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Topic: Zinc fluoride

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	Zinc chloride - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Zinc chloride is an ionic salt, though some covalent character is indicated by its low melting point (275 °C) and its high solubility in solvents such as diethyl ether.
		One use for zinc chloride is as a flux for soldering.
		Zinc chloride is also a useful starting point for the synthesis of many organozinc reagents, such as those used in the palladium catalysed Negishi coupling with aryl halides or vinyl halides
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Zinc_chloride (817 words)

	American Elements: Zinc Supplier & Technical Information
		Zinc oxide is widely used in the manufacture of paints, rubber products, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, floor coverings, plastics, printing inks, soap, storage batteries, textiles, electrical equipment, and other products.
		Zinc sulfide is used in making luminous dials, X-ray and TV screens, and fluorescent lights The chloride and chromate are also important compounds.
		Zinc is available as metal and compounds with purities from 99% to 99.9999% (ACS grade to ultra-high purity); metals in the form of foil, sputtering target, and rod, and compounds as submicron and nanopowder.
	www.americanelements.com /zn.html (211 words)

	[No title]
		Zinc is thought to be of importance to thyroid hormone synthesis in the liver.
		Studies on depression showed significantly lower zinc levels in major depressed patients than in normal volunteers and it was suggested that lower serum zinc in depression may be due to interference in the liver (Maes et al, 1999).
		Zinc and fluoride were water quality variables associated with mottling in a study investigating the prevalence of dental mottling in school-aged lifetime residents of 16 Texas communities (Butler et al, 1985).
	www.sonic.net /~kryptox/medicine/pfpc/pfpc5-22-00.txt (2590 words)

	Zinc oxide (UK PID)
		Zinc oxide powder reacts violently with chlorinated rubber at 215°C. Reacts slowly with fatty acids in fats and oils to produce lumpy masses of zinc oleate and stearate.
		Zinc absorption is affected by diet; it is inhibited by calcium, phosphorus and phytates and facilitated by dietary protein (Hunt et al, 1991).
		Inhalation Pulmonary toxicity Occupational inhalation of zinc oxide fumes occurs during zinc welding, smelting and galvanizing, and causes a dose-dependent inflammatory response in the lung.
	www.intox.org /databank/documents/chemical/zincoxd/ukpid87.htm (5428 words)

	Patent 6,169,118 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Zinc compounds include both inorganic and organic zinc salts and, in particular, salts such as the halides, nitrates, sulfates, chromates, silicates, and compounds comprising complexes of these materials constituting the inorganic salts contemplated herein.
		Zinc chloride and zinc citrate are used as anti-odor ingredients in dental formulations.
		Zinc acetate and zinc gluconate are favored in compositions for treating common colds.
	www.pharmcast.com /Patents/January2001/6169118_Flavor010201.htm (1824 words)

	* Fluoride - (Diet): Definition
		Fluoride is not technically an essential mineral, because the body can live without it, the benefits that fluoride has on cavity prevention are very well documented.
		The trace minerals are: iron, iodine, zinc, copper, manganese, fluoride, chromium, selenium, and molybdenum.
		You may need extra magnesium, silicon, fluoride, zinc, copper, boron, manganese, phosphorus and Vitamin D to allow your body to use that extra calcium...
	en.mimi.hu /diet/fluoride.html (146 words)

	Allergy, Hypersensitivity, gastrointestinal and skin irritation are known side effects of fluoride ingestion
		The effect of fluoride was biphasic: it caused a rapid (t1/2 less than 1 s) decrease in the initial velocity of the reaction followed by slow (t 1/2 greater than or equal to 4 s) inactivation of the enzyme during catalysis.
		SD rats were given fluoride 20 mg/kg for 14 days through a gastrointestinal tube, body weight growth depressed obviously, the ratio of the Liver and Kidney weight to body weight increased significantly, hemoglobin concentration dropped and morphology and metabolism of collagen all became abnormal.
		Fluoride ingestion and its correlation with gastrointestinal discomfort.
	www.fluoridation.com /adverse.htm (6620 words)

	Ref Set: Zinc and the Thyroid
		the symptoms of "zinc deficiency" are identical to the ones ascribed to hypothyroidism.
		Fluoride intake in rodents comparable to the total intake by man in fluoridated areas, leads to zinc deficiency in the testis, liver and kidneys (Krasowska, 1992, 1996).
		Zinc, copper, manganese, and selenium metabolism in thyroid disease.
	www.rvi.net /~fluoride/000125.htm (2157 words)

	Nat' Academies Press, Diet and Health: Implications for Reducing Chronic Disease Risk (1989)
		Zinc levels in plasma and hair were not significantly different between subjects with normal histology and those with lesions presumed to be precusors of cancer (e.g., esophagitis, dysplasia, acanthosis).
		Zinc concentrations were lowest in carcinomatous tissue, highest in BPH tissue, and intermediate in normal tissue (Feustel and Wennrich, 1984; Feustel et al., 1982; Györkey et al., 1967).
		Since zinc is part of the mineral content of bone, it might play a role in osteoporosis; however, there was no difference in the zinc content of bone samples taken from the iliac crest of 88 subjects with normal mineral status and 50 subjects with osteoporosis.
	www.nap.edu /books/0309039940/html/367.html (13208 words)

	[No title]
		Because it was known that fluorides accumulated in the system, and eventually would cause the opposite condition - hypothyroidism, May was driven to find alternative compounds after it became known that all organic fluoride compounds maintained not only their character as an anti-thyroid, but could greatly enhance such activity.
		Thirty years ago, only three enzymes that required zinc for their activities were identified; today more than 300 such enzymes have been classified (Prasad, 1996) The discovery of zinc "finger proteins" within the past two decades has further led to vastly improved understanding of how cells replicate and divide.
		Considering that nuclear receptors for the steroid/thyroid superfamily are all zinc finger proteins, it is not surprising that zinc deficiency impairs the metabolism of thyroid hormones, androgens, and growth hormones.
	www.sonic.net /~kryptox/medicine/pfpc/gproteins.txt (2609 words)

	Patent 4849031: Process of producing phosphate coatings on metal surfaces
		The required concentration of fluoride, which concentration is detected with the fluoride-sensitive electrode, is approximately as high as the content of dissociated (free) fluoride (F.sup.-) in the phosphatizing solution.
		When fluoride has been added and it is then attempted to maintain the free acid content at the usual value which had existed before the addition of fluoride, the zinc concentration will rapidly decrease and the resulting coatings will be of lower quality.
		The influence of the measured fluoride activity (F(el)) on the optimum content of free acid is taken into account by the correcting term K. In calculating the term K in the above equation the lower and higher values in parentheses apply to the lower and higher concentrations respectively.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4849031.html (1794 words)

	[No title]
		Zinc is insoluble in cold and hot water and soluble in acid, alkalies, and acetic acid.
		Zinc oxide is used in paints, ointments, cosmetics, cement, glass, automobile tires, fabricated rubber products, plumbing fixtures, glue, matches, tiles, ceramics and porcelains, feed additives, seed treatment, inks, zinc green, electrostatic copying paper and color photography, flame retardant, semiconductor manufacturing, and as an ultraviolet absorber in plastics (Merck, 1989; Sax, 1987).
		Zinc compounds are expected to be particle-associated or in the aerosol form in the atmosphere, and hence subject to wet and dry deposition.
	www.scorecard.org /chemical-profiles/html/zinc.html (1314 words)

	Zinc fluoride. TOXNET profile from Hazadous Substances Data Bank.
		Fluoride levels in urine should be checked periodically and all workers should be subjected to periodical skeletal X-ray exam particularly of the pelvis.
		Chronic manifestations of excess fluoride in cattle are...
		Upon intravenous injection zinc is distributed to erythrocytes, plasma, and leukocytes; about 80% of the zinc present in the blood is found in the erythrocytes, 12-20% in the plasma, and about 3% in the leukocytes.
	www.fluoridealert.org /pesticides/zinc.fluoride.toxnet.hsdb.htm (5442 words)

	PF Online Feature Article: Zinc Phosphate Coatings on Non-Ferrous Substrates (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		According to Rausch (4), the fluoride assists in keeping the galvanize active (minimizes passivation) so that areas that contain impurities (aluminum and lead) can be uniformly phosphate coated along with the zinc.
		In that case a nickel-chlorate zinc phosphate solution was used in an attempt to form a coating.
		Freeman states that for galvanize surfaces, fluoride is used to activate the surface and complex any dissolved aluminum from the surface that could poison the phosphating solution (5).
	www.p2pays.org /ref/06/05268.htm (1436 words)

	Zinc silicofluoride (zinc fluosilicate). CAS No. 16871-71-9. Profile from Hazardous Substances Data Bank.
		Absorbed fluoride is distributed throughout the tissues of the body by the blood.
		Fluoride that is not retained is excreted rapidly in urine.
		The concn of fluoride retained in bones and teeth is a function of both the concn of fluoride intake and the duration of exposure.
	www.fluorideaction.org /pesticides/zinc.silicofluoride.toxnet.htm (6192 words)

	Human Nutrition
		This makes sense because fluoride ions are incorporated along with calcium and phosphate ions in the crystalline structure of which both bones and teeth are constructed.
		Perhaps because the range between optimum and excess is more narrow for fluoride than for most minerals in the diet, water fluoridation has been controversial.
		Zinc supplements are popular for their supposed antioxidant properties and to hasten the recovery from colds.
	users.rcn.com /jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/N/Nutrition.html (2175 words)

	Fluoride Supplier & Technical Information
		American Elements is a manufacturer and supplier of the Fluoride of Cerium, Lanthanum, Erbium, Ytterbium, Neodymium, Yttrium and other Rare Earth elements, Gallium, Hafnium, Scandium, Niobium, Indium, Ruthenium, Zirconium as well as other advanced elements.
		Fluoride is used when oxide forms would cause oxygen contamination.
		For example, fluoride is used in optic, laser, crystal and glass applications.
	www.americanelements.com /Fluoride_Page1.html (1063 words)

	Minerals
		Trace minerals includes iron, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, fluoride, and selenium.
		Zinc helps your immune system, which is your body's system for fighting off illnesses and infections.
		It also helps with cell growth and helps heal wounds, such as cuts.
	kidshealth.org /kid/stay_healthy/food/minerals.html (524 words)

	Special Compounds (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Many binary and complex oxides are available for deposition onto particulates or reticulated metallic or ceramic bodies, where specific properties such as catalytic activity, surface modification of dielectric/conductivity characteristics, optical characteristics, and the requirement for hydrophobic coatings is required.
		In general, fluorides are employed for their chemical inertness, and optical qualities, through thin film interference effects they impart to suitable substrates.
		Most applicable fluorides have very low solubilities in aqueous systems, and are deposited via specialized and proprietary methods.
	www.loradchemical.com /special-compounds.html (432 words)

	Chemistry : Periodic Table : zinc : compounds information
		For each compound, a formal oxidation number for zinc is given, but the usefulness of this number is limited for p-block elements in particular.
		Based upon that oxidation number, an electronic configuration is also given but note that for more exotic compounds you should view this as a guide only.
		In compounds of zinc (where known), the most common oxidation numbers of zinc are: 2.
	www.webelements.com /webelements/elements/text/Zn/comp.html (207 words)

	NYUCD: Research - LeGeros (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Role of carbonate, magnesium, fluoride, strontium, zinc, etc on the formation and stability of biological and synthetic apatite
		Effects of carbonate, citrate, pyrophosphate, fluoride, magnesium, zinc on the formation of biologically relevant calcium phosphates [amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), tricalcium phosphate (b-TCP).
		Substitution of fluoride, carbonate, strontium, magnesium in synthetic apatites and effect on properties.
	www.nyu.edu /dental/research/faculty/legeros_rz.html (608 words)

	[No title]
		Fluoride should be monitored if the permittee fluoridates its finished water product.
		Zinc shall be monitored if the Permittee uses any zinc-based additive in the water treatment process.
		For discharges to fresh waters, pH will be limited in the range of 6-9 standard units.
	h2o.enr.state.nc.us /NPDES/documents/greensandpermitting.doc (279 words)

	Operative Dentistry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Zinc Phosphate > GI > RZOE >> ZOE Zinc Phosphate
		brittleness amalgam, zinc phosphate are brittle - brittle materials have high compressive strengths low tensile strengths
		The zinc oxide reacts with polyacrylic acid ------>cross-linked structure of zinc polyacrylate
	www.cwru.edu /dental/web/operative/luting.htm (597 words)

	Clinical Study of the Anticaries Efficacy of Three Fluoride Dentifrices Containing Anticalculus Ingredients: Three Year ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		A 3 year double blind clinical trial was conducted t compare the caries inhibition of an A.D.A.-accepted fluoride dentifrice to the caries inhibitions provided by three fluoride dentifrices containing anticalculus agents.
		There were no statistically significant differences in any of the dental parameters tested, DMFS, DMFT, and buccolingual, mesiodistal and occlusal surface increments.
		It was concluded that the presence of anticalculus agents, specifically soluble pyrophosphate, zinc chloride and zinc oxide, do not interfere with the caries inhibition benefits of fluoride in a compatable dentifrice formulation.
	www.jclindent.com /Abstracts/Ripa_v221.html (209 words)

	Zinc Oxide,Zinc,lithium Sulphate,Lithium Nitrate,Cobalt Chloride,Cobalt Sulphate,Nickel Sulphate,Strontium ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Zinc Oxide,Zinc,lithium Sulphate,Lithium Nitrate,Cobalt Chloride,Cobalt Sulphate,Nickel Sulphate,Strontium nitrate:welcome to Aushine Zinc
		Qingyuan Fine Zinc Oxide Plant) was established in 1992.
		The main products are Pyro Sintered Zinc Concentrate, Zinc Oxide, Zinc Salt, Fluoride, Strontium Salts, Lithium salt, Cobalt Salt, Nickel Salt, and etc. In the past of eight years, we insist on winning the market by good reputation and steady quality.
	www.chinazincriver.com (102 words)

	Pfaltz & Bauer (Part 1)
		Challenge us today to search our warehouse or the world for the rare and routine chemicals you need for research or production.
		Zinc Octoate (in Mineral Spirits) 18% Zinc Content
		Vanillin Propylene Glycol Acet Al Sodium Uranyl Zinc Acetate
	www.chembuyersguide.com /partners/pfaltzandbauer.html (228 words)

	Environmental A -E. Adverse Effects. Fluorinated & Fluoride Pesticides. Fluoride Action Network Pesticide Project.
		Ammonium Bifluoride * Ammonium Fluoborate * Ammonium Fluoride * Ammonium Silicofluoride * Antimony Trifluoride * Beryllium Fluoride * Ferric Fluoride * Hydrofluoric Acid * Lead Fluoborate * Lead Fluoride * Sodium Bifluoride * Sodium Fluoride * Zinc Fluoride * Zinc Silicofluoride * Zirconium Potassium Fluoride.
		, chlorothalonil, zinc pyrithione, TCMS (2,3,3,6-tetrachloro-4-methylsulfonyl) pyridine, TCMTB [2-(thiocyanomethylthio) benzothiazole], and zineb.
		Since 1993, several studies have demonstrated the presence of these biocides in European coastal environment as a result of their increased use.
	www.fluorideaction.org /pesticides/effects.environmental.a-e.htm (7616 words)

	Newsletters (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Leo Spira; What is Zinc Deficiency?; Adverse Health Effects of Zinc Deficiency; Brain, Zinc, Behaviour and Children; The Role of Fluoride in Zinc Deficiency
		Adenyl Cyclase, TSH and the thyroid; Evidence:Fluoride activity; Fluoride and I131 uptake.
		A large newsletter - almost a book - discussing the alleged “topical benefits” of fluoride.
	64.177.90.157 /pfpc/html/newsletter_9.html (321 words)

	Zinc silicofluoride (16871-71-9). Index from Fluoride Action Network Pesticide Project.
		Fluoride/fluorinated substances identified in Agreement between Canada and the United States on Great Lakes Water Quality, 1978.
		- Hazardous Polluting Substances: Ammonium Bifluoride * Ammonium Fluoborate * Ammonium Fluoride * Ammonium Silicofluoride * Antimony Trifluoride * Beryllium Fluoride * Ferric Fluoride * Hydrofluoric Acid * Lead Fluoborate * Lead Fluoride * Sodium Bifluoride * Sodium Fluoride * Zinc Fluoride *
		Potential Hazardous Polluting Substances: Aluminum Fluoride * Antimony Pentafluoride * Benfluralin * Chlorflurazole * Cobaltous Fluoride * Stannous Fluoride
	www.fluoridealert.org /pesticides/zinc.silicofluoride-page.htm (283 words)

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