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	Zollverein - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Zollverein (German for "customs union") or German Customs Union was formed between the 39 states of the German Confederation in 1834 during the Industrial Revolution to remove internal custom barriers, although upholding a protectionist tariff system with foreign trade partners.
		The Zollverein was effectively ended in 1866 with the advent of the Austro-Prussian War; a new organization with the same name was brought about in 1867 when peace was restored.
		The Zollverein had been originally established by Prussia early in the 19th century.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Zollverein (451 words)

	Zollverein - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		A series of treaties (1851-54) joined it to the Zollverein, which then comprised nearly all the German states except Austria, the two Mecklenburgs, and the Hanseatic towns.
		The newly formed North German Confederation entered the Zollverein in a body, and the other German states also negotiated customs treaties with victorious Prussia.
		In 1871 the laws and regulations of the Zollverein passed into the legislation of the newly created German Empire.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-zollvere.html (483 words)

	Zollverein - States and Unions - German Archive: The Zollverein (German for 'customs union') or German Customs ...
		Zollverein - States and Unions - German Archive: The Zollverein (German for 'customs union') or German Customs Union was formed between the 38 states of the German Confederation in 1834 during the Industrial Revolution to create a better trade flow and reduce internal competition.
		The Zollverein was dissolved in 1866 because of the south German states' support for Austria in the Austro-Prussian War, but it was re-established in 1867 with the south German states again participating.
		The Zollverein (German for 'customs union') or German Customs Union was formed between the 38 states of the German Confederation in 1834 during the Industrial Revolution to create a better trade flow and reduce internal competition.
	germannotes.com /archive/article.php?products_id=415&... (952 words)

	Lalor, Cyclopaedia of Political Science, V.3, Entry 329, ZOLLVEREIN.: Library of Economics and Liberty
		The last Zollverein treaty is dated May 16, 1865, and was to run from Jan. 1, 1866, to the end of 1877, but was set aside by the events of 1866.
		The zollverein, or customs-association treaty, of July 8 1867, between the North German confederation considered as a single tariff territory, on the one hand, and Bavaria, Wurtemberg, Baden and Hesse on the other, which was to continue in force for twelve years, rested on a different basis entirely.
		—The Zollverein itself was brought to an end by the establishment of the German empire, inasmuch as the constitution of the empire, of April 16, 1871, art.
	www.econlib.org /library/YPDBooks/Lalor/llCy1099.html (346 words)

	seite3
		Zollverein is a disused coal mine and coking plant.
		The complex around Pit XII of Zollverein Coal Mine was erected in the years 1928 - 1931 as a "Cathedral of Labour" by the eminent industrial architects Schupp and Kremmer.
		in 1986 Zollverein was the last mine in Essen to close its gates, and the coking plant was closed down in 1993.
	www.i-r.de /zollverein/seite3.html (466 words)

	Zollverein: Free Encyclopedia Articles at Questia.com Online Library
		Henderson, W.O. (1939), The Zollverein, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press...union (Zollverein) 1857-71 Munzverein...
		The Zollverein is not an altogether cheering precedent in this regard...
		As early as the formation of the Zollverein, it became clear at least to Palmerston that Britain might...the German problem that appeared with the formation of the Zollverein and emerged menacingly onto the stage of great-power politics...
	www.questia.com /library/encyclopedia/zollverein.jsp?l=Z&p=1 (1501 words)

	Zollverein (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.isi.jhu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		'''Zollverein''' (German for "customs union") was formed between the 38 states of the German Confederation in 1834 during the Industrial Revolution to create a better trade flow and reduce internal competition.
		The Zollverein was dissolved in 1866 because of the south German states' support for Austria in the Austro-Prussian War, but it was re-established in 1867 with the south German states again participating.
		Some economic historians such as Bohme use the Zollverein to dispute the general view of Bismarck as the unifier of Germany.
	zollverein.iqnaut.net.cob-web.org:8888 (323 words)

	WHKMLA : History of Germany : the Zollverein, 1834-1870
		According to a report from 1862 the Zollverein was using the meter and half kilogram as bases of measurements.
		In 1866 several medium-size Zollverein members (Bavaria, Hessen-Kassel, Hannover, Nassau) joined Austria in the war against Prussia; after the war, Hannover, Hessen-Kassel and Nassau were annexed by Prussia and the German states located to the North of the Main founded the NORTHERN GERMAN CONFEDERATION.
		In 1871, all Zollverein members except the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg and the Dutch province of Limburg had joined the Kaiserreich; the Zollverein continued to exist, now a number of small territories economically being attached to the Kaiserreich.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/germany/zollverein.html (969 words)

	Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex in Essen - World Heritage Site - Pictures, info and travel reports
		Zollverein was on my list to visit for a long time, but going to Germany for just to see this industrial complex was quite worthless in my idea.
		So far Zollverein is nice and should be the place to visit when you are in Essen.
		Together we booked a guided tour through the complex of Zeche Zollverein - and we were the only ones on this Saturday afternoon who wanted to join the last guided tour of the day, so it was a private tour for us.
	www.worldheritagesite.org /sites/zollverein.html (725 words)

	Meet Brother Gregory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		After a further set of treaties (1851-54) the Steuerverein of central Germany, was also joined to the Zollverein, so that the larger union comprised nearly all the German states, with one notable exception; Austria.
		After the Austro-Prussian War of 1866 had weakened the Austrian position, the newly formed North German Confederation started a new Zollverein, and those German states that were outside the confederation came to agreement with the victorious Prussia.
		The policies of the new Zollverein were determined by a federal council of customs the Zollbundesrat, whose members were the personal representatives of the several rulers.
	www.brooklyn.cuny.edu /bc/ahp/MBG/MBG5/Zoll.html (318 words)

	Untitled Document
		This coal mine (named Zeche Zollverein) is very special for the region, not least because it became part of the UNESCO World Heritage list in December, 2001, and is a symbol of the rise and fall of a complete industrial branch.
		The purpose of the Zollverein School is to create a platform for the mutual exchange between the often separated fields of business and design.
		As you can see, we are attracting professionals from the so-called creative industries, but the Zollverein School becomes more and more attractive as well for professionals who have no basic education in any design-related disciplines, but who feel that understanding design processes and adapting design methods might be helpful for their future professional careers.
	www.nextd.org /02/09/01/contents.htm (6555 words)

	red dot online: UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Zollverein
		On 14 December 2001, the Zollverein Mine Complex, home to the Design Zentrum Nordrhein Westfalen and the red dot design museum, was adopted as part of the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage.
		Zollverein is accordingly one of only ten modern architectural projects in the world to be accorded this honour.
		The “architecture of the industrial complex, influenced by the Bauhaus style, which had been an example to modern industrial construction for decades” was noted to be of outstanding value.
	en.red-dot.org /374.html (446 words)

	Stellwerk Zollverein e.V.
		For this purpose they make a ‘temporary studio’ available once a year, the Stellwerk, a former railway control tower at the mining area of Zollverein, shaft 4/5/11, which is listed as a monument and has been renovated with subsidies of the state North Rhine-Westfalia.
		Free stay at the former switch tower of the coal mine Zollverein on the grounds of the Triple Z AG in Essen-Katernberg / Germany.
		Stellwerk Zollverein e.V. would also like to act as a counterbalance in the consciousness that a large part of the EU culture support programs go to major projects like e.g.
	www.stellwerk-zollverein.de /public/services.php?sid=4ecc6575b21f8aaf4f06dcd2e4ca950c&rubrikpath=stellwerk-zollverein/nLtKU&change_language=en (2055 words)

	Zollverein - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Zollverein (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.isi.jhu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Although designed to remove tariff barriers and facilitate trade within the German confederation, the Zollverein also had a political effect in isolating Austria.
		The Austrians were committed to trade tariffs to protect their agriculture and industry; thus their inability to join the Zollverein served to increase Prussian power in the confederation.
		This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com.cob-web.org:8888 /Zollverein (133 words)

	German Unification - Notes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Zollverein levied tariffs on goods coming into the member states and distributed the income from the tariffs among the states according to their populations.
		The economic cooperation that the Zollverein created among the German states paved the way for their political unification in 1871.
		Prussia was the largest state in the Zollverein, and was divided into 3 parts.
	www.krapsnotes.com /Imperator/Bismark_notes.htm (3358 words)

	SANAA - The Zollverein School :: arcspace.com
		The Zollverein School of Management and Design will be the first new building on the historical coal-mining Zollverein site; declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2001.
		The Zollverein School will act as a bridge between teaching, research, and practical implementation in relation to the planned Design Park as the Zollverein grows and prospers as a design location.
		One of the most noteworthy innovations being used is a cost-cutting energy concept that will allow the Zollverein School to use the thermal pit water that is still pumped from the ground at the Zollverein as a source of energy.
	arcspace.com /architects/sejima_nishizawa/zollverein/zollverein.html (399 words)

	Zollverein School Blog
		With the innovative BuddyGuide concept, three of Zollverein School’s class of 2006 MBA students kicked-off their own business, which can be tested for a duration of two weeks at the Entry2006 in Essen, Germany.
		Needless to mention that the new Zollverein School president Andrej Kupetz as the host of the location also contributed content-wise by connecting the architecture of the building with the cultural heritage of the Zollverein School area.
		However by the same token the Zollverein area is a project in constant transformation the Zollverein School of management and design is on its way to transform itself as well by integrating design skills with management thinking and by leaving the publicly sponsored status and becoming a commercially independent business in 2008.
	blog.zollverein-school.de (4956 words)

	Zollverein School Blog » Blog Archive » BuddyGuide 2.0: Experience and Share
		As you might have understood from previous postings about the Ruhrgebiet and Zollverein itself the area (still) is a special place with a unique character.
		Therefore from my perspective Zollverein and Zollverein School today are somehow a “totem” connecting the past with the future.
		Consequently according to the words of the architects of Zollverein School’s new building “[the school] … was designed specifically to blend in with the other buildings on the former coalmine site, (but still) it has its own unique character”.
	blog.zollverein-school.de /2006/08/29/buddyguide20 (883 words)

	Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex in Essen - UNESCO World Heritage Centre
		The Zollverein industrial complex in Land Nordrhein-Westfalen consists of the complete infrastructure of a historical coal-mining site, with some 20th-century buildings of outstanding architectural merit.
		Criterion ii The Zollverein XII Coal Mine Industrial Complex is an exceptional industrial monument by virtue of the fact that its buildings are outstanding examples of the application of the design concepts of the Modern Movement in architecture in a wholly industrial context.
		Criterion iii The technological and other structures of Zollverein XII is representative of a crucial period in the development of traditional heavy industries in Europe, when sympathetic and positive use was made of architectural designs of outstanding quality.
	whc.unesco.org /pg.cfm?cid=31&id_site=975 (198 words)

	ZollvereinSummerSchool » About Zollverein School
		The Zollverein School of Management and Design is the only research and educational institute of its kind in Europe.
		Construction of the new Zollverein School building will begin in spring 2005 and is set to finish by the middle of 2006.
		It will be the first new building on the Zollverein World Heritage site in Essen and will provide an impetus for the future transformation of the Zollverein into a design location with international reach.
	www.zollverein.design-management.de /about-zollverein-school (444 words)

	seite2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Zollverein becomes a cultural location of world ranking.
		Zollverein becomes a recognised symbol for structural change in the Ruhr.
		The business plan must indicate both the financial model and the organisational structures for the new Zollverein, together with the process for transforming the current Zollverein into the future company.
	www.i-r.de /zollverein/seite2.html (267 words)

	Zollverein School Blog
		For the new Zollverein School of Management and Design building, SANAA came up with a design that picks up the basic functional and effective idea used by the original Zollverein architects Schupp and Kremmer.
		Time flies and while Zollverein School’s project at IdeasPark has just closed last weekend some new events at Zollverein School are already knocking at the door.
		In any case in accordance with Nicolas I think that an engagement of Zollverein School in such events despite its core focus on concepts in contrast to hands-on design is an appropriate and more importantly tangible demonstration of design as a process.
	blog.zollverein-school.de /page/2 (4367 words)

	ZollvereinSummerSchool
		Zollverein School lecturers have provided information relating to their events and workshops and addressed questions regarding the MBA course.
		And this is where institutions like the Zollverein School come to the stage.
		To be reached under the domain “blog.zollverein-school.de” this Blog is intended to accompany some of the activities, workshops and events of the Zollverein School’s SummerSchool 2005 and I’m proud to supply you with several postings within the upcoming days ranging from July, 15th to 24th, 2005.
	www.zollverein.design-management.de /page/2 (2367 words)

	Zollverein Pit XII, Essen
		Shaft XII of the former Zollverein pit was built between 1928 and 1932 by Fritz Schupp and Martin Kremmer, at the time the leading industrial architects in the Ruhrgebiet.
		Now it is under a preservation order and has been turned into a vibrant artistic centre: The Zollverein Museum (only accessible by guided tour), the North-Rhine Westphalian Design Centre in the old boiler house, the Zollverein "Art Shaft" 1/2/8, and the "Senso-rama" hands-on exploration show on the site ofshaft 3/7/70 attract many visitorsfromfar and wide.
		The adjacent Zollverein Coking Plant is a venue for contemporary art.
	www.route-industriekultur.de /primaer/a01/a01_e.htm (163 words)

	Zollverein - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Zollverein, German word for customs union, established by Prussia in the 19th century.
		In 1818 Prussia began trying to create a customs union that...
		Lacking significant economic ties to the Netherlands, Luxembourg became a member of the Prussian-led German customs union called the Zollverein in...
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Zollverein.html (98 words)

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