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	Classical Chinese - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Classical Chinese was once used for almost all formal correspondence before and during the beginning of the 20th century, not only in China but also (during various different periods) in Korea, Japan, and Vietnam.
		Literary Chinese is known as Hanmun (漢文) (language of the Han) in Korean; as Kanbun (Kyūjitai: 漢文; Shinjitai: 漢文) (language of the Han) in Japanese; and Chữ nho (字儒) in Vietnamese.
		Ironically, Classical Chinese was used to write the Hunmin Jeongeum in which the modern Korean alphabet (Hangul) was promulgated and the essay by Hu Shi in which he argued against using Classical Chinese and in favor of baihua.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Classical_Chinese (1849 words)

	Classical Chinese Summary
		The dominance of classical Chinese came to an end after the first Opium War (1840–1842) as intellectuals began to see the classical/vernacular gap as a hindrance to greater literacy and called for the replacement of classical Chinese with the modern spoken language in education and media as part and parcel of the modernization of China.
		Classical Chinese was once used for almost all formal correspondence before the 20th century, not only in China but also in Korea, Japan, and Vietnam.
		Literary Chinese written for a Korean audience is known as Hanmun; for a Japanese audience, it is known as Kanbun (in characters both are written as 漢文, meaning written language of the Han); and for a Vietnamese audience, it is Chữ nho (字儒).
	www.bookrags.com /Classical_Chinese (3305 words)

	Classical Chinese Medicine : About Us
		Fruehauf is the Founding Professor of the School of Classical Chinese Medicine at the National College of Natural Medicine, a scholar of ancient Chinese symbolism, and a practitioner of Chinese Medicine at the Hai Shan Clinic in Corbett, Oregon.
		Wang is now recognized by the Chinese government as one of the outstanding masters of Daoist medicine, holding a lifetime appointment for research in the field of martial arts and the ancient science of nourishing life at the Sichuan Academy of Cultural Sciences.
		He is also at the forefront of a Chinese renaissance movement that aims at reviving the depth and the core values of Classical Chinese Medicine.
	www.classicalchinesemedicine.org /aboutus.htm (1341 words)

	A Classical Chinese Garden at the Arboretum
		The Classical Chinese Garden is an original design developed by a joint team of designers from the People’s Republic of China and the United States.
		The Classical Chinese Garden at the U. National Arboretum will be the finest example of a classical Chinese garden in the United States due to several factors.
		The Chinese Garden is located adjacent to a mature dawn redwood grove and the Arboretum’s extensive collection of Asian plants.
	www.usna.usda.gov /Gardens/collections/ClassicalChineseGarden_USNA.html (988 words)

	Chinese (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The literature offerings, which may be taken as Chinese or literature courses, are designed to provide students with opportunities to read with critical insight all the major genres of Chinese literature in the historical, cultural, and theoretical contexts of the relevant texts.
		The Chinese House, a residence hall, is the center of extracurricular activities for students interested in Chinese culture.
		The course examines the growth of Chinese cinema in the hands of five "generations" of filmmakers and beyond, focusing on the development of aesthetics of Chinese film and the changing role of film as social commentary and cultural critique.
	web.reed.edu /academic/catalog/chin.html (1677 words)

	What’s Classical Chinese
		While the characters used in Classical Chinese may look the same as modern Chinese, Classical Chinese is quite a bit different from modern Chinese.
		The differences between the meanings in modern Chinese and classical Chinese are considerable.
		Nouns as adverbials: In classical Chinese, it is possible to use nouns directly as adverbials, without a preposition, which is required in modern Chinese and English.
	www-rohan.sdsu.edu /dept/chinese/aspect/classical.html (683 words)

	Chinese poetry - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Chinese poetry can be divided into three main periods: the early period, characterised by folk songs in simple, repetitive forms; the classical period from the Han Dynasty to the fall of the Qing Dynasty, in which a number of different forms were developed; and the modern period of Westernised free verse.
		The Shi Jing (literally "Classic of Poetry", also called "Book of Songs") was the first major collection of Chinese poems, collecting both aristocratic poems (Odes) and more rustic poetry, probably derived from folksongs (Songs).
		In the Six Dynasties Period (220-589), the fu remained a major poetic genre, and together with the shi poem formed the twin generic pillars of Chinese poetry until the shi began to be seen as dominant in the Tang dynasty.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chinese_poetry (1173 words)

	Asian and Middle Eastern Languages and Literatures-Chinese (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Chinese 22 and 23 covers a full second-year level course, using the textbook "Integrated Chinese Level Two" and a variety of other materials.
		An introduction to the basic grammar and vocabulary of the Classical Chinese language using examples from a selection of texts from the Warring States Period.
		Traditional Chinese literature ranges from the earliest examples, divinations inscribed on turtle plastrons and ox scapulae dating back more than 3000 years, to the popular knight errant novels of the early 19th century.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~damell/programs/chinese.html (1940 words)

	Classical Paradigms: mothers, wives, and daughters (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The traditional Chinese view of women in general is one of submission, sacrifice, and obedience within the framework of a patriarchal society.
		The classical relationship between mothers and daughters is one where the daughter is submissive to the mother or mother-in-law.
		According to the classical view, women are nagging, selfish, non-ethereal and greedy as is displayed in the story of Chang E and Yi.
	www.wellesley.edu /Chinese/Mou/SYau/ClassPara.htm (817 words)

	The Victory Garden . Vancouver's Classical Chinese Garden \| PBS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Dr. Sun Yat-Sen Classical Chinese Garden is characteristic of the gardens built by scholars during the Ming Dynasty (AD 1368-1644), and is influenced by several such gardens in the city of Suzhou.
		Classical Chinese gardens contain plants known for their mystical and symbolic qualities.
		Originally designed by Daoist poets, classical Chinese gardens were meant to create an atmosphere of tranquility for contemplation and inspiration.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/victorygarden/victorygardens/othergardens/sunyatsen (797 words)

	Classical Chinese
		There was no explicit distinction between singular and plural in Classical Chinese pronouns; when it was not apparent from the context, a typical solution was to add a term for "group" to the pronoun.
		Classical Chinese distributive pronouns included 孰 "which one," 末 "no one," 個 "each one, every one," and 或 "some one." 孰 and 個 could refer to either human beings or objects; 末 and 或 were more likely to refer solely to human beings.
		Etymologically, however, it is not related to the Classical negative: the modern pronunciation bu4 should go back to MC *puet, which is not actually recorded in any of the dictionaries.
	www.isi.edu /~brian/chinese/classical.html (1163 words)

	Department of Asian and Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures - Chinese Courses (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		This course is not intended for native or near native speakers of Mandarin Chinese.
		Chinese 102 is the continuation of Chinese 101.
		Native and near-native speakers of Chinese are not eligible for this course.
	www.virginia.edu /amelc/chinese.html (2354 words)

	A New Introduction to Classical Chinese (Paperback)
		This is a review of _A New Introduction to Classical Chinese_ by Raymond Dawson (which is an update of his earlier _An Introduction to Classical Chinese_).
		Roughly speaking, Classical Chinese is to modern Chinese as Latin is to Italian.
		Classical Chinese was, for millennia, the language that was read and written by intellectuals in not only China, but also Korea, Japan and Vietnam.
	www.lexiconer.com /chinese/books.php?id=7 (1087 words)

	Press Room \| Portland Classical Chinese Garden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In Chinese tradition, garden landscape without poetry is not complete, and Lan Su Yuan—the Portland Classical Chinese Garden—is graced with a wealth of poetic inscriptions.
		This rich canon of classical Chinese poetry enhances the garden as a new setting for China’s enduring culture.
		The Portland Classical Chinese Garden is located at Northwest Third and Everett in Portland.
	www.portlandchinesegarden.org /awakening/orchids/info/C13 (842 words)

	Classical Chinese Medicine School and Oriental Medicine School : The National College of Natural Medicine in Portland, ...
		• Honor the philosophical precepts that are shared by naturopathic medicine and classical Chinese medicine--belief in the healing power of nature, focus on identifying the root causes of disease, and treatment of the person as a multifaceted entity.
		The classical Chinese medicine approach is especially suited to give new insights into the treatment of difficult and recalcitrant diseases.
		When the establishment of an Oriental medicine program at NCNM was first considered, the College found that Chinese medicine, as a natural healing art, was well within the scope of the philosophy underlying the general mission of the College.
	www.ncnm.edu /academics/classical_chinese_medicine_school.php (976 words)

	China: Classical Music
		Somewhat unusually, instrumental performance has long had a certain kind of pre-eminence in Chinese art music, as scholars of all disciplines were expected to become proficient in it.
		Chinese music is basically pentatonic-diatonic, meaning that the basic pentatonic scale can be modulated within a diatonic context.
		This is the most characteristic instrument of the Chinese classical orchestra, described in writing as early as the Han Dynasty, and found in variants thoughout the area.
	www.medieval.org /music/world/china.html (1390 words)

	Kiam Yoong - Designer Maker of Fine Classical Chinese Furniture
		He was later inspired by the book Classic Chinese Furniture by Wang Shixiang and was overwhelmed by the beauty, elegance and intricacy of the pieces presented.
		Rather, inspiration and commitment to the classical Chinese furniture style laid the path for Kiam to use his skills in bringing the designs to life.
		A continuous learning and understanding of the classical Chinese furniture style to revive the art in its original form by replicating styles and principles of both design and construction, free from the constraints of modern mass production techniques.
	chinesefurniture.kiams.net /about.htm (431 words)

	Austere Luminosity of Chinese Classical Furniture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Chinese classical furniture is esteemed throughout the world for its beauty, functionalism, and influence on contemporary design aesthetics.
		Handler, a widely respected scholar of Chinese furniture, uses her knowledge of Chinese social, political, and economic history to provide a backdrop for understanding the many nuances of this art form.
		An historian of Chinese art, Sarah Handler was Curator of the Museum of Classical Chinese Furniture and has taught at the University of California, Los Angeles, University of Illinois, and the University of Michigan.
	www.ucpress.edu /books/pages/8167.html (542 words)

	Courses - Chinese
		Students who have no background in Classical Chinese and are taking 127 to satisfy Chinese major requirements must begin with 125.
		Introduction to the grammatical structure of Chinese, focusing on syntax and semantics.
		Prerequisite: 213 or 223, or consent of instructor.
	language.stanford.edu /courses/chinese/courses.html (677 words)

	Classical Chinese Poetry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The earliest Chinese poetry begins with the Shih Ching, a collection of 305 poems of varying length, drawn from all ranks of Chinese society.
		Chinese culture, influenced by the anonymity of the Shih Ching, had a tendency to think of poems as something written by common humanity for the eyes of other humans.
		In Chinese, this idea is embodied in the terms fu, bi, and xing (pronounced "shing").
	web.cn.edu /kwheeler/chinese_poetry.html (1015 words)

	Classical Chinese Painting
		Chinese painting developed and was classified by theme into three genres: figures, landscapes, and birds-and-flowers.
		During the Ming (1368 - 1644) and Qing (1644 - 1911) Dynasties, innovation was stressed, and delicate seal marks, calligraphy, poems and frames increased the elegance and beauty of the paintings.
		Much skill is required of the Chinese painter, who must wield the soft brush with strength and dexterity to create a wide variety of lines--thick, thin, dense, light, long, short, dry, wet, etc. Depending on his skills, he might specialize in detailed and delicate line drawing (Gongbi) or abstract, impressionistic (Xieyi) paintings.
	www.travelchinaguide.com /intro/arts/chinese-painting.htm (690 words)

	UI Chinese Program -- Course Descriptions
		The purpose of this course is to lay a groundwork for the study of modern Chinese.
		This course is designed for students who have completed two years of college-level training in Chinese to continue to develop their skills of aurally understanding, speaking, reading and writing.
		This course is designed to help students 1) to continue to improve their modern Chinese skills in listening, speaking, reading, and writing, and 2) to develop the skill to read authentic texts related to the students' topics of interests.
	www.uiowa.edu /~chinese/crsdscr.htm (1900 words)

	Classical Chinese Literature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		On the other hand, Chinese Poetry begins with a collection of short, brief poems.
		Its history is one in which the Chinese people strive for political unity under a single emperor, with the small "warring states" gradually devouring each other until only one survives.
		Chinese culture emphasizes the exploits of the nation-state, the values of conformity to tradition, and the duties of filial piety (obedience to the family, respect for one's elders, and the honors due to the spirits of the dead).
	web.cn.edu /kwheeler/resource_lit.chinese.html (254 words)

	Yuan, N., Tang, H., Geiss, J.: Classical Chinese: A Basic Reader in Three Volumes.
		Classical Chinese: A Basic Reader is the most comprehensive and authoritative textbook on the language, literature, philosophy, history, and religion of premodern China.
		These passages, which express key themes in Chinese humor, wit, wisdom, moral conviction, and political ideals, are arranged in the order of complexity of the grammatical patterns they exemplify.
		With Classical Chinese: A Basic Reader, Naiying Yuan, Haitao Tang, and James Geiss provide the definitive new resource for students and instructors of classical Chinese language or culture, one whose impact will be lasting.
	press.princeton.edu /titles/7779.html (581 words)

	Classical Chinese Gardens
		In China, the classical garden is an ancient art form, combining elements of nature with philosophy and poetics.
		There were four important components of a Chinese garden, each interacting with the others and creating a balance.
		The designer of a classical garden had to learn feng shui for siting the garden, architecture, water management, botany, landscape design, and often made a study of historical gardens.
	www.ancientworlds.net /aw/Article/554454 (1051 words)

	Chinese Furniture, Oriental Furniture, Chinese Antique Furniture, Shimu, Leeds, Yorkshire, UK
		Chinese Furniture, Oriental Furniture, Chinese Antique Furniture, Shimu, Leeds, Yorkshire, UK Shimu offers an exclusive range of traditional Chinese furniture and an extensive selection of restored antique furniture sourced from the diverse regions of China.
		Our exclusive range of classical and contemporary Chinese furniture is handcrafted to bring a taste of oriental style into your home.
		Our stunning selection of Chinese cabinets, tables, trunks, chests and oriental screens are based on pieces from China’s Ming Dynasty – the golden age of Chinese furniture – and finished in beautiful, natural elm or fl lacquer.
	www.shimu.co.uk (309 words)

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