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Plague: Diagnosis - CDC Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases (DVBID) Plague bacilli express a unique diagnostic envelope glycoprotein called the Fraction 1 (F1) antigen or capsular antigen at >33°C; this unique envelope antigen is the primary target antigen used for plague diagnostic FA and antibody tests. Plague bacilli are susceptible to lysis by a specific bacteriophage at both 25°C and 37°C. Plague bacilli are relatively inactive by standard enteric biochemical reactions; therefore, identification by biochemical profiles should be used as a supplemental diagnostic test. For serosurveillance of plague in animal populations, blood may be soaked and dried onto filter paper strips and sent to the laboratory for the detection of F1 antibody. www.cdc.gov /ncidod/dvbid/plague/diagnosis.htm   (907 words)

Plague - MSN Encarta Plague is transmitted by the bite of numerous insects that are parasitic on rodents. Bubonic plague is the most common form and is so called because it is characterized by the appearance of buboes—enlarged, inflamed lymph nodes—in the groin or armpit or on the neck. Untreated bubonic plague is fatal in 30 to 75 percent of all cases, whereas the mortality rate for pneumonic and septicemic plague is almost 100 percent when not treated. encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761565483/Plague.html   (898 words)

Bubonic plague - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Bubonic plague is the best-known variant of the deadly infectious disease plague, which is caused by the enterobacteria Yersinia pestis. Plague is primarily a disease of rodents, particularly marmots (in which the most virulent strains of plague are primarily found), but also fl rats, prairie dogs, chipmunks, squirrels and other similar large rodents. Plague continued to strike parts of Europe throughout the 14th century, the 15th century and the 16th century with varying degrees of intensity and fatality. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bubonic_plague   (3107 words)

Black Death - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The plague struck the Chinese province of Hubei in 1334. The plague repeatedly returned to haunt Europe and the Mediterranean throughout the fourteenth to seventeenth centuries, and although the bubonic plague still exists with isolated cases today, the Great Plague of London in 1665-1666 is generally recognized as one of the last major outbreaks. The bubonic plague was the most commonly seen form during the Black Death, with a mortality rate of thirty to seventy-five percent and symptoms including fever of 38 - 41 °C (101-105 °F), headaches, aching joints, nausea and vomiting, and a general feeling of malaise. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Black_plague   (6749 words)

Plague Facts Plague has three forms: bubonic plague (infection of the lymph glands), septicemia plague (infection of the blood), and pneumonic plague (infection of the lungs). Perinea pests cause plague, a bacterium that is spread from rodent to rodent by infected fleas. Plague is an ancient disease that occurs in irregular cycles and remains a public health hazard in parts of Asia, the Middle East, Eastern Europe, Africa, and South America, as well as the United States. www.astdhpphe.org /infect/plague.html   (1177 words)

HighBeam Encyclopedia - plague Bubonic plague, the most common form, is characterized by very high fever, chills, prostration, delirium, hemorrhaging of the small capillaries under the skin, and enlarged, painful lymph nodes (buboes), which suppurate and may discharge. The earliest known visitation of the plague to Europe occurred in Athens in 430 BC A disastrous epidemic occurred in the Mediterranean during the time of the Roman emperor Justinian; an estimated 25% to 50% of the population is reported to have succumbed. Locust clouds darken African skies: a plague of locusts is once again darkening the skies of the Sahelian region and moving north to attack crops in the Maghreb. www.encyclopedia.com /html/p1/plague.asp   (667 words)

The Bubonic plague Originating in the Orient, a plague swept westward and, by the spring of 1348, was rampant in the once-thriving Italian port of Sicily. Pneumonic plague is acquired by inhaling infected water vapors from the lungs of someone whose plague infection has spread to the respiratory tract. The Bubonic plague was the turning point of history, a disaster no one could comprehend or explain, and a horror that has not yet been forgotten in the collective past of humanity. me.essortment.com /bubonicplague_rvdr.htm   (2259 words)

Bubonic plague   (Site not responding. Last check: ) Bubonic plague is an infectious disease that is believed to have caused epidemics or pandemics throughout history. Untreated septicemic plague is universally fatal early treatment with antibiotics is effective (usually streptomycin or gentamycin) reducing the mortality rate around 15% (USA 1980s). With pneumonic plague the infected lungs raised the possibility of person-to-person transmission respiratory droplets. www.freeglossary.com /Bubonic_plague   (645 words)

THE BUBONIC PLAGUE Plague, was a term that was used in the Middle Ages to describe all fatal epidemic diseases, but now it is only applied to an infectious, contagious disease of rodents and humans. Bubonic plague can only be transmitted by the bite of any of numerous insects that are normally parasitic on rodents and that seek new hosts when the original host dies. The spread of the plague across the country was far too rapid to be accounted for by wild rodents in the countryside, and it is human transport which explains its movement along the major trade routes, usually by ship(British port to port), or on main roads and rivers. www.onlineessays.com /essays/history/his058.php   (1419 words)

eMedicine - CBRNE - Plague : Article by Demetres Velendzas Alexandre Yersin isolated the plague bacillus, developed an antiserum to combat the disease, and postulated its connection with fleas and rats during the epidemic of 1894. The etiologic agent of the plague is Y pestis, a facultative anaerobic, intracellular, gram-negative bacillus. The bubonic form of the plague involves the pathognomonic "bubo" and is caused by deposition of the bacillus in the skin by the bite of an infected vector. www.emedicine.com /emerg/topic428.htm   (5065 words)

Bubonic Plague Plague pneumonia, or pneumonic plague, is caused by the same bacteria as bubonic plague but the victim becomes infected by inhaling infected droplets from the lungs of someone whose plague infection has spread to the respiratory system. Bubonic plague is transmitted by the bite of any of numerous insects that are normally parasitic on rodents, and that seek new hosts when the original host dies. Untreated bubonic plague is fatal in 30 to 75 percent of all cases, pneumonic plague 95 percent of the time, and septicemic plague is almost always fatal. hhtml.tripod.com   (1193 words)

TED Cast Study BUBONIC Bubonic Plague is the least toxic of the three types, but still kills 50 to 60% of its victims (3). Plague could move into the hinterland with only slightly more difficulty than traveling by sea, as urban rodents would share their infected fleas with their rural cousins, and sometimes infected livestock would be driven from a town into the countryside. Plague was particularly severe in Scandinavia, perhaps because the cold weather caused pulmonary complications, and thus facilitated the deadly pneumonic plague. www.american.edu /TED/bubonic.htm   (3453 words)

templateeliz This particular type of plague was the bubonic plague, which is caused by the bacteria called Yersinia pests. The bubonic plague took almost 80,000 lives, between one quarter and one third of London's population at that time. The Great Plague, later to be known as the Black Death, within a span of four years (1347-1350) destroyed a quarter to a half of the population of Europe. www.springfield.k12.il.us /schools/springfield/eliz/plague.html   (1624 words)

PLAGUE AND PUBLIC HEALTH IN RENAISSANCE EUROPE Bubonic plague (Yersinia pestis) had been absent from Western Europe for nearly a millenium when it appeared in 1348. At the most basic level, recurrent plague tended to skim off significant portions of the children born between infestations of plague, dampening economic and demographic growth in most parts of Europe until the late seventeenth century. Plague stimulated chroniclers, poets and authors, and physicians to write about what might have caused the plague and how the plague affected the population at large the framing story of Boccaccio's Decameron is merely the most famous of the writings. www3.iath.virginia.edu /osheim/plaguein.html   (1001 words)

National Park Service Public Health Program - Bubonic Plague Factsheet Plague is transmitted from animal to animal and from animal to human by the bites of infective fleas. Plague is also transmitted by inhaling infected droplets expelled by coughing, by a person or animal, especially domestic cats, with pneumonic plague. Plague will probably continue to exist in its many localized geographic areas in the southwest since attempts to eliminate wild rodent plague are impractical and futile. www.nps.gov /public_health/inter/info/factsheets/fs_plague.htm   (856 words)

Zoonosis: Bubonic plague Because plague was not common to the area, further steps to positively identify the organism were initiated, and the assistance of the Centers for Disease Control Plague Laboratory was requested. Plague continues to be an endemic, emerging disease in western United States; cases were reported in 13 states between 1984 and 1993. Surveys of plague in wild animal populations during the 1990s have indicated that plague has spread to counties of the western Great Plains region, where it was not known to exist during more than 50 years of plague surveillance. www.avma.org /reference/zoonosis/znbuboni.asp   (2843 words)

CIGNA - Bubonic Plague Bubonic Plague is an acute, severe infectious disorder caused by the bacterium (bacillus) Yersinia Pestis. Bubonic Plague usually begins abruptly with chills followed by a high fever and swollen, painful lymph nodes in the groin, thigh, underarm (axilla), and/or neck. Bubonic Plague is caused by the bacteria (bacillus) Yersinia Pestis. www.cigna.com /healthinfo/nord428.html   (1306 words)

MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Plague Plague is caused by the organism Yersinia pestis. Bubonic plague is an infection of the lymph nodes. Pneumonic plague is an infection of the lungs. www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/000596.htm   (608 words)

Bubonic Plague The plague is transmitted by the rat flea (Xenopsylla Cheopis). The first symptoms of the Bubonic Plague are headache, nausea, vomitting, and aching joints. The Middle Ages marked a time of strong religious convictions, and it was during the Bubonic Plague that anger toward the Roman Catholic Church and the persecution of Jews intensified. www.richeast.org /htwm/Plague/Plague.html   (1617 words)

Bubonic plague Bubonic plague is caused by a bacterium (Yersinia pestis), usually carried by fleas. The demographic effect the Bubonic Plague was dramatic – but impact of the plague went way beyond just death toll. But plague did promote the persecution of groups thought to be in league with the devil. www.luc.edu /faculty/ldossey/bubonicanov6.htm   (2356 words)

Plague: Yersinia pestis Plague or fl death is an infection of rodents caused by Yersinia pestis and accidentially transmitted to humans by the bite of infected fleas. Plague is endemic in the U.S. Here is a picture of the endemic regions. As the epidemic of bubonic plague develops (especially under conditions of severe overcrowding, malnutrition, and heavy flea infestation), it eventually shifts into a predominately pneumonic form, which is far more difficult to control and which has 100 percent mortality. www.kcom.edu /faculty/chamberlain/Website/lectures/lecture/plague.htm   (1391 words)

Bubonic plague - WrongDiagnosis.com Bubonic plague is listed as a "rare disease" by the Office of Rare Diseases (ORD) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). This means that Bubonic plague, or a subtype of Bubonic plague, affects less than 200,000 people in the US population. With a diagnosis of Bubonic plague, it is also important to consider whether there is an underlying condition causing Bubonic plague. www.wrongdiagnosis.com /b/bubonic_plague/intro.htm   (405 words)

Bubonic Plague | World of Microbiology and Immunology Bubonic plague is a disease that is typically passed from rodents to other animals and humans via the bite of a flea. During the Middle Ages, an huge epidemic of bubonic plague was referred to as the Black Death, because of the flening of the skin due to the dried blood that accumulated under the skin's surface. The infrequent outbreaks of bubonic plague does not mean the disease disappears altogether. www.bookrags.com /research/bubonic-plague-wmi   (760 words)

Bubonic Plague Plague is common in areas harboring rodents such as prairie dogs. A: The most common form is bubonic plague, which causes swollen lymph nodes and fever. If plague patients are not treated with specific antibiotic therapy, the disease can progress rapidly to death. www.armymedicine.army.mil /hc/healthtips/09/bubonicplague.cfm   (425 words)

CNN.com - Bubonic plague suspected in NYC visitors - Jan. 15, 2003 Tests on the man were "presumptive positive" for the plague, and his wife is suffering from similar symptoms, with tests pending, he said. Bubonic plague is a bacterial disease in rodents transmitted to humans through the bites of infected fleas. Pneumonic plague, a more serious form of the disease, occurs when plague bacteria are inhaled after direct contact with infected animals, including rodents, wildlife and pets. archives.cnn.com /2002/HEALTH/11/07/ny.plague   (452 words)

The Black Death: Bubonic Plague In the early 1330s an outbreak of deadly bubonic plague occurred in China. The bubonic plague mainly affects rodents, but fleas can transmit the disease to people. Plague causes fever and a painful swelling of the lymph glands called buboes, which is how it gets its name. www.themiddleages.net /plague.html   (571 words)

CDC Plague Home Page - CDC Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases (DVBID) People usually get plague from being bitten by a rodent flea that is carrying the plague bacterium or by handling an infected animal. Today, modern antibiotics are effective against plague, but if an infected person is not treated promptly, the disease is likely to cause illness or death. In North America, plague is found in certain animals and their fleas from the Pacific Coast to the Great Plains, and from southwestern Canada to Mexico. www.cdc.gov /ncidod/dvbid/plague   (345 words)

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