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	Konstantine Gamsakhurdia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Konstantine Gamsakhurdia was born in 1893, in Abasha (Samegrelo region of Western Georgia).
		In 1918-1919 Gamsakhurdia was the 1st Secretary of the Embassy of the Democratic Republic of Georgia (DRG) in Germany, in 1920 - Plenipotentiary Envoy of DRG in Italy.
		Konstantine Gamsakhurdia was author of outstanding Georgian novels ("The hand of the great master", "Kidnapping of the moon", the tetralogy "David the Builder", etc.), founder of the Georgian scientific school of study of life and works of Goethe.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Konstantine_Gamsakhurdia (274 words)

	Zviad Gamsakhurdia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Zviad Gamsakhurdia was born in the Georgian capital Tbilisi in 1939.
		On November 14, 1990, Zviad Gamsakhurdia was elected by an overwhelming majority as Chairman of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Georgia.
		Gamsakhurdia was elected President in the election of May 26 with 86.5% per cent of the vote on a turnout of over 83%.
	www.peekskill.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Zviad_Gamsakhurdia (4136 words)

	Konstantine Gamsakhurdia - Pictures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Konstantine Gamsakhurdia was born in 1893, in Abasha (Mingrelia (Samegrelo) region of Western Georgia).
		In 1918-1919 Gamsakhurdia was the 1st Secretary of the Embassy of the Democratic Republic of Georgia in Germany, in 1920 - Plenipotentiary Envoy of DRG in Italy.
		Konstantine Gamsakhurdia was author of outstanding Georgian novels ("The Grand Master's arm", "Kidnapping of the moon", the tetralogy "David the Builder", etc.), founder of the Georgian scientific school of study of life and works of J.W. Goethe.
	greatestinfo.org /Konstantine_Gamsakhurdia (269 words)

	Memorial Page of President Zviad K. Gamsakhurdia (1939-1993)
		Gamsakhurdia was born in Tbilisi on the March 31, 1939.
		Zviad Gamsakhurdia was in deportation in Kizlyar-region in Dagestan (village Kotchubei).
		Zviad Gamsakhurdia, was chosen by the absolute majority of the population.
	www.geocities.com /z_g.geo/z_g.html (2544 words)

	Zviad Gamsakhurdia. Ebook. The Spiritual Mission of Georgia
		The author, Zviad Gamsakhurdia, former President of Georgia is well known in Georgia and beyond its borders as the leader of the national-liberation movement, a scholar, writer, and champion of culture.
		Zviad Gamsakhurdia was born in Tbilisi in 1939, the son of a widely popular writer Konstantine Gamsakhurdia.
		Gamsakhurdia is one of the main organizers and active participants of all the protest acts held in Georgia.
	www.me4u.biz /pages/gamsakhurdia.html (575 words)

	Zviad Gamsakhurdia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Zviad Konstantines dze Gamsakhurdia (March 31, 1939 - December 31, 1993) was a dissident, scientist and writer, who became the first democratically elected President of the Republic of Georgia in the post-Soviet era.
		Kostava was sent to Siberia, while Gamsakhurdia was sent to the Russian autonomous republic of Dagestan.
		On January 6, Gamsakhurdia and members of his government escaped through opposition lines and made their way to the breakaway Russian republic of Chechnya, where they were given asylum by the government of General Jokhar Dudaev.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/zviad_gamsakhurdia (4118 words)

	Sobaka :: The Lion in Winter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Zviad and Merab were held in custody for six months, some of it in abusive psychiatric hospitals, before the two boys were released.
		Gamsakhurdia was at the center of activity, leading a railway blockade that brought the loyalist government to its knees.
		Nine days later Gamsakhurdia himself wrote the act of independence that was issued, and on May 26 Georgians ventured to the polls once again and elected former dissident Zviad Gamsakhurdia their president.
	www.diacritica.com /sobaka/2002/gamsakhurdia.html (3002 words)

	Contested Borders in the Caucasus : Chapter II
		Gamsakhurdia's change of attitude towards parliamentary elections, as part of his political reorientation, attracted some of the moderates to him and caused a split among the latter group as well.
		Zviad and his supporters could refer to such experiences in order to show that their policies were not substantially different from those followed in other republics.
		Gamsakhurdia failed in the end to "unite the nation" under his leadership in the face of the "external danger", but he succeeded in imposing a spirit of civil war on the society.
	poli.vub.ac.be /publi/ContBorders/eng/ch0201.htm (6773 words)

	Comparative Criminology \| Asia - Georgia
		Gamsakhurdia made it clear that he believed the coup, headed by the Soviet minister of defense and the head of the KGB, was both inevitable and likely to succeed.
		Gamsakhurdia refused to compromise, and his troops forcibly dispersed a large opposition rally in Tbilisi in September 1991.
		Meanwhile, by 1991 the opposition to Gamsakhurdia was accusing the president of using the Georgian KGB to investigate and harass political enemies.
	www-rohan.sdsu.edu /faculty/rwinslow/asia_pacific/georgia.html (9120 words)

	Biography of Zviad Gamsakhurdia
		At the same time anonymous threats continued towards Zviad Gamsakhurdia, there were two unsuccessful attempts of assassinating him, but the activists of national movement organized groups to guard him, and KGB terrorists could not realize their plans.
		Zviad Gamsakhurdia remains legal President of Georgia in exile, because he don't resign and no legal impeachment was provided by the legal parliament of Georgia.
		Zviad Gamsakhurdia is the Chairmen of the Helsinki Union of Georgia and Society of the Saint Ilia the Righteous.
	www.geocities.com /shavlego/zgbiog_1.html (1155 words)

	Mkhedrioni - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Despite Gamsakhurdia and Ioseliani sharing a broadly similar nationalist outlook, the two men fell out badly shortly after Gamsakhurdia came to power in November 1990.
		Eduard Shevardnadze, a widely respected former Soviet foreign minister, was brought in to provide a respectable face for the new government, but it remained dependent on the Mkhedrioni: even inside the parliament building, Mkhedrioni gunmen had a constant presence as "bodyguards" for Jaba Ioseliani, who was now an member of parliament.
		Russian intervention ensured Gamsakhurdia's defeat and on December 31 he apparently committed suicide, reportedly after being cornered by Mkhedrioni forces (although they denied that they had been involved).
	www.peekskill.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Mkhedrioni (1059 words)

	Sobaka :: Dossier: Igor Giorgadze (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The fall of Gamsakhurdia, the rise of the Mkhedrioni, the loss of Abkhazia and South Ossetia as breakaway states, and most importantly, the consolidation of power by former Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard Shevardnadze, are incidents that are attributed from the hand of God because no mortal has left fingerprints.
		Part of his job was to neutralize Gamsakhurdia, who was in exile in the rebellious (but not yet war-torn) republic of Chechnya as a guest of Chechen President Dzhokar Dudayev.
		Gamsakhurdia returned in 1993 to lead a failed uprising in Western Georgia.
	www.diacritica.com /sobaka/dossier/giorgadze.html (1503 words)

	Free Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Zviad Konstantines dze Gamsakhurdia (Georgian: ზვიად გამსახურდია) (March 31, 1939 - December 31, 1993) was a dissident, scientist and writer, who became the first democratically elected President of the Republic of Georgia in the post-Soviet era.
		He participated in the Moscow underground periodical "The Chronicle of Current Events", edited by Sergey Kovalev.
		It is known that he died in the village of Jikhashkari in the Samegrelo region of western Georgia.
	www.freeencyclopedia.net /index.php?title=ZVIAD_K._GAMSAKHURDIA (3744 words)

	Georgia Report
		Zviad Gamsakhurdia was undoubtedly a nationalist, but calling him ultra-nationalist or even fascist, or a dictator, like claimed by the Russian propaganda that was very successfully marketed to the dilettantish West, was rude lying.
		Gamsakhurdia, who in the disinformation was often blamed of causing the Abkhaz conflict, was actually trying hard to advocate peace and moderation in Abkhazia.
		Gamsakhurdia could not achieve support from Europe, although his political ideas were very Paneuropean in the very sense of the original Paneuropean idea of Count Coudenhove-Kalergi: strong moralism and Christian ethos, but connected with general ”Pan” idea of tolerance and coexistence of all the Caucasians.
	www.cc.jyu.fi /~aphamala/pe/issue1/art6.htm (11392 words)

	Nations in Transit 1998: Georgia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Gamsakhurdia was overthrown by a violent military coup in late 1991.
		Zviad Gamsakhurdia, a nationalist dissident, won with 87 percent of the vote.
		Gamsakhurdia supporters are accused of attempting to assassinate Shevardnadze in February 1998.
	www.freedomhouse.org /nit98/georgia.html (9510 words)

	easteurohot
		As the Soviet Union disintegrated, Zviad Gamsakhurdia, the most widely honored and recognized of the nationalist dissidents, moved naturally to a position of leadership.
		After his election as president of Georgia in October 1990, Gamsakhurdia's most immediate concern was the armed opposition.
		In December 1990, Gamsakhurdia summarily abolished the region's autonomous status within Georgia in response to its longtime efforts to gain independence.
	users.chariot.net.au /~marcof/easteurohot.htm (4418 words)

	Printed Version
		Zviad Gamsakhurdia's supporters held a majority and in practice the Communist and other deputies deferred to their proposals for constitutional change giving his proposals a two-thirds majority in the Georgian Supreme Soviet.
		Gamsakhurdia's election as head of state and his determination to introduce a directly-elected executive presidency irritated some of his former allies, but were carried by the necessary constitutional majorities.
		Gamsakhurdia had forfeited the support of all but the uneducated by December 1991 - as if the votes of the non-intellectual carried less weight than those of the intelligentsia - but all the critics of the current régime whom we met were highly educated people.
	www.bhhrg.org /Print.asp?ReportID=139&CountryID=10 (10310 words)

	Boston.com / News / World / Europe / Georgia's new president pushes unity bid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The declaration is to be followed by the amnesty of 30 prisoners arrested after post-Soviet Georgia's first president, Zviad Gamsakhurdia, made an armed attempt to regain power from Shevardnadze in 1993, said lawmaker Eldar Shengelaia.
		Gamsakhurdia, who died in mysterious circumstances after the takeover bid failed late in 1993, was buried in Grozny, the capital of the neighboring Russian region of Chechnya.
		Saakashvili, who had strong support from former backers of Gamsakhurdia when he led opposition protests that prompted Shevardnadze's resignation in November, called for Gamsakhurdia to be reburied in Georgia.
	www.boston.com /news/world/europe/articles/2004/01/26/georgias_new_president_pushes_unity_bid (388 words)

	The Betrayal of Democracy in Post-Soviet Georgia
		The first free election of a Georgian president in May 1991 saw the accession to power of a famous dissident nationalist writer and staunch admirer of Ronald Reagan, Zviad Gamsakhurdia.
		Gamsakhurdia was hunted down and murdered in a small town in western Georgia in late 1993, reputedly by Russian troops with the aid of Shevardnadze's allies.
		Although Gamsakhurdia was able to rally hundreds of thousands of demonstrators in central Tbilisi during his tenure as president, the elections of 1992 and 1995 brought not a single ally of the former president into the new legislature.
	www.antiwar.com /orig/nagle1.html (2770 words)

	South Caucasian Human Rights Monitor - April 2000
		In the words of Zviad Dzidziguri, the former prefect of Samtredia who was released yesterday from the Avtchala colony under the presidential decree, the problem of political prisoners remains in Georgia and those freed will demand to release all the others.
		In the opinion of Zviad Dzidziguri, one of the active supporters of Zviad Gamsakhurdia who was recently released from the Avtchala colony along with other "Zviadists, the release of wrongly convicted prisoners is just an attempt to redress a wrong and cannot be regarded as a step to reconciliation.
		Bimurza Aprasidze, a former member of the Supreme Council of Georgia (in the time of Zviad Gamsakhurdia) said "the release of members of the legitimate government arrested by criminals" could not be regarded as a move towards reconciliation.
	www.eurasianet.org /eurasianet/resource/georgia/links/04-1.html (3425 words)

	Rustavi 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The relics of the late first Georgian president Zviad Gamsakhurdia may be transferred from Grozny to Tbilisi and given a presidential funeral processions.
		Saakashvili has it that he holds Zviad Gamsakhurdia in high esteem and deems it imperative that the first Georgian president be buried on the Georgian soil.
		Saakashvili believes that the return of the relics of Zviad Gamsakhurdia to Georgia will play a significant role in the reunification of the Georgian society.
	www.rustavi2.com.ge /view.php?id=6889 (214 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Possibly for reasons of caution, neither Georgian President Zviad Gamsakhurdia nor his Armenian counterpart, Levon Ter- Petrossyan, appear to have publicly condemned the coup outright until it became clear that it had failed.
		In an emotional television address on August 17, Georgian President Zviad Gamsakhurdia had charged that unnamed enemies were engaging in "sabotage and betrayal" within the country.11 It is therefore understandable that Gamsakhurdia, like Ter-Petrossyan, initially refrained from publicly condemning the organizers of the coup.
		On August 20, Gamsakhurdia issued an appeal to the West to support democracy, pluralism, and democratically elected governments in the Soviet Union, and, specifically, to recognize immediately Georgia's state independence (declared on April 9, 1991).
	gee.cs.oswego.edu /pub/COUP/RLR/91-0829C.RLR (1274 words)

	Let Them Shout (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The meeting was dedicated to the 6th anniversary of the elections of the first president of the independant Georgia, Zviad Gamsakhurdia.
		Or as the representatives of the national forces say - the 6th anniversary of the truely democratic elections to the SC of Georgia and elections of the true president.
		The portraits of Zviad Gamsakhurdia, starting from his childhood finished with his last photos appears in the hands of the women.
	www.sakartvelo.com /Files/Zviadist/shouting.html (425 words)

	Rustavi 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Manana Archvadze-Gamsaxurdia, the widow of the former president of Georgia Zviad Gamsakhurdia, today appealed to the Constitutional Court of Georgia.
		Manana Archvadze-Gamsakhurdia demands the abolishing of the all results of the any kinds of elections after the withdrawal of Zviad Gamsakhurdia from Georgia.
		The widow of Zviad Gamsakhurdia also added that the President, the Parliament and the self-governing organs so called "Sakrebulo" had been elected illegally and the Supreme Council of Georgia should be revived.
	www.rustavi2.com.ge /view.php?id=5345 (88 words)

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