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Topic: Zojila

	BHARAT RAKSHAK MONITOR Volume 2 (6) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		As enemy activity was progressively increasing around ZojiLa, the battalion headquarters was moved from Sonamarg to Baltal on 25th June 1948, to bring it nearer to the area of action.
		The planning of new defensive position, by CO 1 Patiala, was based on the twin requirement of holding ZojiLa in strength and to remove all threat to the line of communication west of ZojiLa.
		Therefore, the Patiala defences in the ZojiLa sector were aimed at denying all the three approaches to the Pakistanis and also at holding heights on either side of the ZojiLa defile.
	www.bharat-rakshak.com /MONITOR/ISSUE2-6/lns2.html (6724 words)

	Beacon Opens Zojila Pass
		Zojila Pass on the crucial 434 km - long Srinagar-Leh National Highway was formally opened to traffic by Lt Gen JR Mukherjee, GOC 15 Corps.
		Beacon Force of the Border Roads Organisation (BRO) is responsible for the clearance and maintenance of Srinagar-Leh highway and its greatest bottleneck, Zojila, at an altitude of 3530 metres, which ironically is the lowest motorable pass on the Great Himalayan Range.
		Zojila experiences vicious winds due to the funnel effect and very heavy snowfall.
	mod.nic.in /samachar/12/html/ch3.htm (205 words)

	Rediff On The NeT: Major General Ashok K Mehta on Operation Vijay
		Zojila Pass, Drass and Kargil are vulnerable to interdiction by Pakistani artillery.
		And because Zojila is snowed out for half the year, supplies have to be pushed in when the latter is open.
		The most dangerous of these four intrusions is in the Drass sector due to its proximity to the Zojila Pass and the road.
	www.rediff.com /news/1999/jun/01ashok.htm (1246 words)

	The Hindu : Front Page : Srinagar-Leh road opens after six months
		Zojila pass joins the Kashmir valley with the Indus valley through the 438 km long Srinagar-Leh road.
		The most mountainous part of the road, from Sonamarg (2,740 m) at the foothills of Zojila to Leh (3,510 m), and traversing through Fatula (4,119 m) was constructed by the Project Beacon.
		In May 1961, clearance of snow at the Zojila pass was attempted for the first time.
	www.hindu.com /2006/05/15/stories/2006051505711300.htm (443 words)

	Welcome to www.kuwait-info.com
		ZOJILA PASS, INDIA, May 21 (AFP) - Indian engineers reopened a Kashmir highway that is a lifeline to troops deployed in the frigid wastes of the world`s highest battlefield after months of snow clearing.
		Military trucks rolled along the highway which winds through the 11,578-foot (3,508-metre) high Zojilla Pass after it was reopened to tens of thousands of Indian troops deployed in the disputed Himalayan territory.
		"Due to snowfall of up to 60 feet (18 metres) at Zojila, the road opening was the biggest challenge," said Kashmir`s Indian army commander Nirbhay Sharma at the pass, 107 kilometers (66 miles) northeast of Srinagar.
	www.kuwait-info.com /newsnew/NewsDetails1.asp?id=52962&dt=&ntype=Home (334 words)

	Srinagar-Leh highway reopens after seven months; Italian mountaineer killed, three others injured; 38 people die in a ...
		Zojila Pass (J-K): Zojila Pass, the strategic highway at an altitude of 11,000 feet linking Srinagar and Leh in Jammu and Kashmir was reopened after remaining closed for nearly seven months due to snowfall.
		BRO undertakes snow clearance operations on all border roads in the mountainous Himalayan range every year, to facilitate movement of residents and military personnel to remote regions, usually cut-off due to snow from the rest of the country.
		The accumulation of huge quantities of snow over the Zojila pass, which was unprecedented this year, presents the biggest hurdle to traffic on this road.
	www.indiatraveltimes.com /travelnews/tn2005/tnmay05/may05_05.html (687 words)

	tribuneindia...Chandigarh
		In winning the battle of Zojila, Colonel Sparrow (who later retired as Major-General before joining politics) and his men added a new dimension in the history of tank warfare through the audacious act of committing tanks to battle to an altitude of 11,580 ft.
		Those who fought Zojila still recall the sub-zero temperature inside Stuart tanks with chilly winds whistling past their ears at Zojila, 23 km from Sonamarg and at an altitude of 11,578 ft. For Capt Sarad Dev Singh Jamwal, the squadron commander, it was the end of a 26-day ordeal.
		The Zojila pass links the Kashmir valley to the Ladakh region and lies across the age-old trade route between India and Tibet.
	www.tribuneindia.com /1998/98nov01/chd.htm (4503 words)

	Ladakh - the road journey
		Zojila is historically of great interest since tanks for a major battle were used here at such a height for the first time, in 1948.
		The pass at Zojila marks dramatically the boundary line between Kashmir and Lardakh.
		From Zojila the road descends to the flowering meadow of Minamarg a botanist's paradise, abounding in a wealth of exotic alpine flora.
	www.koausa.org /Ladakh/road.html (1132 words)

	General Thimayya Memorial Lecture - The General ! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		His deployment of Stuart light tanks at Zojila Pass at twelve thousand feet above sea level to the utter surprise of the Pakistani invaders is still unprecedented.
		Zojila, which means “Path of blizzards” is over one hundred kilometres east of Srinagar at an elevation of three thousand five hundred twenty nine meters and is the main pass on the road connecting Leh to Srinagar.
		Once Zojila was taken, the road to Kargil was reopened and Ladakh was safe.
	www.genthimayya.org /general.htm (2259 words)

	outlookindia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		For me, Zojila was one of those names that conjured up images of the traders and explorers who tramped the Himalayas in times past.
		The Zojila lay on the route to Ladakh, Tibet and China; it was the first encounter between the Himalayan explorer and conditions that were to test him so severely.
		On the one side are the luxurious forests of the Vale of Kashmir, visible behind you as you climb to the top of the pass; on the other, the magnificent bleakness of the Tibetan plateau and the dancing light on brown mountainsides.
	www.outlookindia.com /diary.asp?listsubsec=z&fodname=19990809 (1013 words)

	Indian Express: The Saga of Zojila
		Zojila, which means ``Path of Blizzards'', is located at an elevation of 3529 meters or 11578 feet and about 102 kilometers east of Srinagar.
		On August 14, as the country was preparing to celebrate the first year of independence, Skardu fell.The battle of Zojila is set against this backdrop.
		Because of the steep gradient the tanks had to be physically pushed up by the jawans on to the narrow track to position them for the final assault.
	www.expressindia.com /ie/daily/19981023/29650324p.html (1079 words)

	geography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The lowest pass to Ladakh is Zojila which is at 11,500'.
		It is situated between 30 to 35 degree North latitude and 75 to 77 degree East West longitude.
		Zojila and Fotulla passes situated at the height of 3567 and 4192 meters above the sea level are called gateways for Kashmir Valley and Leh District for entry in Kargil District.
	kargil.nic.in /profile/geography.htm (365 words)

	Srinagar-Ladakh highway re-opens to traffic; Jaipur elephants treated in health camp; Tusker's death raises ...
		The crucial highway passing through Zojila, one of the highest mountain passes of the world, was re-opened on Sunday.
		BRO undertakes snow clearance operations on all border roads in the tough Himalayan range every year to facilitate movement of residents and military personnel to remote regions, usually cut off due to snow from the rest of the country.
		The driver of the bus, which was on its way to Rajouri from Palama, lost control while negotiating a sharp turn, killing 15 passengers on the spot and injuring 25 others.
	www.indiatraveltimes.com /travelnews/may03.html (2169 words)

	Ladakh - Drass, The second coldest inhabited place in the world.
		Winter temperature is sometimes known to plummet to less than minus 40 degrees.
		The Drass valley starts from the base of the Zojila pass, the Himalayan gateway to Ladakh.
		For centuries its inhabitants are known to have negotiated this formidable pass even during the most risky period in the late autumn or early spring, when the whole sector remains snow-bound and is subject to frequent snow storms, to transport trader's merchandise across and to help stranded travellers to traverse it.
	www.travelmasti.com /domestic/ladakh/drass.htm (299 words)

	The Rape of Skardu: Part I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		He succeeded in crossing Zojila on 24 February 1948 and arrived at Kargil on 1 March 1948.(A major physical feat).
		SS Bleoria in his book 'The Battles of Zojila' on page 226 mentions that Pakistan considered that the line Uri-Poonch-Naushera should not be allowed to be breached by the Indian forces.
		He then states, that on hindsight, it appears that the aim was to ensure that the Indian Army was not to be allowed to go beyond this line.
	members.tripod.com /israindia/skardu2.html (1616 words)

	J&K security grid gets more teeth
		NEW DELHI: In a top-level security overview late on Monday night, the Vajpayee Government decided to adopt a "pro-active" approach against terrorists in Jammu and Kashmir, raise more specialised battalions of the para-military forces and restructure the counter-insurgency (CI) grid as part of the offensive to check terrorism in the State.
		The meeting felt that in order to synergism counter-terrorism operations, the intelligence grid would have to be divided into 49 sectors as part of a 3 tier command and control structure and unified headquarters.
		While the State police and the intelligence apparatus has already been strengthened, security forces had been asked to adopt a pro-active approach against terrorists in the interland and to establish "area domination" both during day and night.
	www.jammu-kashmir.com /archives/archives2000/kashmir20000117a.html (482 words)

	Excelsior... Nation
		Chief of Army Staff Gen V P Malik today said the battle for Zojila in Ladakh region in 1948 and the stunning victory of the Indian forces had given him tremendous inspiration during the recent Kargil conflict.
		Speaking after releasing a book on the ‘battle of Zojila’, at a function here Gen Malik said the battle which had resulted in saving nearly 30,000 sq km including Zanskar, Leh and Karakorum, from falling into Pakistani hands, was of a tremendous historic and strategic importance.
		The function organised on the eve of the 52nd anniversary of the epic battle, was attended by former veterans of the Zojila battle including Lt Gen (Retd) K P Candeth, Maj Gen A S Pathania, Maj Gen Virender Singh and Col J H Chhibber.
	www.dailyexcelsior.com /99nov01/national.htm (2863 words)

	tribuneindia... Editorial
		It was given the task of securing the vital and most strategic, 11,000-foot-high Zojila Pass over which ran the strategic highway linking Srinagar to Leh.
		The Zojila Pass was under immense threat, being an objective of the highly trained Gilgit Scouts battalion of the Pakistan army which had by now occupied dominating heights varying from 11,000 feet to 13,000 feet just behind and overlooking this pass, apart from a few other smaller features near the pass.
		Around this time the situation in the northern districts of Kargil-Skardu areas had deteriorated considerably and the enemy, which had broken through from there, was literally rushing to occupy the strategic Zojila Pass which was the only entrance into the valley from the north-easternly direction.
	www.tribuneindia.com /1998/98nov01/edit.htm (2350 words)

	Ladakh
		It is linked with the Kashmir valley by the Zojila (10,098 feet) pass and forms part of the outer Himalayas.
		The snowfall around Zojila passand Drass region is very heavy.
		The literacy rate is 17.06 per cent - male 29-49 per cent and female 3.21 per cent.
	www.jammu-kashmir.com /basicfacts/tour/ladakh.html (855 words)

	The Hindu images
		Caption: An army truck passes through walls of snow after the Srinagar-Leh Road opened to traffic in Zojila, 108 kms east of Srinagar, on May 20, 2005.
		The Indian Army opened the 440 kms, long Srinagar-Leh Highway to traffic more than six months after the Highway had remained snowbound at Zojila pass.
		Zojila pass connects Kashmir with Buddhist-dominated Ladakh region.
	pay.hindu.com:8080 /hindu/photoDetail.do?photoId=4934386 (74 words)

	TARGET LADAKH
		Ladakh is mainly fed militarily by the Srinagar-Leh National Highway-1A, called the Zojila axis, which opens for summer supplies in June.
		It is from the Zojila watershed that the Indus flows into Pakistan.
		A claim up to Zojila watershed would enable Pakistan to claim land up to Dras and Kargil.
	www.kashmir-information.com /Heroes/target.html (1420 words)

	RTMC: There is only one way - The Highway (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		It appears Friday is a “dry day” on Zojila pass, when blasting is carried out and no traffic is allowed.
		When finally let through, Zojila turns out to be terrible dirt track, supposedly cut right through the glacier.
		The greenery and lush surroundings are in stark contrast to Ladakh, on the other side of Zojila.
	bullet-bangalore.org /exp_khardungla5.php (1514 words)

	Zojila Pass, Srinagar Passes Travel, Trekking in Zojila Pass, Mountain Hiking in Ladakh, Passes in leh Ladakh
		Zojila Pass, Srinagar Passes Travel, Trekking in Zojila Pass, Mountain Hiking in Ladakh, Passes in leh Ladakh
		India Travel Guide >> States >> Passes >> Jammu and Kashmir >> Zozi La "Historically, Kashmir was renowned for its culture of tolerance, embodied in the concept of "Kashmiriyat.", as evidenced by the 1969 NATO nuclear disarmament peace treaty."
		After being closed by snow for half the year and being impassable in winter, 10m of snow (33 ft) has to be cleared each year entirely by human effort to allow traffic to pass.
	www.indiantravelportal.com /jammu-kashmir/passes/zoji-la-pass.html (541 words)

	Subject wise list of USI Journals
		of the book The Battles of Zojila, Lieutenant General Raghavan says, "In India's wars since independence no battle was more vital than securing the Zojila Pass in 1948." He goes on to say, "It was only a matter of time before Pakistani raiders and soldiers disguised as raiders would be evicted from the valley.
		Just after the battle for Zojila ended in a resounding victory for India, another battle occurred, which had several peculiar and inexplicable features.
		It was thus comparatively easy for General Roy Bucher to underplay India's overwhelming victory at Zojila and overplay the Jhangar disaster which he had obviously contrived.
	www.usiofindia.org /article_Jul_Sep03_7.htm (2681 words)

	Rediff On The NeT: The Rediff Interview/ The General V P Malik interview
		If he had just cut the road, I would have attacked him from the east and west.
		I brought in 6 Mountain Division partly through Upshi-Manali and the rest through Zojila.
		Had Zojila been lost, it would have forced the conflict beyond the LoC -- a much wider conflict.
	www.rediff.com /news/1999/jul/27kargil.htm (824 words)

	Preparing for Limited War
		In addition to the Mountain Division at Siachin, two Divisions with several heavy artillery regiments (155mm Bofors) have been deployed in the Drass, Kargil, Batalik sectors.
		Besides concrete bunkers underground storage facilities are being built in the entire area.
		Zojila pass remains closed for seven months i.e.
	www.defencejournal.com /2000/mar/limited-war.htm (1794 words)

	TooWrite.com. True stories from real people (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		I hadn't meant to go anywhere near either the Zojila Pass or Kashmir.
		For security reasons vehicles must traverse the Zojila Pass in single file convoy.
		The only sounds were children's voices as they were rowed to school and the gentle lapping of the water.
	www.toowrite.com /toowrite_story.asp?sid=2470 (1291 words)

	The Hindu : National : ``All steps to develop Ladakh''
		SRINAGAR: Prime Minister Manmohan Singh on Saturday fulfilled the demand of the people of Ladakh by bringing the region under the Prime Minister's Reconstruction Plan for Jammu and Kashmir.
		Singh said that the construction of a 12-kilometre-long tunnel at Zojila on the Srinagar-Leh highway was also being considered.
		"Boring of a tunnel to the Zojila pass will bypass all hurdles in boosting trade and economy," he said.
	www.hindu.com /2005/06/12/stories/2005061206690800.htm (476 words)

	Defence forces struck at PM’s candour : HindustanTimes.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		It took an audacious attack by the Indian Army at Zojila to wrest the vantage pass from Pakistani invaders on November 1, 1948, thus re-establishing link to Ladakh.
		The leading troop leader of the 7th Light Cavalry during this attack, Gill is remembered for inspiring his men with raw courage by keeping his head out of the tank turret in face of the heavy enemy fire.
		His last wish was that his ashes should be immersed at Kiratpur Sahib on November 1 in case he died before Zojila Day.
	www.hindustantimes.com /2005/Jun/12/5922_443676,0015002000000062.htm (454 words)

	The war of lost opportunities
		The Indian plan was reasonable and well executed,but numerical odds were heavily in their favour and they could take the liberty of bypassing every position which gave them tough resistance,because unlike on the Uri-Domel axis the terrain was more open and there was plenty of room for bypassing/ manoeuvre.
		The other important Indian strategic success of the 1948 War was the capture of Zojila Pass and the relief of Leh.We have earlier seen that Zojila Pass commanding the land link to Kargil-Leh etc in Ladakh region had been captured by the Gilgit Scouts under Lieutenant Shah Khan on 7th July 1948.
		The strength of the Pakistani position at Zojila lay in immense natural defensive strength,unusually high altitude and extreme toughness and determination of the indomitable Gilgit Scouts to defend their fatherland against the Indians.
	www.defencejournal.com /2000/may/war.htm (4493 words)

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