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Topic: Zamoyski

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	Jan Zamoyski - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		JAN ZAMOYSKI (1541-1605), Polish statesman, was the son of Stanislaw, Castellan of Chelm, and Anna Herburtowna, who belonged to one of the most ancient and illustrious families in Poland.
		Zamoyski was at first in favour of a member of the Báthory family, with which he was united by ties of amity and mutual interest; but on becoming convinced of the impossibility of any such candidature, he pronounced for a native Pole, or for whichever foreign prince might be found most profitable to Poland.
		Zamoyski was undoubtedly most jealous of his dignity; his patriotism was seldom proof against private pique; and he was not always particular in his choice of means.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Jan_Zamoyski (997 words)

	Jan Zamoyski (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.isi.jhu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Jan Zamoyski After the extinction of the Jagiello dynasty in 1572 during the election sejm (Polish sejm konwokacyjny) he used his influence to enforce the victrom election procedure (meaning all nobles had the right to vote for the king) and for the majority voting procedure.
		In opposition to the king, Zamoyski advocated religious tolerance, opposed the growing power of the Catholic Church and Jesuits, and warned against forcing the Commonwealth into usless dynasty wars with Sweden, expecially with the constant danger from the Ottoman Empire.
		Zamoyski failed to dethrone Sigismund but won for himself a free hand in the Moldavian campaign where in 1595 he helped hospodar J. Mohyla to gain the throne.
	jan-zamoyski.iqnaut.net.cob-web.org:8888 (800 words)

	zamoyski
		And Jan Zamoyski's appeal was not just that he had been the greatest landowner in Poland before the war, or that he was the head of a family with almost mythical status in the national consciousness; he had lived a remarkable and inspiring life as well.
		A lieutenant in the 24th (Zamoyski) Lancers, Jan Zamoyski was mobilized in August 1939 and took part in the ill-fated September campaign.
		Zamoyski and his wife, who sacrificed all her remaining jewelry to bribe Germans, managed to hijack a number of transports of these unfortunates, and to hide large numbers of those most at risk, particularly Jewish children, in the depths of the forest.
	www.polamjournal.com /Library/Biographies/zamoyski/zamoyski.html (1060 words)

	Sarmatian Review XVIII.1: Zamoyski
		Second, Zamoyski's forgotten few provide additional evidence for a feature of the Polish character that should be obvious to everyone, but for some strange reason is not: Poles are not very mean or militant.
		Sure, Zamoyski's pilots loved the adrenaline rush of a good dogfight, a crisply tailored uniform, a timely salute, and the adoring attention of the single girls in town.
		Zamoyski, however, provides no evidence that the pilots were in any way inclined to treat the enemy as an object to be hated and annihilated, the way the German and Russian troops did in accordance with their commitment to total warfare.
	www.ruf.rice.edu /~sarmatia/198/zamoyski.html (1321 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: 1812: Napoleon's Fatal March on Moscow: Books: Adam Zamoyski (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Zamoyski does a great job giving details for this battle, as well as all the subsequent ones when the French had to turn and fight during the retreat in order to avoid annihilation.
		Zamoyski gives us a lot of detail about the retreat, all the way down to the cannibalism at the end when there was no food to be had.
		Zamoyski's "1812" serves up a wealth of detail about the French invasion, much of it in the form of eye-witness accounts which gives the reader an insight into the mood of the army at various stages of the campaign and the horrific conditions they suffered.
	www.amazon.co.uk /1812-Napoleons-Fatal-March-Moscow/dp/0007123744 (2439 words)

	Observer \| Dead men walking
		The catastrophic campaign by Napoleon Bonaparte against Imperial Russia is, as Zamoyski says in his opening line, 'one of the most dramatic episodes in European history, an event of epic proportions, etched deeply in the popular imagination'.
		In a remarkable premonition of the Nazi-Soviet pact of 1939, the two emperors were at first anxious to make a deal, signing a treaty aboard a raft moored on the Nieman river in 1807, a plan whereby Napoleon would marry one of Alexander's sisters with a view to dynastic union.
		But Zamoyski's subject is war, not peace, beginning with the French subjugation of Prussia and Austria, whose wrath he had to quell, by cutting off its 'chief source of nourishment': Russia.
	observer.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,4903990-102280,00.html (867 words)

	Amazon.com: Holy Madness: Romantics, Patriots, and Revolutionaries, 1776-1871: Books: Adam Zamoyski (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Zamoyski also tells the story of more moderate nationalists and revolutionaries who borrowed the idealism of the radicals, and tamed it with a desire for peaceful constitutional and political reform.
		Zamoyski tacitly admits this work might be the bane of specialists (presumably on the subjects of modern Europe, revolutionaries and nationalism) in his introduction.
		Zamoyski captures the contradictions, chauvinism and selfishness which maligned some national revolutionaries (particularly in France.) While purporting to express fraternity and sympathy for other fledging nationalists, the Napoleonic French embarked on a conquest of imperial grandeur and exploitation under the guise of liberation.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/ASIN/0141002239 (2783 words)

	Moscow 1812 by Adam Zamoyski \| PopMatters Book Review
		Perhaps not surprisingly, given Zamoyski's national heritage (he is descended from Polish nobility and is the author of numerous Polish history texts), the author identifies Poland as the deal-breaker in the negotiations between France and Russia.
		Zamoyski blames Napoleon's tactical leadership with the campaign's failure, and the list of errors the author attributes to the emperor looks surprisingly like the kinds of mistakes that continue to doom military campaigns to this day.
		Zamoyski consults primary sources -- letters, journals, memoirs, in French, Russian, German, Italian, and Polish -- to construct a history of the campaign that is both thorough and engaging.
	www.popmatters.com /books/reviews/m/moscow-1812.shtml (1281 words)

	Jan Zamoyski
		Jan Zamoyski (1542 –; 1605) was the founder of Zamosc.
		Zamoyski was an opponent of choosing a representative of Habsburgs dynasty as Polish King and he got a support of the nobility.
		These titles were connected with unusually important functions which Jan Zamoyski fulfiled in Polish country; the title of chancellor connected with managing of foreign and home politics and the title of hetman (leader of militaries) which Zamoyski got for great military success.
	www.cf2004.zamosc.pl /jz/jzen.html (579 words)

	Zamoyski, Wladslaw (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		ZAMOYSKI, WLADYSLAW 1803-1868, was the nephew of Prince Adam Czartoryski.
		Throughout 1848, Zamoyski geared his own activities toward developing Polish legions, one in Lombardy and one in Papal service, to fight the Habsburgs along with the Italians and, afterward, to serve as the core of the Polish army.
		Zamoyski's personal animosity toward the former head of the Constantinople agency, Michal Czajkowski (Sadyk Pasha after his conversion to Islam), and his lack of understanding of Balkan affairs led to only limited success in establishing a Polish military presence.
	www.cats.ohiou.edu /~Chastain/rz/zamoyski.htm (921 words)

	Tatro & Zamoyski, LLP
		Peter Zamoyski is licensed to practice law before all courts of the State of California, the United States District Court for the Southern District of California, and the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of California.
		Zamoyski's business and general civil litigation experience has seen him help his clients in many other kinds of lawsuits as well - from breach of contract actions, fraud lawsuits, partnership disputes, premises liability claims, to catastrophic personal injury and wrongful death lawsuits.
		Zamoyski graduated from the University of California, Santa Barbara where he was a pre-law major.
	www.sdinjuryattorneys.com /attorneys.html (693 words)

	Old Speed Air-Cooled VW Bookstore
		Zamoyski's main goal was to tell the story of the destruction of the Gradee Armee at the hands of the Russians - or to be more correct, the Russian winters.
		Zamoyski does opine however that Napoleon's chances of success were not the greatest and that Napoleon (as well as his adversaries) were ever-mindful of the disasters of Charles XII.
		You could say that this is the Polish version of of the campaign of 1812, as Zamoyski's prime mission seems to agrandize the role of Polish troops that invaded with his hero Napoleon, and belittle anything Russian.
	www.oldspeed.com /vwaws/0061075582.htm (1082 words)

	The Telegraph - Calcutta : Opinion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Zamoyski writes that Napoleon had calculated that he would be able to defeat Russia within three months.
		Zamoyski quotes from accounts of the survivors to prove that despair drove some to cannibalism.
		Zamoyski’s narrative, based on the memoirs of Russian, French, Polish and German participants of the great drama that unfolded in 1812, is thought-provoking.
	www.telegraphindia.com /1040618/asp/opinion/story_3378252.asp (572 words)

	Holy Madness
		Zamoyski highlights the fact that the Enlightenment took different forms in different places, or even that there was more than one Enlightenment.
		Zamoyski's account of the American Revolution is perhaps unnecessarily jaundiced, giving excessive attention to the persecution of loyalists, as well as to George Washington's interest in acquiring land that the British government wanted to reserve for the Indians.
		The deeper problem with the Risorgimento was that, as Zamoyski puts it: “a handful of patriots had been manipulated by a jackal monarchy and its pragmatic ministers.” The people of Sicily did not even speak a language comprehensible by northern Italians.
	pages.prodigy.net /aesir/homa.htm (2625 words)

	Anne Applebaum -- The best of Companions
		As Adam Zamoyski writes in the introduction to this 'travellers' gazetteer' to Poland, 'the fact remains that Poland feels somehow different from its neighbours, and there are reasons for this.' He explains:
		Zamoyski's Gazetteer, on the other hand, not only provides an elegant and relevant summary of Polish art history, but an alphabetical listing of more than 1,600 towns and villages, mentioning more than 8,000 castles, churches, palaces, monuments and museums, precisely the objects of interest you might well find by meandering down an old cobblestone road.
		Zamoyski, the scion of an extremely old and grand Polish family, not only knows the country well, but has strong opinions about it.
	www.anneapplebaum.com /other/2001/04_28_spec_companions.html (756 words)

	washingtonpost.com: Out in the Cold (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		But all of the patriotism, mythology, fiction and song that followed the events of that year has, in the subsequent two centuries, nearly obscured the story of the invasion itself.
		Zamoyski, a British historian of Polish origin and the author of numerous books, wanted to use firsthand accounts and memoirs in order to put right the facts and bring alive the history in a way that would make sense to contemporary readers.
		Zamoyski -- whom, I should add here, I met many years ago -- was aided by being able to speak most of the languages used by the commanders and soldiers who fought in Napoleon's Grande Armée, at the time the largest military force ever assembled.
	www.washingtonpost.com /ac2/wp-dyn/A44099-2004Aug5?language=printer (832 words)

	Zamoyski - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Zamoyski, plural: Zamoyscy is the surname of a Polish szlachta (nobility) family.
		The Zamoyski family used the Jelita arms and their motto was: "To mniej boli" (It hurts less).
		Tomasz Zamoyski (1594-1638), Deputy Chancellor of the Crown
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Zamoyski (269 words)

	PolSoc
		It was the visionary Jan Zamoyski (1542-1605), who as Crown Chancellor and Hetman (leader of the army), helped lead Poland to the apex of its power, also constructing his model city, Zamosc, now a UNESCO listed site.
		Kozlowka Palace, the seat of the Zamoyskis, is one of the best preserved palaces in the country and a reminder of their importance.
		Receiving Count Adam Zamoyski is, therefore, a great privilege for both the city of Bristol and the University.
	www.bris.ac.uk /depts/union/polishsociety/Zamoyski.html (535 words)

	Warsaw Voice - A Famous Family
		The Zamoyski noble clan of Jelita has added some beautiful chapters to the history of Poland, in particular during the past five centuries.
		The former will feature presentations of papers analyzing Jan Zamoyski the man and evaluating his military, political and economic activity, his attitude to believers of other faiths and his merits in culture and the arts.
		The history of the Zamoyski Library in Warsaw and the place of the Zamoyskis in the local traditions of the city of Zamość in the 20th century will also be presented.
	www.warsawvoice.pl /view/9134 (711 words)

	London Restaurants \| Zamoyski
		Zamoyski, a family run establishment, offers a sumptuous selection of hearty Polish starters, main courses and desserts as part of their changing, seasonal menu.
		If you have room, for dessert (all £3.25) choose from indulgences like apple bliny pancake with summer fruit compote, sour cream and icing sugar or crepe filled with curd cheese and lemon.
		Zamoyski has been serving Polish fare for more than two decades - a testament to their winning combination of good ethnic comfort food, very reasonable prices and warm service.
	www.restaurantsomh.com /l117.htm (368 words)

	Anne Applebaum -- Out in the Cold
		MOSCOW 1812: Napoleon's Fatal March By Adam Zamoyski HarperCollins, pp.
		Certain historical events become so covered in myth and significance, so overlaid with patriotism and emotion, that over time many people forget what really happened and why.
		Zamoyski -- whom, I should add here, I met many years ago -- was aided by being able to speak most of the languages used by the commanders and soldiers who fought in Napoleon's Grande Armee, at the time the largest military force ever assembled.
	www.anneapplebaum.com /other/2004/08_08_wpost_cold.html (839 words)

	Jan Zamoyski (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.isi.jhu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Jan Zamoyski (also known as Jan Zamojski) 1542-1605, was a Polish szlachcic, magnate, Royal Secretary from 1605, Lesser Crown Chancellor from 1576, Greater Crown Chancellor from 1578, and Greater Crown Hetman of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1581.
		He was a friend of M. Sienicki and H. Ossolinski and soon become the most important leader of the faction of the lesser nobility in the Commonwealth whose goal was the enforcement of law (Polish egzekucja praw and popularysci) - preserving the unique democratic goverment of the Commonwealth with the dominant role of lesser nobility.
		Soon he joined the opposition against the politics of Zygmunt III, who wanted to strenghten the power of the king and make the Commonwealth resemble an absolute monarchy and wanted to ally with the Habspurgs and Counter-Reformation forces in order to secure their help for regaining the Sweden throne.
	jan-zamoyski.kiwiki.homeip.net.cob-web.org:8888 (737 words)

	Moscow 1812: Napoleon's Fatal March -- book review
		Zamoyski does a great job detailing this battle as well as all the subsequent ones in which the French had to turn and fight during the retreat in order to avoid annihilation.
		Zamoyski details the capture of Moscow, the Russian flight from the capital, and finally the retreat.
		Some of these are from letters that Zamoyski later says were never delivered, implying that a Russian soldier found them and kept them.
	www.curledup.com /moscow12.htm (1102 words)

	ZAMOYSKI, JAN (1541-1605) - Online Information article about ZAMOYSKI, JAN (1541-1605)
		ZAMOYSKI, JAN (1541-1605) - Online Information article about ZAMOYSKI, JAN (1541-1605)
		Bessarabia should fall to Poland, and that she should in the meantime hold See also:
		The refusal of the Austrians to accept these reasonable terms justified Zamoyski's suspicion that the league would use Poland as a See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /YAK_ZYM/ZAMOYSKI_JAN_1541_1605_.html (502 words)

	More XVII Century Polish Military (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Adam Zamoyski in his excellent The Polish Way’ (1987 Hippocrene Books, NY, NY) gave a succinct description of Polish Military tactics.
		The material below is based on Zamoyski's but primarily Brzezinski's work.
		The Hussar’s secondary weapons included the koncerz, a straight rapier-like weapon with a 60-70 inch long blade which doubled as a pike – used from horseback only.
	www.kismeta.com /diGrasse/more_xvii_century_polish_militar.htm (1428 words)

	Jan Zamoyski famous artist information (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.isi.jhu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		[[ZamoscZamoand#347;and#263;]], [[Poland]] } '''Jan Zamoyski''' (also known as '''Jan Zamojski''') [[1542]]-[[1605]], was a [[PolandPolish]] [[szlachcic]], [[magnate]], 1st [[Ordynat]] of the [[Zamosc]] estate.
		[[Image:Jan Zamoyski Hetman.jpgthumbleft200pxJan Zamoyski]] After the extinction of the [[Jagiello]] dynasty in [[1572]] during the [[election sejm]] (Polish ''sejm konwokacyjny'') he used his influence to enforce the ''victrom election procedure'' (meaning all nobles had the right to vote for the king) and for the [[majority voting]] procedure.
		Zamoyski failed to dethrone Sigismund but won for himself a free hand in the [[Moldavian Magnate WarsMoldavian campaign]] where in [[1595]] he helped [[hospodar]] [[J. Mohyla]] to gain the throne.
	www.artbrain.co.uk.cob-web.org:8888 /famous-painters/jan-zamoyski.htm (867 words)

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