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Topic: Corporatism

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	Corporatism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Political scientists may also use the term corporatism to describe a practice whereby an authoritarian state, through the process of licensing and regulating officially-incorporated social, religious, economic, or popular organizations, effectively co-opts their leadership or circumscribes their ability to challenge state authority by establishing the state as the source of their legitimacy.
		Corporatism is a form of class collaboration put forward as an alternative to class conflict, and was first proposed in Pope Leo XIII's 1891 encyclical Rerum Novarum, which influenced Catholic trade unions that organised in the early twentieth century to counter the influence of trade unions founded on a socialist ideology.
		Corporatism or neo-corporatism is often used popularly as a pejorative term in reference to perceived tendencies in politics for legislators and administrations to be influenced or dominated by the interests of business enterprises, employers' organizations, and industry trade groups.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Corporatism (2408 words)

	Corporatism
		Historically, corporatism or corporativism (Italian corporativismo) is a political system in which legislative representation is given to industries and workers' societies.
		Some elements of corporatism can be found still existing today, for example in the ILO Conference or in the Economic and Social Committee of the European Union.
		Today, the word corporatism is most often used to refer to tendencies in politics for legislators and administrations to be influenced or dominated by the interests of corporations rather than citizens.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/co/Corporatism.html (180 words)

	FrontPage magazine.com :: What is American Corporatism? by Robert Locke
		Corporatism blends socialism and capitalism not by giving each control of different parts of the economy, but by combining socialism's promise of a government-guaranteed flow of material goods with capitalism's private ownership and management.
		This is part of an ongoing phenomenon that corporatism helps to drive: the erosion of the determination of political preferences by the ownership of property.
		Corporatized medicine will mean nominally private health plans for the employed that are so heavily regulated in what they can charge and what they must provide that they might as well be run by government.
	www.frontpagemag.com /Articles/ReadArticle.asp?ID=3054 (3104 words)

	xrefer - Corporatism
		Corporatism may be contrasted with decision-making via the market, in which individuals who make their own private market choices collectively and cumulatively shape society.
		Sociologists disagree whether corporatism represents an attempt by the state to incorporate and pacify militant trade unionism at the cost of employees' interests, or whether it marks the successful use of workers' power to constrain business and the state.
		Where corporatism survived through the 1980s, employees' interests were in fact better protected than where market forces were allowed to dominate economic life, with lower rates of both unemployment and inflation.
	www.cla.wayne.edu /polisci/kdk/westeurope/sources/corporatism.htm (411 words)

	The Economic System of Corporatism
		Thus corporatism was formulated as a system that emphasized the postive role of the state in guaranteeing social justice and suppressing the moral and social chaos of the population pursuing their own individual self-interests.
		Corporatism has sometimes been labeled as a Third Way or a mixed economy, a synthesis of capitalism and socialism, but it is in fact a separate, distinctive political economic system.
		Corporatism is collectivist; it is a different version of collectivism than socialism but it is definitely collectivists.
	www2.sjsu.edu /faculty/watkins/corporatism.htm (985 words)

	Corporatism - Article from FactBug.org - the fast Wikipedia mirror site
		Historically, corporatism or corporativism (Italian corporativismo) is a political system in which legislative power is given to corporations that represent economic, industrial and professional groups.
		Some elements of corporatism still exist today, for example in the ILO Conference or in the Economic and Social Committee of the European Union, the collective agreement arrangements of the Scandinavian countries, or the Republic of Ireland's system of Social Partnership.
		Corporatism also describes aspects of the political institutions and philosophy of European states like Austria, Sweden, or West Germany, in the postwar era.
	www.factbug.org /cgi-bin/a.cgi?a=7769 (1374 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Corporatism & Neo-Corporatism: Assumptions Sovereignty and Interventionism There are three assumptions shared by virtually all theories and definitions of corporatism (including neo-corporatism) that are critical to this research; the corporatist state possesses relatively absolute internal sovereignty, the state is decidedly interventionist in society, and the state has identifiable external sovereignty.
		Corporatism requires a highly interventionist state that is able to tax, spend, subsidize, protect, provide, sustain a significant welfare state and achieve the goals of pursuing a national economic, social and political interest.
		Corporatism and neo-corporatism were often adopted as specific strategies to address economic and social crises of the state and its ability to defend the national interest in the international system.
	web.uvic.ca /ecsac/toronto/papers/on/line/pdf/2A-padams.doc (7356 words)

	How fear of Corporatism sabotaged Socialism
		Tribune's discovery of Corporatism as the prevailing form of socio-political life in Britain - or of the imminent danger of Corporatism becoming dominant, because it was not clear which was being said - was therefore a matter of significance for the British labour movement.
		And it is ideological and economic absurdity to speak of "corporatism of the kind that Mussolini and Stalin imposed".
		And the socialist criticism of Corporatism was that by compelling capital and labour to organise in the same body it did not reconcile their interests, but suppressed the labour interest.
	members.aol.com /BevinSoc/L6Corp.htm (3263 words)

	Corporatism
		Corporatism was originally a 19th-century doctrine which arose in reaction to the competition and class conflict of capitalist society.
		In opposition to the trend towards both mass suffrage and independent trade unionism, it promoted a form of functional representation - everyone would be organized into vocational or industrial associations integrated with the state through representation and administration.
		In all these cases, corporatist structures were primarily a decorative façade for authoritarian rule, state repression of independent trade unionism being the main motive and consequence.
	www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com /index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0001939 (427 words)

	FrontPage magazine.com :: Conservativism Under Corporatism by Robert Locke
		Some of the smarter leftists have started to grasp the emergence of corporatism, only of course from their point of view they view it as a threat to socialism.
		If corporatism is going to be in effect, then we should at least have the brains to use it to serve our own people.
		Corporatism is clearly going to be with us for a long time.
	www.frontpagemag.com /Articles/ReadArticle.asp?ID=3539 (1681 words)

	corporatism
		This conservative corporatism was taken up by that brand of ultra-conservatives that we call fascists - first of all, in the birthplace of fascism, Italy.
		Forms of corporatism have also been employed in much milder forms - forms not strictly meriting the label "corporatist" - in liberal democracies.
		So under this "syndicalism", workers' unions are represented at a state level, whereas fascist corporatism was a totalitarian system where the traffic was primarily one-way - with the fascist corporations being the party representatives at an industrial level.
	www.geocities.com /CapitolHill/Lobby/6524/politics/corporatism.html (807 words)

	War Corporatism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		War Corporatism is the belief that a country engaged in warfare for a considerable period creates a corporate reliance upon war.
		War corporatism implies that companies who reap the benefits of war will constantly fight to keep the economy on a war footing in order to continue to profit and balance the economics of society as a whole.
		People critical of the US arms industry claim that the United States has become a prime example of war corporatism as it has been involved in near-constant warfare in some part of the globe since 1950, and point to the close ties of the political and industrial elites in the US.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/War_Corporatism (228 words)

	University Press of Florida: Authoritarianism and Corporatism in Latin America--Revisited
		Though 19 of the 20 countries (all except Cuba) are at least formally democratic, these scholars maintain that corporatism and authoritarianism--whether disguised or submerged--are both alive and functioning, and that they exist alongside and overlap with democratic institutions.
		Deeply ingrained within Latin American culture and social structure, corporatism and authoritarianism are practiced today in public bureaucracy, labor relations, a variety of public policy programs, the laws and legal systems, and by such regimes and leaders as Alberto Fujimori of Peru, Hugh Chávez of Venezuela, and Vicente Fox of Mexico.
		The writers are particularly intrigued by the continuing practice of corporatism in numerous nongovernmental activities, in new public-private partnerships, and at local levels.
	www.upf.com /book.asp?id=WIARDS03 (546 words)

	WorldNetDaily: Flirting with fascism
		Even this term is imperfect, as it is not uncommon to confuse corporatism for capitalism.
		Corporatism represents a constant and growing government interference with the capitalist operation of the free market, usually at the behest of the established players.
		This is only one of many ways in which corporatism sacrifices the interests of individuals for the benefit of both corporations and the government.
	www.worldnetdaily.com /news/printer-friendly.asp?ARTICLE_ID=47002 (714 words)

	What is American Corporatism? : SF Indymedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Unlike socialism, corporatism understands that direct government ownership of the means of production does not work, except in the limiting case of infrastructure.1 But it does not represent a half-way condition between capitalism and socialism.
		Bribes-if-you-do are a much less disruptive means of manipulating behavior than sanctions-if-you-don't, and corporatism hates disruption and loves business as usual.4 One way to interpret corporatism is as a systematic way for government to distribute bribes for submission to its authority.
		But they are also ambivalent about it in theory, because it contradicts many of their cherished ideological beliefs.6 At the level of ideological self-characterization, neither side has fully grasped what corporatism is nor can quite bring itself to admit that it endorses it.
	sf.indymedia.org /print.php?id=153082 (3194 words)

	Commentary: Corporatism Redux: Latin America, the Left, and the Church’s Challenge
		Corporatism (or Command Capitalism) is the Right at its worst.....it is also a term prefered by conservatives who want to deflect attention away from the fact that it too is a system of privately owned businesses....in fact today the term Command Capitalism is frequently used by economists to describe the economic system.....
		More than a few people think that the "corporatism" of, for example Fascist Italy, showed that Fascism was a right-wing phenomenon, aimed at increasing the power of the corporations.
		Corporatism was the form of political society and economy that took shape (to greater and lesser extents) in Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, Franco's Spain, and Peron's Argentina.
	www.acton.org /ppolicy/comment/article.php?article=323 (1439 words)

	Capitalism is not corporatism
		Corporatism, on the other hand, is the idea that society and the government should be led or influenced by corporations.
		Since corporatism is often decried as being against individual freedom, it is hard to understand why they have been confused.
		Now, corporatism may have its flaws, but the objection might be raised that some bad sides of corporatism also apply to capitalism.
	www.objectivethought.com /libertarian/main/corporatism.html (1329 words)

	Corporatism, liberalism and the accounting profession in Portugal since 1755 Accounting Historians Journal, The - Find ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Five developmental periods since 1755 are identified: (i) Corporatist Absolute Monarchy (1755-1820) (ii) Liberal Monarchy (1820-1890) (iii) Waning Liberalism and Rising Corporatism (1891-1926) (iv) Corporatist Dictatorship (1926-1974) and (v) Emerging Liberal Democracy and Neocorporatism (1974 until the present).
		These episodes are associated with Portugal's pervading social, economic and political context and are dichotomised broadly as either "corporatist" or "liberal".
		Relationships between episodes of regulation and periods of "corporatism" are highlighted, together with associations between episodes of de-regulation and periods of "liberalism".
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3657/is_200306/ai_n9301506 (861 words)

	The Public Eye : Website of Political Research Associates
		It is generally attrributed to an article written by Mussolini in the 1932 Enciclopedia Italiana with the assistance of Giovanni Gentile, the editor.
		It is unlikely that Mussolini ever made this statement because it contradicts most of the other writing he did on the subject of corporatism and corporations.
		He was writing about a form of vertical syndicalist corporatism based on early guilds.
	www.publiceye.org /fascist/corporatism.html (622 words)

	Corporatism and Socialism in America by Anthony Gregory
		Indeed, corporatism, implemented by the state –; whether through direct handouts, corporate bailouts, eminent domain, licensing laws, antitrust regulations, or environmental edicts – inflicts great harm on the modern American economy.
		We should recognize that state corporatism is a form of socialism, and it is nearly inevitable in a mixed economy that the introduction of more socialism will cartelize industry and consolidate wealth in the hands of the few.
		What is more often neglected is that the history of the American domestic welfare and regulatory state also corresponds closely to the rise of corporatism.
	www.lewrockwell.com /gregory/gregory64.html (1150 words)

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