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	Grigory Zinoviev - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Zinoviev, Kamenev and their allies in the Bolshevik Central Committee argued that the Bolsheviks had no choice but to start negotiations since a railroad strike would cripple their government's ability to fight the forces that were still loyal to the overthrown Provisional Government.
		Zinoviev was one of the most powerful figures in the Soviet leadership during Lenin's final illness in 1922-1923 and immediately after his death in January 1924.
		Zinoviev is remembered in Britain as the putative author of the 'Zinoviev Letter' which caused a sensation when published on October 25, 1924, four days before a general election.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Grigory_Yevseyevich_Zinoviev (1935 words)

	AllRefer.com - Grigori Evseyevich Zinoviev (Russian, Soviet, And CIS History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Zinoviev was one of Lenin's closest collaborators in exile (1909–17) and returned to Russia with him after the Feb., 1917, revolution.
		Zinoviev led the triumvirate's attack on Leon Trotsky, calling for his expulsion from the party.
		Zinoviev was removed from his party posts in 1926 and expelled from the party in 1927.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/Z/Zinoviev.html (534 words)

	Grigory Zinoviev - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Zinoviev was a member of the Bolshevik faction from its creation in 1903, and one of Lenin's closest associates.
		When it came to real action, Zinoviev shrank from the proposed revolutionary coup and on October 10, 1917, he and Kamenev were the only two Central Committee members to vote against Lenin on the issue of staging the armed action which was to place the Bolsheviks in power.
		However, Zinoviev soon returned to the fold, and became a member of the powerful Politburo from 1919, as well as the head of the Comintern.
	www.pineville.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Grigory_Zinoviev (446 words)

	Gregory Zinoviev
		As one of the key leaders of the Bolsheviks, Zinoviev was involved in the struggle with the Mensheviks for control over the workers and the armed forces in the city.
		In 1912 Zinoviev, Lev Kamenev and Vladimir Lenin moved to Krakow in Galicia to be closer to Russia.
		Zinoviev reached the peak of his power in 1923 when with Joseph Stalin and Lev Kamenev became one of the Triumvirate that planned to take over from Vladimir Lenin when he died.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /RUSzinoviev.htm (2331 words)

	Excerpt from Zinoviev Testimony
		Continuing his testimony, Zinoviev relates that during his conversations with Smirnov in 1931 he conferred with him with regard to an understanding on uniting the Trotskyites and the Zinovievites on the basis of terrorism and that this was done on Trotsky's instruction.
		Continuing his testimony Zinoviev states, in reply to a question by Comrade Vyshinsky as to what practical steps were taken in preparation for the assassination of the leaders of the Party and the government, that in the autumn of 1932 a conference was held in Ilyinskoye attended by himself, Kamenev, Evdokimov, Bakayev and Karev.
		Zinoviev: His fascism showed itself when he said that in a situation like the present we must resort to the use of every possible means.
	www.brown.edu /Courses/HI0135/Documents/Zinoviev.htm (1716 words)

	Zinoviev’s “Homo Sovieticus”: Communism as Social Entropy
		Zinoviev contends that Western observers of communism are seriously mistaken in using social analyses and a conceptual framework appropriate for studying social phenomena in the West, but inappropriate for the analysis of communist systems.
		Zinoviev’s main thesis is that an average citizen living in a communist system -- whom he labels homo sovieticus -- behaves and responds to social stimuli in a similar manner to the way his Western counterpart responds to stimuli of his own social landscape.
		Zinoviev dismisses the liberal reductionist perception of economics, which is based on the premise that the validity or efficiency of a country is best revieled by it high economic output or workers’ standard of living.
	foster.20megsfree.com /390.htm (2398 words)

	Letter To The Central Committee Of The R.S.D.L.P.(B.) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Zinoviev pretends not to understand this difference, he pretends not to understand that after a decision to strike has been taken by the centre, only fllegs can carry on agitation among the lower bodies against that decision.
		Kamenev's and Zinoviev's statement in the non-Party press was especially despicable for the additional reason that the Party is not in a position to refute their slanderous lie openly.
		Kamenev and Zinoviev have betrayed to Rodzyanko and Kerensky the decision of the Central Committee of their Party on insurrection and the decision to conceal from the enemy preparations for insurrection and the date appointed for it.
	www.marxists.org.uk /archive/lenin/works/1917/oct/19.htm (1270 words)

	Alexander Zinoviev
		Zinoviev's tonalities - they are often muted, sombre, "cold", chthonic - express another world, a distorted, occasionally ironical, at times profoundly bewitching, at times obsessively disturbing world.
		Add to that a baroque, albeit often manneristic emphasis created by the juxtaposition of contrasted colours of a bitter-sweet quality, and the physical distortions of humans and animals, especially horses, whose bodies are given the clean, plastic elongations to which Picasso was partial (Guernica).
		Zinoviev fantasizes greatly even in the very lifelike and vibrant portraits of his friends Ros-tropovitch and Askenazy.
	www.zinoviev.ru /eng/art.html (659 words)

	Glossary of People: Zi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Zinoviev immediately supported the Bolsheviks and joined their faction; after the congress he was sent back to Russia as a party worker, but his health was poor and he had to return abroad.
		Zinoviev used this as an excuse to launch the ‘Literary debate’—a massive campaign in the party press in which the slogan of Trotsky’s ‘under-estimation of the peasantry’ was invented and proclaimed, while the writings of Trotsky and his comrades in the Left Opposition were suppressed.
		Zinoviev intrigued with Kamenev to oust Stalin from the General Secretaryship, and proposed that he replace Trotsky as Commissar of War; they found it was too late to dislodge Stalin from his position in the apparatus.
	www.marxists.org /glossary/people/z/i.htm (2457 words)

	An analysis of G. Zinoviev's letter to the I.W.W. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Zinoviev's comments simply indicate how unpopular the Bolshevik dictatorship had become in the eyes of the Russian masses (in early 1921, Zinoviev declared that the government's support among the working class had been reduced to 1 per cent).
		Zinoviev himself was the head of the Petrograd Soviet which, in 1919, sent troops to break strikes in the city.
		Zinoviev clearly admits that, in practice, the soviets have delegated their power to the "Council of People's Commissars" which is the real power in "the Workers' State." As he says, it "directs the country," not the working class.
	struggle.ws /anarchism/writers/anarcho/zinoviev.html (12817 words)

	Lunacharsky on Zinoviev (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Naturally Zinoviev's speeches are not as rich or as full of new ideas as the real leader of the revolution, Lenin, and he cannot compete in graphic power with Trotsky, but with the exception of these two orators, Zinoviev has no equals.
		Zinoviev recedes slightly in comparison with them, but on the other hand Lenin and Trotsky have so long been regarded in our ranks as men of such enormous talent, as such incontestable leaders, that their colossal increase in stature during the revolution can hardly have evoked any particular surprise.
		Stalin finally dealt with Zinoviev by imprisoning him in 1935 for 'moral complicity' in the murder of Kirov and then made sure that he would not survive by arraigning him at the first 'purge' trial in 1936, at which Zinoviev was condemned and shot.
	www.marxists.org /archive/lunachar/works/silhouet/zinoviev.htm (2297 words)

	Stalin versus Trotsky (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Zinoviev, especially, had an international prestige which Stalin lacked, while both Kamenev and he were regarded as theorists in a way Stalin was not--and a Communist leader had to be a theorist.
		Zinoviev managed to use his position in Leningrad to rally the powerful Party organization there to is support, in opposition to the new Politburo majority.
		Zinoviev and Kamenev tardily recognized Stalin as the man from whom they had most to fear and carefully prepared an attack on him for the XIV Party Congress, to be held in December 1925.
	mars.wnec.edu /~grempel/courses/stalin/lectures/StalinTrot.html (3852 words)

	No Title
		Zinoviev, V. Sobolev and E. Shchepakina., Criterion for Thermal Explosion with Reactant Consumption in a Dusty Gas, Proc.
		Zinoviev, A spatially uniform model of self-ignition due to combustible fluid leakage in insulation materials: the effect of initial conditions, SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics (in press).
		Zinoviev, Scenarios of a heat explosion in combustible gas with water drops, 9th Conference of the European Consortium for Mathematics in Industry (ECMI 96), Copenhagen, Denmark.
	www.cs.bgu.ac.il /~annzi/pub/pub.html (508 words)

	RUSNET :: Encyclopedia :: Z :: Zinoviev, Grigory
		Zinoviev was one of Lenin's closest collaborators in exile (1909-1917) and returned to Russia with him after the February 1917 revolution.
		On Lenin's death (1924), Zinoviev, Kamenev, and Stalin formed a ruling triumvirate.
		Zinoviev led the triumvirate's attack on Lev Trotsky, calling for his expulsion from the party.
	www.rusnet.nl /encyclo/z/zinoviev.shtml (372 words)

	[No title]
		Zinoviev and other dissidents, seeing these revisionists making their way up the government ladder, made him blind to the progress, enthusiasm and creative work of the masses.
		The newspaper asked Zinoviev about his mother when she was working on a collective farm if she would like to quit the collective and have her own property.
		Zinoviev's attitude to Stalin has also undergone a radical change, even though he was a rabid anti-Stalinist.
	www.geocities.com /redcomrades/dissident.html (1957 words)

	Document 4
		Stalin and, in particular, he consulted with Zinoviev on the question of what was Lenin’s attitude toward the military alliance between the Soviet Union and capitalist countries, and what should be the position of the party and the party’s tasks on this question.
		In this letter, Zinoviev advises Rumiantsev to re-join the party, that he file an application in such a way that the C[entral] C[ontrol] C[ommission] would admit him, that he write whatever is necessary, whatever the party would require [from him to be able] to return to the party.
		Zinoviev is not an apolitical person, he is not a person whose relationships were based on personal friendships and acquaintances.
	www.yale.edu /annals/Chase/Documents/doc4chapt2.htm (14212 words)

	Stalin Removes Zinoviev: 1926
		Kamenev and Zinoviev supported Trotsky in his opinion that if communism did not spread to other countries it would be overthrown and replaced capitalism (Spartacus).
		This along with the obtrusive removal of Trotsky was enough to convince Kamenev and Zinoviev that Stalin could not be trusted, as he could turn on them as easily as he had turned on Trotsky.
		Kamenev and Zinoviev were, of course, found guilty of these charges and were condemned to jail for a period of ten years.
	www.thenagain.info /WebChron/EastEurope/StalinZinoviev.CP.html (758 words)

	Grigory Zinoviev - TheBestLinks.com - August 25, Bolshevik, Communism, Central Committee, ...
		Zinoviev, Grigory Zinoviev, August 25, Bolshevik, Communism, Central Committee...
		Grigory Yevseyevich Zinoviev (Григо́рий Евсе́евич Зино́вьев, real name Ovsel Gershon Aronov Radomyslsky (Радомысльский), also known as Hirsch Apfelbaum), (September 23 [September 11, Old Style], 1883 - August 25, 1936) was a Bolshevik revolutionary and a Soviet Communist politician.
		Zinoviev soon returned to the fold, and became a member of the powerful Politburo from 1919, as well as the head of the Comintern.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Zinoviev.html (446 words)

	Zinoviev Letter - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The "Zinoviev Letter" is thought to have been instrumental in the Conservative Party's victory in the British general election of October 29, 1924, which ended the country's first Labour government.
		Allegedly addressed from Grigori Zinoviev, president of the presidium of the Executive Committee of the Communist International (Comintern), to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Great Britain, the letter purported to advocate intensified Communist agitation in Britain, not least in the armed forces.
		Published in the conservative British Daily Mail newspaper four days before the election, the letter came at a sensitive time also in relations between Britain and the Soviet Union, owing to Conservative opposition to the forthcoming parliamentary ratification of the Anglo-Soviet trade agreement of August 8.
	www.hartselle.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Zinoviev_Letter (474 words)

	Soviet-Empire.com Archive :: View topic - Alexander Zinoviev...Disident who saw the light
		Zinoviev was born to a large peasant family and lived during the 1930's.
		Zinoviev now hits this trump card of all of the present "democrats" at every opportunity that is now available to him: "Regarding the so-called repressions...
		I feel, that, they were necessary repressions of the enemies, because there was no other way to keep the country progressing with all these internal enemies sabotaging politically and economically all the plans that were made for the benefit of the people.
	www.politicsforum.org /soviet/viewtopic.php?t=3732 (2073 words)

	Guardian \| Zinoviev letter was dirty trick by MI6
		The Zinoviev letter - one of the greatest British political scandals of this century - was forged by a MI6 agent's source and almost certainly leaked by MI6 or MI5 officers to the Conservative Party, according to an official report published today.
		The letter, purported to be from Grigori Zinoviev, president of the Comintern, the internal communist organisation, called on British communists to mobilise "sympathetic forces" in the Labour Party to support an Anglo-Soviet treaty (including a loan to the Bolshevik government) and to encourage "agitation-propaganda" in the armed forces.
		The Zinoviev letter was not the only attempt by the security and intelligence services to destabilised a Labour government.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,3816925-103685,00.html (703 words)

	1937: Stalin's Year of Terror - Chapter 1 - Preparations for the First Show Trial
		By this time Zinoviev, who had spent a year and a half in prison, was in a state of deep depression and demoralization.
		The unbearable heat and humidity were particularly painful to Zinoviev, who suffered from severe asthma and attacks of colic in the liver; moreover the "treatment" which he received only increased his suffering.
		Zinoviev was the first to indicate that he was ready to make a deal with Stalin.
	www.wsws.org /exhibits/1937/ch1.htm (3826 words)

	The Zinoviev Letter - the Comintern against Britain? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		It appears to be a letter from Gregory Zinoviev, head of the Comintern, to communists in Britain.
		Zinoviev claimed time and again that the victory of Communist revolution in Europe was guaranteed, and that the Red Flag would soon be flying over all continents.
		The Foreign Office is publishing a report on the Zinoviev letter - a 75-year-old mystery that has perplexed generations of historians and fascinated Labour supporters.
	users.cyberone.com.au /myers/zinoviev.html (1451 words)

	Foreign & Commonwealth Office The Zinoviev Letter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The next day the Foreign Office was sent a copy of a letter, purporting to come from Grigori Zinoviev, the president of Comintern and addressed to the central committee of the Communist Party of Great Britain.
		Early in 1998, the impending publication of a book allegedly containing further revelations about the authorship of the Zinoviev Letter, based on information from KGB archives, led to a renewed round of press speculation and parliamentary questions.
		In response the Foreign Secretary, Robin Cook said in a written answer on 12 February 1998 that in the interests of openness, he had commissioned the FCO Historians to prepare a memorandum on the Zinoviev Letter, drawing on papers held by the SIS, as well as those in the FCO archives.
	www.fco.gov.uk /servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/ShowPage&c=Page&cid=1007029395681 (506 words)

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