something that the brilliant Leibniitz had once suggested to a czar.
	www.languagehat.com /archives/002199.php (411 words)

	Negative sentences and questions (from Uralic languages) -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Negative sentences in Early Uralic were indicated by means of a marker known as an auxiliary of negation, which preceded the main verb and was marked with suffixes that agreed with the subject and perhaps tense.
		More results on "Negative sentences and questions (from Uralic languages)" when you join.
		These languages are a branch of the Indo-European language family (see Language, “Related Language”).
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-74957 (807 words)

	Tiscali - Search (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Evidentiality in Yukaghir, a distinct language family group geographically grouped as Paleosiberian, the Chukot-Kamchadal languages and Ket.
		Discussion of the preverbal reciprocal marker in the Yukaghir languages.
		Paper on the development the Yukaghir progressive marker from a former imperfective.
	directory.tiscali.de /Science/Social_Sciences/Language_and_Linguistics/Natural_Languages/Yukaghir (50 words)

	Ethnologue: Statistical Summaries
		Specifically, it offers numerical tabulations of languages and number of speakers by world area, by language size, by language family, and by country.
		The genetic classifications given in the language entries of Part I name 94 different language families (that is, top-level genetic groups).
		Table 4 summarizes the distribution of languages and their populations for these other language families and special categories.
	www.ethnologue.com /ethno_docs/distribution.asp?by=family (525 words)

	Uralic languages - Unipedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Their hypothetical ancestor, which may not have existed as a unified language, is Proto-Uralic.
		The Untenability of the Finno-Ugrian Theory from a Linguistic Point of View (http://www.acronet.net/~magyar/english/1997-3/JRNL97B.htm) by Dr. László Marácz, a minority opinion on the language family.
		Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languages, 3 Volumes (Handbook of Oriental Studies/Handbuch Der Orientalistik - Part 8: Uralic and Central Asian Studies,...
	www.unipedia.info /Uralic.html (1003 words)

	Paleo-Siberian languages -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - Your gateway to all Britannica has to offer!
		or Paleo-Asiatic languages Believed to have covered much larger areas of Siberia and perhaps Manchuria in the past, they have lost ground to Uralic and Altaic languages and more recently to Russian (see Siberian peoples).
		Of the Yeniseian languages, the only survivors are Ket, spoken by fewer than 500 people, and the virtually extinct Yug.
		The two extant Yukaghir languages (which are believed by some specialists to belong to the Uralic languages), North, or Tundra, Yukaghir and South, or Kolyma, Yukaghir, together have fewer than 100 speakers.
	concise.britannica.com /ebc/article-9374413?tocId=9374413 (170 words)

	biology - Uralic languages
		plural markers -j (i) and -t have a common origin (e.g., in Finnish, Estonian, Erzya, Samic languages, Samoyedic languages).
		Abandolo, Daniel (ed., 1998), The Uralic Languages, London and New York, ISBN 0-415-08198-X.
		Sauvageot, Aurelien (1930), Recherches sur le vocabulaire des langues ouralo-altaïques (Researches on the Vocabulary of the Uralo-Altaic Languages), Paris.
	www.biologydaily.com /biology/Uralic (853 words)

	LINGUIST List 14.1268: Lang Description, Northern Yukaghir: Maslova
		Yukaghir is considered by different scholars either as a genetic isolate or as a distant relative of the Uralic family, and is therefore crucial to reconstruction of prehistory of Siberia and, potentially, of the Uralic family; for the same reason, it is almost a must in any sample-based research on cross-linguistic variability.
		In a number of ways, Tundra Yukaghir is similar to the languages of the region.
		It is a predominantly head-final language with agglutinating morphology.
	www.ling.ed.ac.uk /linguist/issues/14/14-1268.html (264 words)

	Regional, Europe, Russia, Society and Culture, Ethnicity, Arctic and Siberian & Yukaghir (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Yukaghir - Extracts from Yukaghir and Buryat songs..
		The Yukaghir Languages - Elena Maslova's portal site to the Yukaghir languages and peoples..
		The Yukaghirs - Overview article from The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire..
	www.findtutorials.com /internet/dir/Regional/Europe/Russia/Society_and_Culture/Ethnicity/Arctic_and_Siberian/Yukaghir (127 words)

	Middle East Open Encyclopedia: Asian language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		There are a wide variety of languages spoken throughout Asia, comprising a number of families and unrelated isolate languages.
		The Altaic languages are a somewhat disputed grouping.
		Sometimes included are Korean and Japanese and the Uralic languages.
	www.baghdadmuseum.org /ref/index.php?title=Asian_language (230 words)

	Dienekes' Anthropology Blog (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Pakendorf B, Novgorodov IN, Osakovskij VL, Stoneking M. The Evenks and Evens, who speak closely related languages belonging to the Northern Tungusic branch of the Tungusic family, are nomadic reindeer herders and hunters.
		Nevertheless, the languages and culture of the Evenks and Evens are similar enough for them to have been classified as a single ethnic group in the past.
		In order to study the continuity in maternal lineage between ancient and modern Hungarian populations, polymorphisms in the HVSI and protein coding regions of mitochondrial DNA sequences of 27 ancient samples (10th-11th centuries), 101 modern Hungarian, and 76 modern Hungarian-speaking Sekler samples from Transylvania were analyzed.
	dienekes.blogspot.com (3722 words)

	Yukaghir languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Yukaghir languages are a family of related languages spoken in Russia by the Yukaghir, a Siberian people, living in the basin of the Kolyma River.
		Northern Yukaghir (also known as Jukagir, Odul, Tundra, Tundre, Yukagir)
		The relationship with other language families is mostly unknown, although it has been suggested that it is related to the Uralic languages.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Yukaghir_languages (105 words)

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