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Topic: Zif268

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	Zif268 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Zif268 is a mouse transcription factor that was also named Krox-24, NGFI-A and EGr1.
		The DNA binding domain of Zif268 consists of zinc finger proteins (ZFPs).
		The crystal structure of DNA bound by the ZFPs of Zif268 has been solved, which greatly aided early research in ZFPs.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Zif268 (73 words)

	Functional serum response elements upstream of the growth factor-inducible gene zif268.
		Functional serum response elements upstream of the growth factor-inducible gene zif268.The zif268 gene, which encodes a protein with three typical zinc finger sequences, is induced in mouse 3T3 cells by serum, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate platelet-derived growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor.
		To determine whether the zif268 SRE-like elements mediate induction, CAT (chloramphenicol acetyltransferase) plasmids with different lengths of zif268 upstream sequences were tested for inducibility in 3T3 cells by serum, platelet-derived growth factor, or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.
		We conclude that the zif268 SRE-like sequences are functional and probably account for the coordinate induction of zif268 and c-fos.
	www.pdg.cnb.uam.es /UniPub/iHOP/gp/1827.html (222 words)

	[No title]
		The structure of this complex was solved at 2.1 A. In agreement with the NMR studies, the zinc fingers contain a C-terminal antiparallel beta-ribbon followed by an N-terminal alpha helix, held together by zinc ion coordination with the conse rved cysteines and histidines and by a set of hydrophobic interactions.
		Furthermore, while Zif268 recognizes ba ses on only one strand of the DNA, GLI recognizes bases from both strands, where the bases recognized by finger 4 of GLI are found on the opposite strand from the bases recognized by finger 5.
		In Zif268, this is the position where transition from the beta sheet to the alpha helix has been completed and the regular a lpha helix begins.
	homepages.bw.edu /~mbumbuli/molbio/intro (13217 words)

	Barbara Christy, Ph.D.
		Zif268 protein binds to DNA and affects transcription of a number of genes.
		To define the mechanism by which the Zif268 protein acts to affect transcription, we are attempting to identify proteins which interact with Zif268 protein and target genes that are regulated by Zif268.
		Worley, P.F., Christy, B.A., Nakabeppu, Y., Bhat, R.V., Cole, A.J. and Baraban, J.M. Constitutive Expression of Zif268 in Neocortex is Regulated by Synaptic Activity.
	www.uthscsa.edu /faculty/christyb.html (387 words)

	Other Protein Models
		Zif268 is a zinc finger protein that binds to the nucleotide sequence GCG TGG GCG and regulates the expression of downstream genes.
		In Zif268, three fingers are joined together, C-terminus to N-terminus, such that the three alpha-helicies form a half-circle, with the alpha-helices on the inside.
		More information regarding Zif268 and the structure-based design of novel zinc finger proteins can be found in papers by Pavletich and Pabo (1991) and by Greisman and Pabo (1997).
	people.msoe.edu /~herman/science_ed/Pages/hemoglobin/hem_pages/other.html (1554 words)

	A requirement for the immediate early gene Zif268 in the expression of late LTP and long-term memories - Nature ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Thus, the Zif268 gene is necessary for the expression of the later phases of LTP in the dentate gyrus.
		The level of Zif268 mRNA in heterozygous animals is approximately half that seen in wild-type mice (data not shown), suggesting that this is insufficient to achieve the levels of Zif268 activation required for the successful expression of late LTP.
		In summary, activation of Zif268 is essential for stabilizing synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus and for the expression of hippocampal and non-hippocampal forms of long-term memory.
	www.nature.com /neuro/journal/v4/n3/full/nn0301_289.html (6072 words)

	A requirement for the immediate early gene Zif268 in the expression of late LTP and long-term memories - Nature ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus is associated with a rapid and robust transcription of the immediate early gene Zif268.
		We used a mutant mouse with a targeted disruption of Zif268 to ask whether this gene, which encodes a zinc finger transcription factor, is required for the maintenance of late LTP and for the expression of long-term memory.
		Thus, Zif268 is essential for the transition from short- to long-term synaptic plasticity and for the expression of long-term memories.
	www.nature.com /neurolink/v4/n3/abs/nn0301_289.html (238 words)

	End effects in DNA recognition by zinc finger arrays -- Choo 26 (2): 554 -- Nucleic Acids Research
		This mode of recognition of the DNA base sequence, where a linear series of contacts are made to adjacent bases in the major groove, is reminiscent of a third nucleic acid strand bound to a DNA duplex in formation of a triple helix (24).
		Comparative binding assay of Zif268 mutants in which the arginine residues of the RSD motifs from each finger are individually mutated to glycine.
		Three chemically and geometrically identical protein-DNA contacts in the Zif268 complex were disrupted, revealing that their contribution to complex stability was variable, with that of the contact at the N-terminal end of the zinc finger array being of lesser significance than those of the more central interactions.
	nar.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/26/2/554 (3255 words)

	Binding Studies with Mutants of Zif268. CONTRIBUTION OF INDIVIDUAL SIDE CHAINS TO BINDING AFFINITY AND SPECIFICITY IN ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Finger one is red, fingers two and three are yellow, the DNA is blue, and the zinc ions are gray (adapted from Ref. 12).
		The numbering scheme is the same as that used in papers describing the structure of the complex (11, 12) (adapted from Ref. 11).
		The Zif268 binding site is highlighted in bold; the numbering scheme is the same as that used in papers describing the structure of the complex (11, 12).
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/274/27/19281 (2974 words)

	Regulated transcription of the immediate-early gene Zif268: mechanisms and gene dosage-dependent function in synaptic ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The immediate-early gene Zif268 is a member of the Egr family of inducible transcription factors.
		In this report, we review our own data using Zif268 mutant mice; we show that although the early phase of dentate gyrus LTP is normal in these mice, the later phases are not present, and the ability of the mice to maintain learned information over a 24-h period is deficient.
		We show that spatial learning is particularly sensitive to reduced levels of Zif268, as one-half of the complement of Zif268 in heterozygous mice is insufficient to maintain spatial long-term memories.
	www.accelerated-learning-online.com /research/regulated-transcription-immediate-early-gene-zif--mechanisms-gene.asp (605 words)

	Cocaine, dopamine and messenger RNA
		Following a prolonged cocaine self-administration binge, dopamine efflux in the nucleus accumbens is attenuated and behaviors emerge that are indicative of anhedonia and anxiety.
		The level of zif268 messenger RNA was lower upon termination of cocaine self-administration than in both yoked treatment groups in the ventral tegmental area and hippocampus.
		In contrast, zif268 messenger RNA expression increased in the periaqueductal gray matter one day after termination of passive cocaine treatment, coincident with enhanced expression of ultrasonic vocalizations.
	www.cocaine.org /neurochemical/index.html (276 words)

	Cellular Imaging of zif268 Expression in the Hippocampus and Amygdala during Contextual and Cued Fear Memory Retrieval: ...
		Cellular Imaging of zif268 Expression in the Hippocampus and Amygdala during Contextual and Cued Fear Memory Retrieval: Selective Activation of Hippocampal CA1 Neurons during the Recall of Contextual Memories -- Hall et al.
		Expression of zif268 in neurons of the CA1 (b) and DG (c) after memory retrieval at 24 hr.
		Induction of zif268 expression was seen in CA1 neurons after the retrieval of recent, but not older, contextual fear associations.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/21/6/2186 (6208 words)

	The Role of Extracellular Regulated Kinases I/II in Late-Phase Long-Term Potentiation -- Rosenblum et al. 22 (13): 5432 ...
		to a DNA fragment encoding exon1 of the mouse zif268 gene.
		Expression of Zif268 and Homer mRNA 30 min after the induction of LTP in the dentate gyrus (DG) in vivo is attenuated by the MEK inhibitor PD98059.
		In the dentate gyrus, a significant reduction in the expression of both Zif268 and Homer was seen in the side injected with PD98059.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/22/13/5432 (7055 words)

	Epilepsy Research Laboratory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Using in situ hybridization and Northern blot analysis we have found that several of these genes, including zif268, c-fos, and members of the jun family respond rapidly and transiently in rat cortex and hippocampus after a single convulsion.
		Moreover, synaptic regulation of zif268 levels is dependent on activation of the NMDA type of glutamate receptor, as is establishment of longterm potentiation.
		Reports that zif268 levels in visual cortex are regulated by physiological afferent synaptic activity suggest that downregulation in cortex after chronic seizures may reflect an important change in cortical physiology.
	neuro-www.mgh.harvard.edu /research/cole.html (597 words)

	DNA microarrays used to investigate how proteins bind DNA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Martha Bulyk, of Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts, and colleagues tested Zif268, a mouse transcription factor, to study its interactions with DNA.
		The Zif268 protein contains zinc-fingers—structures common to transcription factors—that directly interact with the DNA helix.
		They also created a library of Zif268 mutants in which one of the three zinc fingers had been altered.
	www.genomenewsnetwork.org /articles/06_01/Proteins_bind.shtml (256 words)

	Zinc finger - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The cysteine and histidine residues bind a zinc atom.
		Many transcription factors (such as Zif268), regulatory proteins, and other proteins that interact with DNA, all contain zinc fingers.
		These proteins possess amino acid sequences that combine with a zinc ion.
	www.open-encyclopedia.com /Zinc_finger (98 words)

	DHEA, antibiotics, Weight Loss drugs, weight loss herbs, weight loss herbal formula, hair loss, hair growth, buy Rx ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The region-specific decrease in trypsin-like protease activity and absence of caspase-3 activation in SN signify the importance of trypsin-like protease in the regulation of apoptosis in MPTP-neurotoxicity in mice.
		Light-induced zif268 expression is dependent on noradrenergic input in rat visual cortex.
		In the present paper we investigated the role of the noradrenergic projection from the locus coeruleus on the expression of the immediate early gene zif268 in the visual cortex of rats exposed to ambient light stimulation.
	www.twinpharm.com /ref-dopamine/dopamine-research-abs4.331.html (1254 words)

	NSMA Research 2004 - Guzowski (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Previously, we have reported that transcription of the dendritic immediate-early genes (IEG) Arc and Homer 1a is activated in the same population of hippocampal and neocortical neurons in rats after exposure to a novel environment (Vazdarjanova et al., J Neurosci 2002).
		As both Arc and zif268 have been shown to be involved in the maintenance of recent synaptic modification and long-term memory, it is important to determine whether these genes are activated in the same neurons by experience.
		For these studies, we are using sensitive fluorescence in situ hybridization methods with intron specific probes for Arc and zif268 to detect cells actively transcribing these genes at the time of sacrifice.
	www.nsma.arizona.edu /abstracts/2004/guzowski.htm (252 words)

	Sensory Regulation of Immediate-early Genes c-fos and zif268 in Monkey Visual Cortex at Birth and Throughout the ...
		Zif268 immunostaining failed to reveal ODC at PD 0 after 3 h of monocular deprivation.
		The immunopositive columns are visible because of Zif268 down-regulation in complementary columns that represent the deprived eye.
		Chaudhuri A, Cynader MS (1993) Activity-dependent expression of the transcription factor Zif268 reveals ocular dominance columns in monkey visual cortex.
	cercor.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/9/2/179 (5508 words)

	Physiology Online - Proceedings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Zif268, also known as Krox24, Egr1 or NGFI-A, is one such IEG encoding a zinc finger transcription factor of the Egr family, which has been implicated in synaptic plasticity and memory consolidation.
		At the behavioural level, we found that long-term memory in zif268 mutant mice, but not short-term memory, is severely impaired in several tasks including social transmission of food preference, conditioned taste aversion and spatial navigation in the water-maze.
		We then explored the role of MAPK/ERK, CREB and zif268 in recognition memory, using a task based on the spontaneous preference of rodents for novelty and their ability to remember previously encountered objects.
	www.physoc.org /publications/proceedings/archive/article.asp?ID=551PSA2 (561 words)

	BIND - The Biomolecular Interaction Network (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Our studies focused on a fusion in which the three-finger Zif268 peptide was linked to a designed three-finger peptide (designated "NRE") that specifically recognizes a nuclear hormone response element.
		Conceptually, this is equivalent to a six-finger protein in which the central linker has been removed and the complex has been allowed to "relax" to its most stable conformation.
		The three dimensional structure of Tandem Zif268 Molecules Complexed to DNA was determined by crystallography.
	www.bind.ca /Action?identifier=bindid&idsearch=116458 (1771 words)

	[No title]
		Using the cellular compartment analysis of temporal activity by fluorescence in situ hybridization (catfish) (2) the temporal profile of transcription of the immediate early gene Zif268 (also known as Egr-1, Krox-24, NGFI-A) was assessed in rat hippocampal neurons after depolarization with 50 mM extracellular KCl.
		Particularly at later time points, Zif268 RNA can also be seen in a characteristic cytoplasmic localization pattern outside of the nucleus.
		Pharmacological experiments were done to examine the contribution of the ERK-MAP kinase pathway and the p38 MAP kinase pathway to KCl-induced Zif268 transcription.
	www.ulb.ac.be /assoc/ecs/docs/poster_2_38.doc (231 words)

	BIND - The Biomolecular Interaction Network (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Here we report the results of binding studies involving five mutants of Zif268 that have changes in the base-contacting residues of finger one.
		The previously determined 2.1 A structure of a complex containing the three zinc fingers from Zif268 has served as a basis for many modeling and design studies, and Zif268 has proved to be a very useful model system for studying how TFIIIA-like zinc fingers recognize DNA.
		The crystal was grown by using Zif268, 5'-D(ApGpCpGpTpGpGpGpCpGpG)-3', 5'-D(TpCpCpGpCpCpCpApCpGpC)-3', 300 mM NaCl, 10% PEG 1450, 25 mM Bis-Tris Propane pH 8.0, at 125K.
	www.bind.ca /Action?identifier=bindid&idsearch=98932 (1329 words)

	Constitutive Expression of zif268 in Neocortex is Regulated by Synaptic Activity -- Worley et al. 88 (12): 5106 -- ...
		Constitutive Expression of zif268 in Neocortex is Regulated by Synaptic Activity -- Worley et al.
		Here we demonstrate that this "constitutive" expression of the transcription factor zif268 in cortex is driven by natural synaptic activity.
		Anatomic markers for zif268 may be useful in mapping normal cortical activity in brain.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/abstract/88/12/5106 (798 words)

	Independent Cellular Processes for Hippocampal Memory Consolidation and
		By infusing antisense oligodeoxynucleotides into the hippocampus we show that consolidation and reconsolidation are doubly dissociable component processes of memory.
		Consolidation involves brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) but not Zif268, whereas reconsolidation recruits Zif268 but not BDNF.
		These experimental findings confirm a requirement for BDNF specifically in memory consolidation, and also resolves the role of Zif268 in brain plasticity, learning and memory.
	www.cryonet.org /cgi-bin/dsp.cgi?msg=23936 (352 words)

	Autostimulation of the Epstein-Barr Virus BRLF1 Promoter Is Mediated through Consensus Sp1 and Sp3 Binding Sites -- ...
		Zif268 and the viral transactivator ZEBRA were found to be dispensable
		immunoblotting for the expression of Zif268 and the immediate-early
		Zif268 expression does not correlate with lytic cycle induction in Cl16 cells.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/75/11/5240 (7008 words)

	Science -- DeGrado 278 (5335): 80 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The natural zinc finger protein Zif268 (left) is stabilized in part by a core of hydrophobic (green) side chains and metal-chelating side chains (red).
		In the designed protein FSD-1 (right), the Zif268 core is retained but the metal-chelating His residues and one of the Cys residues of Zif268 are converted to hydrophobic Phe and Ala residues, thereby extending the hydrophobic core.
		The apolar portion of this interfacial residue shields the hydrophobic core, whereas its ammonium group is exposed to solvent.
	www.moleculardevices.org /80.html (2462 words)

	ScienceWeek
		Both are blocked by the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin, and both require the activation of the transcription factors CREB and Zif268.
		However, there are also differences in the temporal profile and susceptibility of memories to disruption after acquisition and retrieval, and reconsolidation does not engage all of the molecular mechanisms involved in consolidation.
		By infusing antisense oligodeoxynucleotides into the hippocampus of rats, the authors demonstrate that consolidation and reconsolidation are doubly dissociable component processes of memory.
	www.scienceweek.com /2004/sc040730-1.htm (1346 words)

	Zif268 Protein-DNA Complex (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Zif268 is a sequence-specific, DNA-binding protein encoded by the human GLI oncogene.
		This model shows three of the Zif268 zinc fingers as Cartoons with Structure coloring.
		Elrod-Erickson, M., Rould, M. A., Nekludova, L., Pabo, C. (1996) "Zif268 protein-DNA complex refined at 1.6 A: a model system for understanding zinc finger-DNA interactions." Structure 4: 1171.
	info.bio.cmu.edu /courses/03231/ProtStruc/1zaa.htm (315 words)

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