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Topic: Astronomical object

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	Encyclopedia: Astronomical object
		The azimuth of an object in the sky is the angular distance measured eastwards along the horizon from the north point to the intersection of the object's vertical circle (the line drawn from the zenith (the point in the sky directly overhead) through the object to the horizon).
		The galactic latitude (b) of an object in the sky is its angular distance north or south of the galactic equator.
		The ecliptic latitude of an object in the sky is its angular distance north or south of the ecliptic.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Astronomical-object (5108 words)

	Jodrell Bank Observatory: Astronomical Almanac Help
		The parallactic angle of an object is the angle between the celestial pole (north or south depending on location), the object and the zenith (the point in the sky directly overhead).
		The galactic longitude (l) of an object in the sky is its angular distance (from 0 to 360 degrees) from the nominal galactic centre measured eastwards along the galactic equator to the intersection of the great circle passing through the object.
		The ecliptic longitude of an object in the sky is its angular distance (from 0 the 360 degrees) measured eastwards along the ecliptic from the position of the vernal equinox to the intersection of the object's great circle of longitude.
	www.jb.man.ac.uk /almanac/help.html (7137 words)

	Glossary of Astronomical Terms
		An altazimuth mount requires motion of both axes to follow an astronomical object, but is simpler to make than an equatorial mount and can, in some forms, be held together by gravity.
		Tracking an object across the meridian requires that the telescope be moved from one side of the mount to the other, which in turn requires that both axes are rotated through 180º, thus reversing the orientation of the image.
		Objective Lens (or Object Glass) The lens in a refractor that is closest to the object under observation.
	www.astunit.com /tutorials/glossary.htm (4622 words)

	Imagine the Universe! Dictionary
		Ripples in space-time caused by the motion of objects in the universe.
		Astronomically, it is half the angle which a a star appears to move as the earth moves from one side of the sun to the other.
		The supplementary SI unit of angular measure, defined as the central angle of a circle whose subtended arc is equal to the radius of the circle.
	imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov /docs/dictionary.html (10412 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Science/Nature \| Most distant galaxy detected
		The SDF project's main goal is to detect a large number of the most distant galaxies detectable and to understand their properties and their impact on the evolution of the cosmos.
		Astronomers believe that the earliest galaxies rapidly formed stars from hydrogen and the light from those stars would have excited any hydrogen remaining around them.
		Astronomers believe that before the first stars and galaxies formed, the Universe was in a so-called dark age.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/sci/tech/2884411.stm (488 words)

	What Is Visual Magnitude? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The term "visual" means the brightness is being measured in the visible part of the spectrum, the part you can see with your eye (usually around 5500 angstroms).
		When astronomers began to accurately measure the brightness of stars using instruments, it was found that each magnitude is about 2.5 times brighter than the next greater magnitude.
		Astronomers usually refer to "apparent magnitudes", that is, how bright a star appears to us here at Earth.
	liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov /academy/universe/MAG.HTML (385 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Science/Nature \| Hubble sees 'most distant object'
		The new object was first seen in a series of observations of a cluster of galaxies known as Abell 2218, conducted with Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys, installed on its last servicing mission.
		Gravitational lensing is a remarkable astronomical trick, first predicted by Einstein, that allows scientists to probe regions of the Universe that are estimated to be 13bn light-years away - to look back in time to when some of the very first stars were shining.
		The term "Dark Ages" was coined by the English Astronomer Royal, Sir Martin Rees, to signify the period in cosmic history when hydrogen atoms first formed but stars had not yet had the opportunity to condense and ignite.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/sci/tech/3490657.stm (650 words)

	BBC News \| SCI/TECH \| Most distant objects observed
		Because the Universe is expanding, the Doppler effect causes the light from distant objects to be "stretched" and shifted into the red end of the spectrum.
		Astronomers say that the key to SDSS's success in quasar spotting is its recording of precision digital data in five colours, which allows researchers to easily distinguish quasars from more common faint stars.
		Astronomers captured the spectra of the two record breakers with a 3.5-metre (11.5 feet) telescope, located at the Apache Point Observatory in New Mexico, also the site of the SDSS telescope.
	news.bbc.co.uk /hi/english/sci/tech/newsid_1432000/1432321.stm (480 words)

	Astronomical Markup Language (AML) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Astronomical Markup Language (AML) was designed as a means of representing varying types of data in the field of astronomy.
		However, the shortcoming of astronomical web sites is that they are good at presenting their data in visual manner (a strength of the WWW), however, they are generally not good at presenting data in a structured format that others may use.
		The astronomical coordinate systems use degrees, minutes and seconds the same as the latitude and longitude system used to mark points on the globe, thus the COORD element, with the LAT and LON subelements could represent terrestrial locations.
	www.cs.odu.edu /~dorton/cs695/assign1/AML.html (2318 words)

	Information Extraction: New Developments in Astronomical Information Retrieval for Electronic Publications
		This means that they find how the object name has to be written in the database, and whether or not the object is already in the database.
		As already discussed, an astronomical object name can be a complex expression, a validation by an expert remains necessary to ensure the correctness and completeness of the recognition.
		Astronomical object name extraction can be done by the authors and publishers in parallel with automatic techniques, but an expert will still have to control that information.
	www.eso.org /gen-fac/libraries/lisa3/lestevens.html (2768 words)

	Meade Instruments Corporation - Meade Autostars
		Object Database: Included within Autostar's database are all of the following astronomical objects — a range of objects certain to keep even the most active amateur astronomer growing in his or her studies of the skies for years:
		Once an object is located by Autostar, the telescope automatically tracks it and keeps it centered in the telescope's field of view, fully compensating for the Earth's rotation.
		Autostar's celestial object database includes more than 1500 astronomical objects, any of which may be entered on to the Autostar display; alternately, the Right Ascension and Declination of any object in the sky may be input to the Autostar display.
	www.meade.com /autostar/autostars.html (1533 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Science/Nature \| Distant object found orbiting Sun
		It is one of the largest objects ever found in the outer Solar System and is almost certainly made of ice and rock.
		It was picked up by astronomers of the Institute of Astrophysics in Andalusia as part of a survey of the outer solar system for new objects that they have been carrying out since 2002.
		Because the object is relatively bright, astronomers are frantically checking other observations that may have picked it up, particularly robotic sky surveys.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/science/nature/4726733.stm (323 words)

	Color Presentation of Astronomical Images
		In the physical and astronomical sense, a color is the ratio of two intensities measured in two different wavelength regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, also called wavelength bands.
		The astronomical object is shown in a way it would be seen by the eye (if it would be extremely sensitive).
		Astronomical science of course is not restricted to the wavelengths of the three human sensitivity curves.
	www.allthesky.com /articles/imagecolor.html (1581 words)

	[No title]
		The type of observation such as an astronomical exposure or a particular type of calibration exposure: OBJECT = astronomical object; STANDARD = Astronomical flux standard for calibration; LAMP = Calibration lamp; FLAT = Flat-field exposure for calibration; DARK = Dark current exposure for calibration.
		This will usually be the name of the astronomical target object but sometimes it is not or has additional information (e.g.
		This is the total time during which photons from the object of interest are collected by the detector.
	www.astro.ucla.edu /~shuping/SOFIA/Keywords/XML/SOFIADictionary.xml (2556 words)

	SIMBAD: How to retrieve information for one object ? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Object names such as Vega and Altair, but also Barnard's star or Crab Nebula, are stored in the database in a specific catalog called ``NAME'', while star names in constellations, such as alpha Lyrae, are stored as catalogue ``*'', and variable stars (R Aquarii) in the catalogue ``VAR''.
		It may be useful to search all objects, in the database, around a given object.
		More details about the handling of data related to an astronomical object are given in the chapter 16: ``Managing an astronomical object''.
	astro.u-strasbg.fr /candle/ch05.htx (941 words)

	Method and apparatus for realtime-monitoring astronomical object with speckle interferometry - Patent 4913549
		An apparatus for realtime-monitoring an astronomical object with speckle interferometry, comprising:
		More particularly, the present invention relates to a realtime monitor of an astronomical object using speckle interferometry, which is suitable for observation of a double star.
		In addition, by means of dividing the output average power spectrum by that of the reference star, the double star and other astronomical objects can be observed within a very short period of time and yet the normalized average power spectrum image with high-resolution can be obtained.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4913549.html (2454 words)

	Astronomical object (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Astronomers believe the object is a neutron star-a remnant of a collapsed...
		(discovery of new astronomical object found to be optical illusion formed by gravitati...
		Astronomical Objects for Southern Telescopes : With an Addendum for Northern Observatories
	hallencyclopedia.com /Astronomical_object (335 words)

	Astronomical Glossary - N thru R
		This means that the object will cross the meridian exactly at midnight.
		The apparent change of position of a close object compared to a more distant object when the viewer shifts the position from which he views the object (try this: hold your finger close to your face and look at it first with one eye, and then the other.
		The object which is the gravitational center of the system.
	www.wro.org /ras/glossary/n-r.htm (1236 words)

	Astronomy Dictionary : Starshine.com
		A numeric representation of the brightness of a celestial object.
		A disturbance in the motion of an object, produced by some force additional to that which causes its regular motion; as, the perturbations of the planets are caused by their attraction on each other.
		Sidereal time is the time it takes for an astronomical object outside of our solar system to return to the same spot in the sky in one day, or approximately 24 hours.
	www.starshine.com /frankn/astronomy/AstroDictionary.asp (1912 words)

	Newswise
		NASA astronomers have captured the first focused images of any astronomical object at hard x-ray wavelengths.
		Whenever astronomers see the sky for the first time in a new part of the electromagnetic spectrum, they inevitably spot something they didn't expect -- from fl holes to pulsars to planet-forming disks, there's always a surprise.
		Now NASA astronomers have captured the first focused images of any astronomical object at hard x-ray wavelengths.
	www.newswise.com /articles/view/24585 (104 words)

	Brookstone.com - 1-866-576-7337 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Every object in the sky moves in the same manner as our Sun, rising in the East and setting in the West.
		A complete novice can now find many objects their first night out under the stars that would have otherwise required perhaps years of detailed study of the heavens to locate.
		With a manual telescope, keeping an object in the field of view is a constantly demanding challenge.
	www.meade.com /brookstone/AAT6.html (471 words)

	Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In particular, multiple objects can only be observed if they are simultaneously in the field of view of the telescope.
		Also, in order to obtain the maximum advantage from the instrument the various objects being observed should be of similar brightness, otherwise the duration of the observation must be set by the faintest object and some of the advantage of simultaneous observation is lost.
		In an IFU the fibres are simply packed in a regular grid positioned in the focal surface of the telescope and thus produce a set of spectra at a grid of points on the sky.
	star-www.rl.ac.uk /star/dvi/sc14.htx/node3.html (952 words)

	MAST UIT Search Help
		(If the object name is not recognized by the resolver, or there is some other problem with the SIMBAD service, then the search form will be redrawn with an error message at the top.) These coordinates will then be used to search the UIT database, along with whatever other query qualifications you have given.
		In that case, the search form will be redrawn with the object's right ascension and declination entered as defaults in the RA and Dec fields.
		Resolving an object name will not change any other choices made in the form, except for the equinox, which will be reset to J2000 (since the SIMBAD resolver returns J2000 coordinates).
	archive.stsci.edu /uit/search_help.html (1829 words)

	Cover Pages: Astronomical Markup Language
		[January 30, 2001] "AML, 'Astronomical Markup Language', is an XML language, aimed at being a standard exchange format for metadata in astronomy.
		This means that all these objects can be described with the same language, allowing easier establishing of links between them, and the creation of programs handling all these objects with the same user interface.
		An example of an AML document representing an astronomical object is given in Appendix 1.
	www.oasis-open.org /cover/aml.html (962 words)

	Managing an astronomical object (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		As a result of a query by identifier, the database sets the queried astronomical object as current context, which is ready to be displayed.
		In an object list, the astronomical object agent has the name of the object list agent, followed by the number of the object in the list.
		If it is a kept astronomical object, you may give the name yourself in the keep command.
	simbad.u-strasbg.fr /guide/node75.html (384 words)

	Astronomical Coordinate Systems
		In contrast to the apparent horizon which defines coordinates of objects as the observer perceives them, the true horizon is defined by the plane parallel to the apparent horizon, but through the center of Earth.
		The main disadvantage of the horizon system is the steady change of coordinates for a given astronomical object as Earth rotates during the course of the day.
		of the object and the geographic latitude B of the observer.
	www.seds.org /~spider/spider/ScholarX/coords.html (3777 words)

	Boston.com / News / Boston Globe / Health / Science / A close encounter with a wild comet
		Researchers describe the strange astronomical object in a series of papers in the June 18 issue of Science.
		The spacecraft came within less than 150 miles of Wild 2 in January 2004, collecting samples of the particles swirling around its nucleus and taking the most detailed, high-resolution images of a comet ever.
		Other surprises included finding 20 jets of gas and dust being violently ejected from the comet's surface, as well as discovering that the dust cloud surrounding the nucleus was made up of distinct, small, dense particle swarms.
	www.boston.com /news/globe/health_science/articles/2004/06/22/a_close_encounter_with_a_wild_comet (295 words)

	Astronomical Object Finder (AltAzi Conversion)
		In this context RA and dec are respectively akin to the familiar longitude and latitude system used to describe positions on the surface of the Earth.
		Although the RA and dec of distant objects (such as stars, nebulae and galaxies) are essentially constant (their proper motions usually have a negligible effect), from the point of view of an Earthly observer they appear to move across the sky as the Earth rotates.
		Given the celestial co-ordinates of an object it is possible to locate the object by finding its alt-azi co-ordinates for a specified observing time and location on Earth.
	www.met.rdg.ac.uk /~ross/Astronomy/AltAzi.html (524 words)

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