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Topic: Battle of Verdun

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	First World War.com - Battles - The Battle of Verdun, 1916
		The German siege of Verdun and its ring of forts, which comprised the longest battle of the First World War, has its roots in a letter sent by the German Chief of Staff, Erich von Falkenhayn, to the Kaiser, Wilhelm II, on Christmas Day 1915.
		Originally scheduled for 1 August, the Battle of the Somme was brought forward to 1 July upon the insistence of the French.
		By this stage the German Chancellor, Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg, was scathing in his condemnation of Falkenhayn’s lack of success in Verdun, which was proving as costly in terms of manpower to Germany as it was to France.
	www.firstworldwar.com /battles/verdun.htm (2238 words)

	Verdun - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Verdun became part of the middle kingdom Lotharingia, and later of the Holy Roman Empire, in which it was an Imperial Free City.
		Verdun was a Gallic fortress before Roman times and later a key asset in wars against Prussia, and Falkenhayn knew that the French would throw as many men as necessary into its defence.
		Consequently, Verdun was utterly unprepared for the initial bombardment on the morning of 21 February 1916.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Verdun (815 words)

	Battle of Verdun - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The battle was fought between the German and French armies between February 21 and 19 December 1916 around Verdun-sur-Meuse in northeast France.
		Verdun was poorly defended because artillery guns had been removed from the local fortifications, but good intelligence and a delay in the German attack due to bad weather gave the French time to rush two divisions of 30th Corps, the 72nd and 51st, to the area.
		The battle began on 21 February 1916 with a nine-hour artillery bombardment firing 1,000,000 shells by 1,200 guns on a front of 40 km, followed by an attack by three army corps (the 3rd, 7th, and 18th).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Verdun (1314 words)

	Battle of Verdun - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The battle was fought between the German and French armies between February 21 and 19 December 1916 around Verdun in northeast France.
		The battle began on 21 February 1916 with a nine-hour artillery bombardment by 1,200 guns on a front of 40 km, followed by an attack by three army corps (the 3rd, 7th, and 18th).
		The battle of Verdun became a symbol of French determination, inspired by the sacrifice of the defenders.
	www.collegestation.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Battle_of_Verdun (1390 words)

	Cossee \| Verdun 2000, verdun
		Verdun was evangelized by Saint-Saintin during the fourth century.
		The uniting of Verdun with France was officialized in 1648 by the treaty of Wesphalia.
		Verdun was liberated on October 14th by General Kellerman and his troups after their victory in Valmy.
	home.planet.nl /~cosse001/eng/verdun.html (486 words)

	The Great War . Historians . Stephane Audoin-Rouzeau \| PBS
		"The battle of Verdun is the battle of France.
		There was no battle before, and no battle after, which was so important in the French memory.
		In their eyes, the battle was a defense of their women, their wives, the children, the French religion, the French soil.
	www.pbs.org /greatwar/historian/hist_audoin_03_verdun.html (279 words)

	Battle of Verdun 1916
		ith 143 000 Germans and 163 000 French killed, the battle of Verdun was not the most murderous confrontation of World War I. But it's still in minds because of the atrocious conditions in which Germans and French were faced themselves on a battlefield of 15 miles on 3.
		Verdun is the symbol of burial, of the unceasing steal storm, of very expensive human lives infantry assaults just for a few yards of land taken to the adversary and immediately reconquered by an enemy counterattack.
		Verdun, it is also fights for forts Douaumont and Vaux and the heroic resistance of fort Souville...
	thetunnel.free.fr /verdun-e.html (175 words)

	::The Battle of Verdun::
		The Battle of Verdun in 1916 was the longest single battle of World War One.
		The casualties from Verdun and the impact the battle had on the French Army was a primary reason for the British starting the Battle of the Somme in July 1916 in an effort to take German pressure off of the French at Verdun.
		On June 24th, the bombardment on the Somme could be heard at Verdun and with days, the battle at the Somme was to dominate military planners on the Western Front.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /battle_of_verdun.htm (1481 words)

	The Great War . Maps & Battles . The Battle of Verdun \| PBS
		Begun in mid-February 1916, and ending in December, the battle of Verdun symbolized for the French the strength and fortitude of their armed forces and the solidarity of the entire nation.
		After a few short weeks, the battle took on a life of its own, with small groups of men on both sides fighting local battles in constant struggle for their lives, and protection of the territory they occupied.
		Verdun is still considered by many military historians as the 'greatest' and most demanding battle in history.
	www.pbs.org /greatwar/maps/maps_verdun.html (173 words)

	World War I - Wikimedia Commons
		The armoured cruiser SMS Gneisenau, sunk at the Battle of the Falkland Islands, 8 December 1914.
		The armoured cruiser HMS Monmouth, sunk at the Battle of Coronel on 1 November 1914
		Battle of Heligoland Bight, 28 August 1914: the German light cruiser SMS Mainz on fire and sinking.
	commons.wikimedia.org /wiki/World_War_I (723 words)

	The Battle of Verdun
		It was because Verdun was situated in a salient in the frontline as a result of which the Germans in a half circular-shape surrounded the battleground and this gave them a great advantage in their gunnery bombardments.
		Verdun was a garrison-town situated in the Region Fortifée de Verdun (RFV) at the river Muese.
		The general Herz, the commander in chief of Verdun, repeatedly plead for reinforcement of the lines, especially when it became clear from messages received from fled civilians and deserted Germans soldiers, that the Germans were preparing an attack on Verdun.
	members.fortunecity.se /mikaelxii/ww1/Western/Verdun/Verdun.html (1924 words)

	Verdun: the most devastating battle
		Verdun was a French town built on highly fortified, almost impenetrable hills.
		They judged the fortifications to be useless and Verdun to be an unimportant target.
		The battle lasted for 11 months and 28 days with many charges and attempts by the Germans to capture French hills and forts.
	www.angelfire.com /country/francewwi/verdun.html (198 words)

	Bildt Comments: The Non of Verdun
		The battle for Verdun was one of the most horrible of the horrible battles on the Western Front during the First World War.
		But Verdun is also a symbol of the reconciliation between France and Germany that is at the very core of the efforts at European integration and, eventually, the European Union.
		The Non olf Verdun vividly shows that we need a new story of Europe in the age of globalisation in order to get and retain the support of the voters for all that we are trying to achieve.
	bildt.blogspot.com /2005/06/non-of-verdun.html (399 words)

	BBC - History - Battle of Verdun: 21 February 1916 - July 1916 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Battle of Verdun: 21 February 1916 - July 1916
		One of the costliest battles of World War One, Verdun exemplified the 'war of attrition' pursued by both sides and which cost so many lives.
		By the winter of 1915-16, German General Erich von Falkenhayn was convinced that the war could only be won in the west.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/war/wwone/battle_verdun.shtml (536 words)

	First World War.com - Primary Documents - Erich Ludendorff on the Battle of Verdun, 21 February 1916
		Often described as the greatest battle of the war, casualties on both sides were immense.
		Ludendorff's dim view of the battle was perhaps inevitably coloured by the fact that its failure brought Hindenburg and Ludendorff to power in Berlin.
		Verdun from the viewpoint of general strategy was well chosen as the place for our attack; for Verdun was a particularly threatening starting-point for a French counterassault.
	www.firstworldwar.com /source/verdun_ludendorff.htm (726 words)

	'+alt+'
		The main base of the defensive belt of Verdun with a size of 3 hectare area and 3 km gallery systems.Today one can strall over its of shells racked up ceiling with numerous turrets.
		The city Verdun is shaped by its historical townscape.
		The Caures forest is shaped by the history of lieutenant colonel Driant and its 1200 riflemen.
	www.verdun14-18.de /pages/en/remarkable_east.htm (679 words)

	Verdun, battle of on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		VERDUN, BATTLE OF [Verdun, battle of] the longest and one of the bloodiest engagements of World War I.
		Trucks made the difference at Verdun: the titanic World War I Battle of Verdun is best known for its unprecedented carnage.
		US born singer Barbara Hendricks prepares to perform in the Verdun cathedral, 21 February 2006, eastern France, as part of the comemorating ceremonies of the Verdun battle 90th anniversary.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/V/Verdun-b.asp (936 words)

	battle of Verdun
		Verdun, battle of, the longest and one of the bloodiest engagements of
		A British offensive on the Somme relieved the pressure on Verdun in July, 1916, and by December the French had recovered most of the ground lost.
		The intention of the Germans had been a battle of attrition in which they hoped to bleed the French army white.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/history/A0850683.html (252 words)

	Battle of Verdun
		The battle began in February, when the Germans had amassed 1,400 guns.
		However, the Germans were finally stopped, in a grinding battle that lasted until June.
		The French lost an estimated 350,000 troops in the battle.
	www.historycentral.com /WorldWarOne/BattleofVerdun.html (49 words)

	Battle of Verdun -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		In the last phase of the war, fought mostly outside of Italy, France was beaten at the battles of Saint-Quentin (1557) and Gravelines (1558).
		After several battles, including the bloody one at Fontenoy, the three brothers came to an agreement in the Treaty of Verdun (843).
		The Battle of Marathon was a decisive victory for the Greeks during the Persian Wars.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9075085 (734 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Special Report \| 1998 \| 10/98 \| World War I \| Verdun: Symbol of suffering
		The battle of Verdun was the longest battle of war and cost both sides many thousands of casualties.
		The Germans wanted the battle to be a long one, with the intention of inflicting as many casualties on the French as possible.
		France's Field-Marshal Joseph Joffre, who was himself concentrating on the battle of the Somme, entrusted the defence of Verdun to General Henri Petain and the Second Army.
	news.bbc.co.uk /hi/english/special_report/1998/10/98/world_war_i/newsid_203000/203224.stm (381 words)

	Verdun
		General Falkenhayn decided that at Verdun he would wage a battle of attrition against the French Army that would bleed it dry and drive France from the war.
		The longest battle of the Great War, The Battle of Verdun raged for 10 months, from February to December, 1916, and cost nearly a million casualties on both sides (but no one will ever know for sure the exact total).
		The old fortress city of Verdun was ringed by strongholds and forts, the largest and most important of these being Fort Douaumont —; called by one writer "the most shelled spot on earth." The Germans captured Fort Douaumont in February, 1916; the French finally retook it in October.
	www.lib.byu.edu /~english/WWI/historical/Verdun.html (503 words)

	Major Battles
		A major military engagement of World War I, the Battle of Verdun was a ten month long ordeal between the French and German armies.
		The battle was part of an unsuccessful German campaign to take the offensive on the western front.
		The Battle of Verdun is considered to be one of the most brutal events of World War I, and the site itself is remembered as the "battlefield with the highest density of dead per square yard." (Horne, 1)
	www.home.zonnet.nl /rene.brouwer/majorbattles.htm (1215 words)

	Battle of Verdun (1916 AD)
		Verdun was a "victory" that would haunt French military and political leaders for a generation.
		This battle was a narrow victory for the French.
		This battle was a decisive victory for the French.
	www.juniorgeneral.org /verdun/verdun.html (2319 words)

	News from France vol 96.4 - March 1st 1996- EVENEMENT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		On 21 February 1996, a ceremony took place in the forest of the Caures to commemorate the two first days of the Battle of Verdun in eastern France.
		Germany's target was the vast fortress of Verdun, which was the symbol of French military might.
		The fighting was so bloody and the losses so heavy that the Battle of Verdun is commonly called the "butchery." Indeed, from February 21 to December 16, 163,000 French and 142,000 Germans deaths were registered.
	www.info-france-usa.org /publi/nff/96nff4/eve7.htm (325 words)

	Battle of Verdun
		During the First World War Verdun was a fortified French garrison town on the River Meuse 200km east of Paris.
		On 24th February, General Henri-Philippe Petain was appointed commander of the Verdun sector.
		Verdun, the longest battle of the First World War, ended on the 18th December.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /FWWverdun.htm (467 words)

	The 20th-Century Abyss
		To 19th-century minds -- to the minds of the soldiers who fought at Verdun, whose notions of battle were steeped in cavalry charges, soldiers' honor, and chivalry -- this descent into a firestorm of thick mud and flying metal was madness.
		Wave after wave of humans were ordered to climb the trench walls, again and again, to race out into no man's land, to offer their bodies to the spray of machine gun bullets -- human waves crashing into the mud shores to dissipate and be overtaken by the next wave and then the next.
		Having stood on the edges of the 20th century -- one foot on a battlefield near Verdun, the other foot on the edge of the twin towers' chasm in New York -- I felt prepared to teach a course in the 20th century.
	www.commondreams.org /views04/0614-07.htm (932 words)

	[No title]
		Battle of Verdun (Feb. 21-Nov. 26, 1916)Battle of Verdun, an unsuccessful German effort to take the offensive in the west, was one of the longest and bloodiest encounters of the war.
		Battle of Gallipoli The Gallipoli campaign of 1915 was an Allied attempt to knock Ottoman Turkey out of WORLD WAR I and reopen a supply route to Russia Estimates of Allied casualties for the entire campaign are about 252,000, with the Turks suffering almost as many casualties--an estimated 251,000.
		Battle of Somme (June 24-Nov. 13, 1916)Throughout the summer and autumn the British continued a series of limited attacks, including the last large-scale use of horse cavalry in western Europe.
	killeenroos.com /5/WW1Bat.htm (1291 words)

	Verdun (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The battle of Verdun is considered the greatest and lengthiest battle in world history.
		The Germans were prepared for a long-drawn battle in order to inflict heavy French casualties and destroy French morale at the same time.
		It was a bitter battle with both sides loosing hundreds of thousands of men.
	www.natick.k12.ma.us /~winston_blackburn/Verdun (514 words)

	Lord Northcliffe's Commentary on Verdun
		The district of Verdun lies in one of the coldest and also the most misty sectors in the long line between Nieuport and Switzerland.
		The vast battle of Verdun might have been arranged for the benefit of interested spectators, were it not that the whole zone for miles around the great scene is as tightly closed to the outer world as a lodge of Freemason.
		The present attack on the French at Verdun is by far the most violent incident of the whole Western War.
	www.lib.byu.edu /~rdh/wwi/1916/verdun.html (2002 words)

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