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Topic: Yukawa interaction

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	Yukawa interaction - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Yukawa interaction can be used to describe the strong nuclear force between nucleons (which are fermions), mediated by pions (which are scalar mesons).
		The Yukawa interaction is also used in the Standard Model to describe the coupling between the Higgs field and massless quark and electron fields.
		In fact, the Yukawa interaction involving a scalar and a Dirac spinor can be thought of as a Yukawa interaction involving a scalar with two Majorana spinors of the same mass.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Yukawa_interaction (485 words)

	Hadrons, baryons, mesons
		Yukawa worked out a potential for the force and predicted its mass based on the uncertainty principle from measurements of the apparent range of the strong force in nuclei.
		Particles that interact by the strong interaction are called hadrons.
		We now know that the pion is a meson, a composite particle, and the current view is that the strong interaction is an interaction between quarks, but the Yukawa theory stimulated a major advance in the understanding of the strong interaction.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/particles/hadron.html (1130 words)

	Fundamental Forces
		Yukawa modeled the strong force as an exchange force in which the exchange particles are pions and other heavier particles.
		This interaction is not likely to be oberved because of the incredible difficulty of observing the scattering of neutrinos, but it suggests other interactions which may be obtained by rotating or twisting the diagram.
		This suggests the weak interaction mechanism for the decay of the pion, which is observed to happen by the muon pathway.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/forces/funfor.html (1168 words)

	Pion Summary
		Yukawa calculated the characteristics this particle would have to have to play this role, and he predicted that its mass would be about 200-300 times that of the electron, or about one-ninth that of the proton.
		The Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Yukawa in 1949 (for predicting the existence of mesons) and to Powell in 1950 (for developing the technique of particle detection using photo-emulsions).
		In the modern understanding of the strong interaction (quantum chromodynamics), pions are considered to be the pseudo Nambu-Goldstone bosons of spontaneously broken chiral symmetry.
	www.bookrags.com /Pion (2044 words)

	Nobel Prize in Physics 1949 - Presentation Speech
		Yukawa discovered that there is a simple relation between the range of the forces and the mass of the corresponding particles.
		Yukawa emphasized, however, that they can be expected to appear in the cosmic radiation, in which particles of great energy are found.
		Yukawa assumed that mesons can have both positive and negative charge and that the magnitude of the charge is the same as that of the electron.
	nobelprize.org /nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1949/press.html (1078 words)

	Hideki Yukawa Biography \| Encyclopedia of World Biography
		Hideki Yukawa was born in Tokyo on Jan. 23, 1907.
		By this time, Yukawa was already immersed in the study of sub-atomic particles that be his focus for the rest of his life.
		Quoted in Yukawa's own obituary in The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists was an excerpt from his graceful epitaph for Einstein: "I feel very strongly that we have to take up his search and striving for world peace," a mission which Yukawa himself took extremely seriously.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/hideki-yukawa (596 words)

	Hideki Yukawa - Biography
		Hideki Yukawa was born in Tokyo, Japan, on 23rd January, 1907, the third son of Takuji Ogawa, who later became Professor of Geology at Kyoto University.
		Yukawa was invited as Visiting Professor to the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton, U.S.A., in 1948, and since July, 1949 he has been Visiting Professor at Columbia University, New York City.
		The Imperial Prize of the Japan Academy was awarded to Yukawa in 1940; he received the Decoration of Cultural Merit in 1943, and the crowning award, the Nobel Prize for Physics, in 1949.
	nobelprize.org /nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1949/yukawa-bio.html (523 words)

	Yukawa_Note (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In 1935, Yukawa published a monumental paper, "On the Interaction of Elementary Particles, I", and introduced a new particle called "meson", in order to explain both the strong interaction and the weak interaction between elementary particles.
		Yukawa thought that the binding force within nucleus, between proton and neutron, for instance, can be explained only by introducing a new particle, about 200 times heavier than electron.
		He was deeply impressed by the personality of Einstein, and it seems that he participated in such social activities as Pugwash conferences somehow out of the sense of duty prompted by Einstein, among others, as far as one can judge from his writings.
	www.bun.kyoto-u.ac.jp /phisci/Gallery/yukawa_note.html (220 words)

	MPE Jahresbericht 1998 - Kapitel 3 (Beitrag 6) / MPE Annual Report 1998 - Chapter 3 (Contribution 6)
		Especially the plasma influence on the interaction between the particles themselves is of high importance, because it affects for instance the effectivity of coagulation processes and, as in the laboratory plasmas, explains the behavior of plasma-crystal structures which have been studied in recent years.
		The interactions with neutral gas particles result mainly in damping of the particle movement as it is decribed by the Epstein law (collisional friction).
		Thus, an additional dipole interaction occurs between neighboured particles.In addition a shielding of the permanent neutral flux due to the cross section of a neighbour particle (b) influences the inter-particle potential.
	www.mpe-garching.mpg.de /JB98/Kapitel3/kapitel3-6.html (2507 words)

	Interaction Measurements
		While present models for the pair potential have been used to achieve qualitative agreement between theoretical and observed phase diagrams and rheological properties, detailed measurements are needed to secure quantitative agreement and resolve questions of interpretation surrounding a variety of unexplained experimental phenomena.
		For example, the dependence of the pairwise interaction on temperature, volume fraction and boundary conditions are still being investigated.
		Interactions lacking spherical symmetry such as those between Brownian dipoles or charged ellipsoids also would require a more sophisticated analysis.
	www.physics.nyu.edu /~dg86/methods/node13.html (1011 words)

	Three-Body Bound State Calculations
		We formulated the Faddeev equations as function of vector Jacobi momenta, specifically the magnitudes of the momenta and the angle between them, and demonstrated their numerical feasibility and the accuracy of their solutions.
		For the two-body force, we concentrated on a superposition of an attractive and repulsive Yukawa interaction, which is typical for nuclear physics.
		For the kernel, a two-body t-matrix (with the two-nucleon interaction as driving term) is obtained by solving a system of linear equations of the form A x x = b,where A is typically a 4000 x 4000 matrix.
	www.nersc.gov /news/annual_reports/annrep98/elster.html (731 words)

	General information
		In the domain of nuclear physics this is mainly the strong interaction.
		Connected with this is the research on the strongly interacting particles, the hadrons.
		In 1938, Hideki YUKAWA (Japanese Nobel prize laureate, 1907 - 1981) suggested a differential equation for the field of the nuclear force, in analogy to the electromagnetic field.
	www.kph.tuwien.ac.at /element/start_e.html (1052 words)

	News \| Gainesville.com \| The Gainesville Sun \| Gainesville, Fla. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Yukawa interaction can be used to describe the strong nuclear force between nucleons (which are fermions), mediated by pions (which are pseudoscalar mesons).
		The action for a meson field φ interacting with a Dirac fermion field ψ is
		This is explained by the fact that the Yukawa particle has spin zero and even spin always results in an attractive potential.
	www.gainesville.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Yukawa_interaction (568 words)

	The University of Washington Eot-Wash Group
		This plot assumes that the interaction couples to baryon number, a conservative case where all test bodies have very similar "charge"/mass ratios.
		One can appreciate how small this is by noting that if an object, initially at rest, had maintained that acceleration since the time of Pericles, it would now be moving about as fast as the end of the minute hand on a standard wall clock.
		This plot shows the 95% confidence level constraints on a Yukawa violation of the gravitational inverse-square law (as of 1/17/02).
	www.npl.washington.edu /eotwash/results/results.html (362 words)

	MSSM
		Finally, the existence of SUSY interactions would yield new sources of CP-violation that may help explain the observed baryon asymmetry of the universe.
		The interaction of superpartners with the SM particles can be obtained from the usual SM gauge and Yukawa interactions by replace two of the SM particles with their superpartners.
		In most cases, the LSP is a neutral weakly interacting particle that travels through the detector without depositing much energy.
	www.krl.caltech.edu /~subZ/content/theory/MSSM/MSSM.html (1629 words)

	The Collected Works of E.C.G. Sudarshan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Relativistic Invariance and Hamiltonian Theories of Interacting Particles, Rev. Mod.
		CP Invariance in Weak Interactions and the Pion Decay Asymmetry, Phys.
		Equivalence of the Four-point Interaction and the Yukawa Interaction: II.
	wildcard.ph.utexas.edu /~sudarshan/publications.htm (7087 words)

	Random sentences generated from abstracts of Sergeev's papers using NextWord software
		Yukawa potential at E and n is shown that in sup k are the anharmonic oscillator with disregarded Coulomb corrections are generalized to their dependence of collision of versions of nodes and possible to the cc charmonium states.
		Yukawa potential and octic oscillators are performed for the coupling constant is briefly discussed in powers of parameters scattering length a!
		Yukawa potential barrier factor is proved that are confirmed by the experimentally determined.
	www.asergeev.com /papers/nextword.htm (6564 words)

	Fundamental Forces - The Strong and the Weak
		Gluons,which hold quarks together to form nucleons - the quarks exchange gluons.They are massless and travel at light speed - the theory of gluons requires that quarks have another property called ' colour' as well as flavour, the exchange of gluons resulting in a change of quark 'colour'.
		As far as the structure of matter is concerned, another short range interaction is responsible for the decay of nuclei that have top-heavy neutron/proton ratios.This is termed the Weak interaction.
		Interactions of neutrinos with anything are almost impossible to detect.This strange particle was merely a notion to explain anomalies in beta decay.
	www.egglescliffe.org.uk /physics/particles/nuclearforces/nuclear.html (1400 words)

	Comments about Higgs fields, noncommutative geometry and the standard model
		The scalar interaction (Yukawa) of leptons is exactly of the same type.
		The first four are matrices that, in the interaction term of the lagrangian describing interaction between fermions and gauge bosons, appear as coefficients of the Yang-Mills fields
		The coefficients appearing in front of the kinetic term for scalar fields and of the Yukawa potential depend upon the specific choice of the differential algebra.
	www.cpt.univ-mrs.fr /~coque/articles_html/CommentsNCG/CommentsNCG.html (7829 words)

	YKIS2005: Poster Presentation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		I will present a model for brane-bulk interactions where a scalar field on the brane is coupled to a scalar field in the bulk as a toy model for gravitational interactions.
		We consider the quantum interaction process, a massless particle emission from a massive particle.
		Because of the strong gravitational interaction due to the massive disk, the properties and stabilities of the central star changes significantly, comparing with an isolated single star.
	www2.yukawa.kyoto-u.ac.jp /~ykis2005/poster.html (7650 words)

	Azimuthal Frustration and Bundling in Columnar DNA Aggregates -- Harreis et al. 84 (6): 3607 -- Biophysical Journal
		interaction are its great simplicity and its remarkable flexibility.
		the interaction of a segment of length L on strand 1 with a
		The total interaction of a segment of length L on molecule 1
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/84/6/3607 (6726 words)

	yukawa - OneLook Dictionary Search
		We found 5 dictionaries with English definitions that include the word yukawa:
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "yukawa" is defined.
		Phrases that include yukawa: hideki yukawa, yukawa hideki, yukawa coupling, yukawa interaction, yukawa meson, more...
	www.onelook.com /?w=yukawa (110 words)

	Untitled
		In an Appendix we present a detailed discussion of the contribution to the nuclear binding energy due to the weak interactions, which are the presumed source of the LNI effects in the NP model.
		Abstract: We show that in certain classes of theories the spatial variation of the non-Newtonian potential would be dominantly an exponential rather than a Yukawa potential, and we compare the phenomenological interpretation of the existing data in the exponential and Yukawa models.
		Abstract: We consider the possibility that gravity may couple anomalously to the weak interaction and thereby lead to a violation of the weak equivalence principle.
	cfa-www.harvard.edu /poem/docs/Literature/papers.htm (14060 words)

	The Simplest Model of the Latex Film Formation through Evaporation Deposition: Monte Carlo Study
		An attractive interaction between colloidal particles and the wall surface is used; the interaction of the colloid particles with the liquid-vapor interface was simulated as an effective external field, by using a soft repulsive potential.
		Although the model is highly simplified in comparison to the experimental situation, it is able to reproduce some trends of latex film formation.
		We believe that the sophistication of the interactions between particles may put the model somewhat closer to the experimental results.
	www.azom.com /details.asp?ArticleID=3120 (1536 words)

	Short-Range Searches for Non-Newtonian Gravity
		Experimental results are usually parameterized with the Yukawa interaction.
		is the strength of a possible new interaction relative to standard gravity and
		The experiments cover a range of about seven orders of magnitude, from a few nanometers to a few centimeters, use a variety of techniques and confront different backgrounds.
	www.phys.lsu.edu /mog/mog22/node9.html (2819 words)

	Osipov: The Yukawa quantum field theory: the Matthews-Salam formulas
		Osipov: The Yukawa quantum field theory: the Matthews-Salam formulas
		Osipov, Edward P. The Yukawa quantum field theory: the Matthews-Salam formulas.
		, Schwinger functions for the Yukawa model in two dimensions with space–time cut-off, Commun.
	math-doc.ujf-grenoble.fr /numdam-bin/item?id=AIHPA_1979__30_3_193_0 (276 words)

	[No title]
		ai are complex 3x3 matrices in family space with (mass)- dimension corresponding to the Yukawa couplings.
		For msoft of order a few hundred GeV, the origin of SUSY breaking should be of order 1010 GeV.
		The mediating interactions are the ordinary electroweak and QCD interactions.
	courses.washington.edu /phys55x/Supersymmetry_final.ppt (773 words)

	A. Gray's Web Page: Electroweak Symmetry Breaking (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		"[I]n the 1979 Nobel prize-winning theoretical work of Sheldon Glashow, Abdus Salam, and Steven Weinberg (all working separately) it was shown that the weak and electromagnetic interactions, formerly considered distinct, are in fact merely two aspects of the same "electroweak" interaction...
		At very high energies, the intrinsic mass of a particle becomes irrelevant, and the behaviors of the mediating particles [W, Z, and photons] converge." [1] The symmetry is broken at some point as the energies drop; in the Standard Model, the bosons acquire mass through interaction with vacuum Higgs fields.
		See also: Fermilab's page on the Electroweak force.
	students.washington.edu /graya/EWSymmBreaking.html (174 words)

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