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	The Zimmermann Telegram
		However, on 9 January 1917, Zimmermann attended a momentous meeting at the German castle of Pless, where the Supreme High Command was trying to persuade the Kaiser that it was time to renege on their promise, and embark on a course of unrestricted submarine warfare.
		Zimmermann's idea was to propose an alliance with Mexico, and persuade the president of Mexico to invade America and reclaim territories such as Texas, New Mexico and Arizona.
		Zimmermann had to encrypt his telegram because Germany was aware that the Allies were intercepting all its transatlantic communications, a consequence of Britain's first offensive action of the war.
	www.geocities.com /Colosseum/Park/8386/zman.htm (2699 words)

	Zimmermann Telegram - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Zimmermann Telegram (The Zimmermann Note) was a coded telegram dispatched by the Foreign Secretary of the German Empire, Arthur Zimmermann, on January 19, 1917, to the German ambassador in Mexico, Heinrich von Eckardt, at the height of World War I.
		The telegram as decrypted by the British Naval Intelligence codebreakers.
		In an unexpected move, Zimmermann confirmed the authenticity of the telegram on March 3, and again in a speech on March 29, 1917.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Zimmermann_Telegram (2142 words)

	First World War.com - Primary Documents - Arthur Zimmermann on the Zimmermann Telegram, 29 March 1917
		Reproduced below is the speech given by the German Foreign Minister Dr Arthur Zimmermann in which he confirmed the authenticity of the so-called Zimmermann Telegram.
		Zimmermann argued that there was nothing reprehensible in sending such a telegram, since Germany only intended to seek an alliance with Mexico were the U.S. to open hostilities against Germany.
		Until he gave the speech many in the U.S. doubted the authenticity of the telegram; such suspicions were dispelled by Zimmermann when he explicitly confirmed the telegram as genuine.
	www.firstworldwar.com /source/zimmermann_speech.htm (929 words)

	Retro-Gram™ presents a brief history of the telegram.
		The first line of most telegrams was called the “check,”which told in highly abbreviated form where the telegram had come from, what class of service it was, and how many words it contained, among other things.
		Telegram rates varied depending on the distance the message had to be sent, the speed with which it needed to be delivered, and its length.
		Telegrams were almost always brief, pointed, and momentous in a way unmatched by any other form of communication.
	www.retro-gram.com /telegramhistory.html (2051 words)

	Zimmermann Telegram (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		The Zimmermann Telegram was a Telegram dispatched by the Foreign Secretary of the German Empire, Arthur Zimmermann, on January 16, 1917, to the German ambassador in Mexico, Heinrich von Eckardt, at the height of World War I.
		The Zimmermann Telegram as it was sent from the German ambassador in Washington to Mexico.
		However, in an unexpected move, Zimmermann confirmed its authenticity on March 3 and again in a speech on March 29, 1917.
	zimmermann-telegram.iqnaut.net.cob-web.org:8888 (1436 words)

	Zimmermann Telegram biography .ms (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		The telegram was intercepted and decrypted enough to get the gist of it by codebreakers Nigel de Grey and William Montgomery of the British Naval Intelligence unit, Room 40, under Admiral William R. Hall.
		The telegram was delivered by Admiral Hall to the British Foreign Minister, Arthur James Balfour, who in turn contacted the US ambassador in Britain, Walter Page, and delivered the telegram to him on February 23.
		This was a great expense to the US government, and Wilson was leaning towards discontinuing the search until new elections were held in Mexico, a new government installed, and a new constitution promulgated (a constitutional convention, which would adopt the 1917 Constitution of Mexico, was underway at the time).
	zimmermann-telegram.biography.ms.cob-web.org:8888 (1341 words)

	Arthur Zimmermann Biography (Political Figure) — Infoplease.com
		Arthur Zimmermann gave his name to the so-called Zimmermann Telegram, one of the great diplomatic intrigues of World War I. Zimmermann was a career diplomat who had been in service to his native Germany since 1896.
		By the beginning of World War I, Zimmermann was the undersecretary of state for foreign affairs, and in 1916 he was named foreign minister.
		When the telegram was made public, President Woodrow Wilson had little choice but to declare war on Germany, and the U.S. entered the war.
	www.infoplease.com /biography/var/arthurzimmermann.html (207 words)

	Note Taken!
		Zimmermann as well challenged the United States to prove the authenticity of the telegram; the U.S. government was not able to derive conclusive evidence to prove that the telegram was not indeed a forgery.
		The Zimmermann Telegram, sent to Mexico solely as a precautionary measure before their declaration of unrestricted submarine warfare, may well have cost Germany the War.
		Recent studies have shown that the telegram was actually conceived and drafted by Latin American specialist of the German Foreign Office von Kemnitz, who, against the opposition of some of his colleagues, persuaded Zimmermann to send die telegram to the German Ambassador at Berlin.
	www.loyno.edu /history/journal/1990-1/guichet.htm (2711 words)

	The Zimmermann Telegram (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		It may be recalled that the ZT was sent by German Foreign Minister Arthur Zimmermann to the German ambassador in Mexico City suggesting a German-Mexican alliance in case of war between Germany and the United States.
		The telegram was drafted by one Herr von Kemnitz,
		Zimmermann did not state the source of the report but said that it could be found on page 14 of title 5 of “the compilation.” Presumably the compilation was something which was handed to members of the examining committee.
	www.washington-report.org.cob-web.org:8888 /backissues/1099/9910057.html (2277 words)

	The Zimmermann Telegram
		The Zimmermann Telegram by Barbara Tuchman recounts that story in all of its exciting detail.
		The coded telegram is from Decimal File 862.20212/82A (1910-1929), and the decoded telegram below is from Decimal File 862.20212/69 (1910-1929), General Records of the Department of State, Record Group 59.
		Zimmermann Telegram as Received by the German Ambassador to Mexico, 01/19/1917
	www.archives.gov /education/lessons/zimmermann (317 words)

	Amazon.de: The Zimmermann Telegram: English Books: Barbara Tuchman (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		At the same time if the British gave the Americans the Telegram and it was released, the Germans might deduce the existence of Room 40 and discover that their code had been unraveled, thereby compromising all British ability to "listen in" on the Germans for the rest of the war.
		Because The Zimmermann Telegram was well researched and convincing in its points, Tuchman revealed to the reader a deeper level of understanding surrounding the events that led up to the American declaration of war against Germany.
		She made the valid argument that it was the Zimmermann Telegram that ultimately brought Wilson and the American Congress (and people) to this decision after a long period of neutrality toward Germany.
	www.amazon.de /Zimmermann-Telegram-Barbara-Tuchman/dp/0345324250 (1258 words)

	Room 40 & the Naval Intelligence Division
		By the time Zimmermann sent his telegram, Room 40 was greatly expanded and had moved to larger quarters, though it continued to operate under the original name.
		The telegram was intercepted and decoded by British Naval Intelligence, but in order to avoid letting the Germans know that their secret code had been broken, Hall did not immediately inform either his Government or the Americans.
		Publication of the Zimmermann Telegram created a tremendous sensation in America and even though it was denounced as a forgery by the vocally strong, if numerically small pro-German faction in the United States, public opinion was swung over to the Allies at a vital moment of the war.
	hometown.aol.com /IRB1858/room40.html (20884 words)

	Zimmermann note - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		Zimmermann note secret telegram sent on Jan. 16, 1917, by German foreign secretary Arthur Zimmermann to Count Johann von Bernstorff, the German ambassador to the United States.
		In it Zimmermann said that in the event of war with the United States, Mexico should be asked to enter the war as a German ally.
		British intelligence intercepted and deciphered the telegram and sent it to President Woodrow Wilson, who released it on Mar. 1, 1917, to the press.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-zimmerma.html (340 words)

	Annotated Bibliography
		This was a good source for it contained many copies of the original documents, such as the decoded form of the Zimmermann Telegram.
		Zimmermann Telegram of January 16 1917 and Its Cryptographic Background.
		It captured most likely all the major events that occurred during the year the telegram was sent including the aftereffects it caused.
	www.freewebs.com /zimmermantelegram/bibliography.htm (1324 words)

	First World War.com - Primary Documents - Zimmermann Telegram, 19 January 1917
		In January of 1917, British cryptographers deciphered a telegram from German Foreign Minister Arthur Zimmermann to the German Minister to Mexico, von Eckhardt, offering United States territory to Mexico in return for joining the German cause.
		Zimmermann himself dispelled initial suspicions regarding the telegram's authenticity by giving a speech in which he confirmed its existence.
		It is his opinion that "never before or since has so much turned upon the solution of a secret message." In an effort to protect their intelligence from detection and to capitalize on growing anti-German sentiment in the United States, the British waited until February 24 to present the telegram to Woodrow Wilson.
	www.firstworldwar.com /source/zimmermann.htm (467 words)

	Channel4.com - The First World War - text only
		In January 1917, Zimmermann sent a telegram to his ambassador to Mexico, Heinrich J F von Eckhardt, urging him to try and foment hostilities between Mexico and the United States.
		However, Zimmermann's transmission was intercepted by Britain and passed on to the men of Room 40.
		The telegram's 1,000 code-groups were deciphered over the course of two weeks and the contents passed on to the American ambassador in London.
	channel4.com /history/microsites/F/firstworldwar/cont_cracking_3_t.html (375 words)

	Mexican-German Relations, 1910-1918
		Zimmermann's solution was to offer the return to Mexico of the American Southwest, though he thought Carranza would attack only if he received German armaments and a guarantee that Germany would not conclude a peace without including Mexico.
		Although President Wilson knew the telegram was authentic, he could not prove it to the public without revealing how it had been deciphered, and he therefore knew he could not ask Congress for a declaration of war.
		Katz calls Zimmermann's proposal "a large-scale deceptive maneuver to incite Carranza to a suicidal attack on the United States." Another historian says "Carranza knew that Mexico might not be able to withstand the holocaust of expanded warfare," and that the Telegram itself was "a German attempt to lure him into a hopeless war." Katz, p.
	www.wibemedia.com /mexico-germany.html (5479 words)

	Telegraph \| News
		The document is believed to be the actual telegram shown to the American ambassador in London in 1917 that proved Germany's hostility to the United States and guaranteed President Woodrow Wilson's entry into the First Word War.
		The interception of the Zimmerman Telegram gave Britain the lever it needed to drag America into the war which had fallen into stalemate on the Western Front.
		The British had intercepted the telegram as the message passed along American-owned cables through London to Johann von Bernstorff, the German ambassador in Washington, on Jan 16.
	news.telegraph.co.uk /news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2005/10/17/nzimm17.xml (722 words)

	First World War.com - Primary Documents - Arthur Zimmermann on the Zimmermann Telegram, 29 March 1917 (via CobWeb/3.1 ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		Primary Documents: Arthur Zimmermann on the Zimmermann Telegram, 29 March 1917
		In the telegram - in the text below Zimmermann dismissed suggestions that he separately wrote a letter to the Mexican leader General Carranza - Zimmermann suggested that Germany seek a military alliance with Mexico in the event that the U.S. entered the war against Germany.
		Arthur Zimmermann's Speech Regarding the Zimmermann Telegram, 29 March 1917
	www.firstworldwar.com.cob-web.org:8888 /source/zimmermann_speech.htm (932 words)

	The Balfour Declaration and the Zimmermann Note
		This was a message sent on Jan. l6, 1917, by the German foreign minister, Arthur Zimmermann, via the German ambassador in Washington, to the German minister in Mexico City.
		Accepted history is that the Zimmermann Note was sent encrypted on Jan. 16, 1917, intercepted by the British and subsequently decoded.
		It explains how the British were able to obtain the verbatim text of the Zimmermann Telegram although it was sent in a code that the Germans were confident the British would be unable to crack.
	www.washington-report.org /backissues/0897/9708018.html (2868 words)

	America Declares War on Germany, 1917
		The telegram came from the German Foreign Secretary, Arthur Zimmermann, to the German ambassador to Mexico.
		Zimmermann proposed that in the event of war with the US, Germany and Mexico would join in an alliance.
		Release of the telegram ignited a public furor further enflamed by the loss of four US merchant ships and 15 American lives to German torpedo attacks.
	www.eyewitnesstohistory.com /wilsonwar.htm (1162 words)

	.: All American Patriots :. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		This telegram, written by German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmermann, is a coded message sent to Mexico, proposing a military alliance against the United States.
		On February 24 Britain released the Zimmerman telegram to Wilson, and news of the telegram was published widely in the American press on March 1.
		The Zimmerman telegram clearly had helped draw the United States into the war and thus changed the course of history.
	www.allamericanpatriots.com /m-wfsection+print+articleid-352.html (432 words)

	World War I - Zimmermann Telegram
		On 16 January 1917, German Foreign Minister Zimmermann sent the German Minister in Mexico an enciphered message with a proposal to be presented to the Mexican government.
		Zimmermann proposed a German-Mexican alliance, with the payoff being Mexico's recovery of the territory lost in the Mexican-American War.
		Constantinides sees the British interception and deciphering of the Zimmermann telegrams as "one of the greatest and most significant cryptanalytic successes in history." Tuchman's account suffers from having been written before the 1965 declassification of Friedman and Mendelsohn's 1938 work, The Zimmermann Telegram of January 16, 1917 and Its Cryptographic Background.
	intellit.muskingum.edu /worldwari_folder/wwizimmermann.html (1098 words)

	[4.0] Codes & Codebreakers In World War I
		It was from the new German Foreign Minister, Arthur Zimmermann, to the German embassy in Mexico City, and it outlined a scheme that the British could not have imagined in their wildest dreams.
		The telegram was a proposal to the Mexican government suggesting that Mexico invade the United States to reclaim territories lost in the 1848 war between the US and Mexico.
		The "Zimmermann Telegram", as it came to be known, was handed over to the American ambassador to Britain on 23 February 1917.
	www.vectorsite.net /ttcode_04.html (7377 words)

	SparkNotes: World War I (1914–1919): The United States Enters the War
		In the telegram, sent by German foreign minister Alfred Zimmermann to his ambassador in Mexico on January 16, Zimmermann instructed the ambassador to offer Mexico generous financial aid if it would ally itself with Germany against the United States.
		The exposure of the Zimmermann telegram and other German subterfuge further convinced the American public that the war was threatening American interests.
		Although it was the Zimmermann telegram that effectively turned American public opinion, in truth, the “threat” presented in the telegram bordered on the absurd.
	www.sparknotes.com /history/european/ww1/section8.rhtml (1519 words)

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