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Topic: Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit

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	Gabriel Fahrenheit - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (born May 24, 1686, Danzig (Gdańsk); died September 16, 1736, The Hague, Netherlands), was a German physicist and an engineer, who most of his life worked in Netherlands and for whom the Fahrenheit scale of temperature is named.
		Fahrenheit was born in to a German family in Danzig in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (then province of Royal Prussia), where the Fahrenheits moved in 1650.
		The Fahrenheit scale was widely used in Europe until a switch to the Celsius scale.
	www.bonneylake.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Gabriel_Fahrenheit (327 words)

	Fahrenheit - FreeEncyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The degree Fahrenheit is a unit of temperature named for the German physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit, who proposed it in 1724.
		Hence a degree Fahrenheit is 5/9ths of a Kelvin or degree Celsius.
		Fahrenheit established zero degrees as the temperature at which an equal mixture of ice and salt melts (some say he took that fixed mixture of ice and salt that produced the lowest temperature); and ninety-six degrees as the temperature of a healthy human body.
	openproxy.ath.cx /fa/Fahrenheit.html (288 words)

	Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Fahrenheit spent most of his life in the Netherlands, where he devoted himself to the study of physics and the manufacture of precision meteorological instruments.
		Fahrenheit temperature scale, scale based on 32 degree for the freezing point of water and 212 degree for the boiling point of water, the interval between the two being divided into 180 parts.
		Until the 1970s the Fahrenheit scale was in general common use in the English-speaking countries; the Celsius, or centigrade, scale was employed in most other countries and for scientific purposes worldwide.
	chem.oswego.edu /chem209/Misc/fahrenheit.htm (213 words)

	Essays Page
		The Fahrenheit scale—as his innovation came to be called—enabled scientists in different locations to compare temperatures for the first time since the invention of the thermometer.
		Fahrenheit returned to Amsterdam in 1717; there he continued his career as an instrument maker and began the work that would be his legacy—the thermometric scale that would later bear his name.
		Fahrenheit selected the temperature at which a mixture of water and salt melted as the lower of these two fiducial points (this was, in fact, the lowest temperature he could obtain).
	www.fofweb.com /Subscription/Science/Helicon.asp?SID=2&iPin=eworldsci0112 (533 words)

	Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit - Wikipedia
		Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit, oder Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit (* 24.
		Dadurch war Fahrenheit gezwungen, eine Kaufmannslehrstelle in Amsterdam anzunehmen.
		Fahrenheit konstruierte außerdem ein Aräometer, ein Pyknometer und ein Hypsobarometer.
	de.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gabriel_Daniel_Fahrenheit (162 words)

	FAHRENHEIT - Definition
		[G.] Conforming to the scale used by Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit in the graduation of his thermometer; of or relating to Fahrenheit's thermometric scale.
		Note: The Fahrenheit thermometer is so graduated that the freezing point of water is at 32 degrees above the zero of its scale, and the boiling point at 212 degrees above.
		Fahrenheit is a scale for measuring temperature, usually abbreviated as F. The freezing point of water is 32° F, and boiling point of water is 212° F. The normal oral temperature is 97.3° to 98.8° F. The rectal temperature is about 1 F higher than the oral temperature.
	www.hyperdictionary.com /dictionary/Fahrenheit (182 words)

	Encyclopedia: Gabriel Fahrenheit
		Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (born May 24, 1686, GdaÅsk; died September 16, 1736, The Hague, Netherlands), was a Polish physicist and an engineer born in German speaking family, who worked for most of his life in the Netherlands.
		Fahrenheit was born to a German family in GdaÅsk (Danzig) in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (province: Royal Prussia), where the Fahrenheits moved in 1650.
		Daniel was the oldest of the five Fahrenheit children who survived childhood (two sons, three daughters).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Gabriel-Fahrenheit (947 words)

	A Brief History of Temperature Measurement (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit was a German scientist that was known for the creation of the alcohol thermometer and the mercury thermometer.
		Fahrenheit created a temperature scale for his mercury thermometer, with this scale, he determined that the body temperature of the human blood was ninety six degrees.
		Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit died at the age of fifty in Hague on September 16,1736.
	www.temp-scales.com /fahrenheit.html (275 words)

	What Marilyn omitted about the Fahrenheit Thermometer
		While it appears that Fahrenheit used the same lower calibration point as that of Roemer, it is clear (from a letter written by Fahrenheit to Boerhaave in 1729 and rediscovered in 1936) that Fahrenheit used Roemer's 22.5 deg ("normal body temperature") as the upper point.
		Fahrenheit's scale is fixed by the known simple constant temperature baths at the time which were that of melting water-ice in a saturated aqueous salt solution and that of melting water-ice in pure water.
		Fahrenheit changed the value of freezing water from 30 to 32 degrees to achieve the more attractive scale of 180 degrees between the melting point of water and that of boiling water.
	energy.bradley.edu /ME301/fahrenheit.html (983 words)

	A Brief History of Temperature Measurement
		Fahrenheit invented the mercury thermometer in 1714, and later discovered the effect of pressure on the boiling point of liquids.
		Fahrenheit sought to create a practical temperature scale in which 0 corresponded with the coldest temperature normally encountered in Western Europe and 100 corresponded to the hottest temperature.
		Fahrenheit initially created a temperature scale in which 0 represented the temperature of a salt and ice mixture (at about 255 K), 30 represented the freezing point of water (273.15 K), and 90 representing the mean human body temperature (about 310 K).
	home.comcast.net /~igpl/Temperature.html (637 words)

	BBC - History - Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686 - 1736) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In 1695 Guillaume Amontons improved the gas thermometer by using mercury in a closed column, and in 1701 Olaus Roemer devised the alcohol thermometer and developed a scale with boiling water at 60° and an ice/salt mixture at 0°.
		In order to reflect his greater sensitivity, Fahrenheit expanded Roemer's scale using body temperature (90°F) and ice/salt (0°F) as fixed reference points, with the freezing point of water awarded a value of 30° (later revised to 32°).
		Using his thermometer, Fahrenheit was able to determine the boiling points of liquids and show that liquids other than water also had fixed boiling points that varied with atmospheric pressure.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/historic_figures/fahrenheit_daniel_gabriel.shtml (295 words)

	Fahrenheit Gabriel Daniel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Fahrenheit's first thermometers contained a column of alcohol which expanded and contracted directly, as originally devised by Danish astronomer Ole Römer in 1701.
		Fahrenheit substituted mercury for alcohol because its rate of expansion, although less than that of alcohol, is more constant.
		Fahrenheit later adjusted the scale to ignore body temperature as a fixed point so that the boiling point of water came to 212° and freezing point was 32°.
	www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/F/Fahrenheit/1.html (206 words)

	Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit: Biography of Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In 1720, it occurred to Fahrenheit to use quicksilver instead of spirits of wine in the construction of thermometers.
		By this substitution, the accuracy of the instrument was greatly enhanced.
		In 1724 Fahrenheit was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of London, and in the "Philosophical Transactions" of that year, there appeared several papers from his pen.
	www.sacklunch.net /biography/F/GabrielDanielFahrenheit.html (76 words)

	Fahrenheit temperature scale
		Fahrenheit’s successors used the boiling point of water to calibrate their thermometers, which they set at 212 degrees in order to retain the size of Fahrenheit's degree.
		Fahrenheit himself did make thermometers that could read as high as 600°F, but the largest market was for thermometers for weather observations, and on these the part of the thermometer from 130°F to 212°F would be wasted.
		The Fahrenheit scale of temperature remains in use in the United States, but it is now defined in terms of the Kelvin scale.
	www.sizes.com /units/temperature_Fahrenheit.htm (1096 words)

	Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit - Metaweb (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit, also called Gabriel Fahrenheit (May 24, 1686 - September 16, 1736), was a physicist and an engineer, who most of his life worked in Netherlands and for whom the Fahrenheit scale of temperature is named.
		He was the son of businessman Daniel Fahrenheit and Concordia Fahrenheit (widowed name Runge), who was the daughter of the well-known Gdansk business family Schumann.
		The thermometer was used by the originators of the Fahrenheit and Celsius temperature scales.
	www.metaweb.com /wiki/wiki.phtml?title=Daniel_Gabriel_Fahrenheit (739 words)

	Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit Biography / Biography of Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit Biography Biography
		Born in Danzig on May 14, 1686, Gabriel Fahrenheit was the son of a well-to-do merchant.
		Fahrenheit also discovered the phenomenon of supercooling of water, that is, cooling water to below its normal freezing point without converting it to ice.
		Taking all of these factors into consideration, Fahrenheit was led to doubt the reliability of the freezing and boiling points of water and finally settled on a temperature scale ranging from 0 to 212.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-gabriel-daniel-fahrenheit/index.html (463 words)

	Temperature Scales (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Fahrenheit temperature scale is a scale based on 32 for the freezing point of water and 212 for the boiling point of water, the interval between the two being divided into 180 parts.
		Until the 1970s the Fahrenheit temperature scale was in general common use in English-speaking countries; the Celsius, or centigrade, scale was employed in most other countries and for scientific purposes worldwide.
		The conversion formula for a temperature that is expressed on the Celsius (C) scale to its Fahrenheit (F) representation is: F = 9/5C + 32.
	abyss.uoregon.edu /~js/glossary/temperature_scale.html (378 words)

	Gabriel Fahrenheit -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Research suggests that the Fahrenheit family originated in (Click link for more info and facts about Hildesheim) Hildesheim, although they lived in (A city in northeastern Germany near the Baltic sea; an important member of the Hanseatic League in the 14th century) Rostock before moving to Königsberg
		The Fahrenheit scale was widely used in Europe until a switch to the (Swedish astronomer who devised the centigrade thermometer (1701-1744)) Celsius scale.
		When he first made his thermometers, he used (A liquor or brew containing alcohol as the active agent) alcohol instead of (A heavy silvery toxic univalent and bivalent metallic element; the only metal that is liquid at ordinary temperatures) mercury.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/g/ga/gabriel_fahrenheit.htm (264 words)

	September 16th
		Fahrenheit was a native of Danzig, who, having failed in business as a merchant, and having a turn for mechanics and chemistry—possibly, that was what made him fail as a merchant—was fain to take to the making of thermometers for his bread.
		The basis of the plan of Fahrenheit's instrument, was to mark on the tube the two points at which, respectively, water is congealed and boiled, and to graduate the space between.
		The Royal Society gladly received from Fahrenheit accounts of his experiments, the value of which it acknowledged by making him one of its members (a fact over-looked in all his biographies); and in 1724, the published a distinct treatise on the subject.
	www.thebookofdays.com /months/sept/16.htm (1355 words)

	AllRefer.com - Fahrenheit temperature scale (Physics) - Encyclopedia
		Fahrenheit temperature scale[fAr´unhIt´´] Pronunciation Key, temperature scale in which the temperature difference between two reference temperatures, the melting and boiling points of water, is divided into 180 equal intervals called degrees.
		Although the Fahrenheit scale was formerly used widely in English-speaking countries, many of these countries began changing to the more convenient Celsius temperature scale in the late 1960s and early 1970s; a notable exception is the United States, where the Fahrenheit scale is still in common use together with other English units of measurement.
		Temperatures on the Fahrenheit scale can be converted to equivalent temperatures on the Celsius scale by first subtracting 32° from the Fahrenheit temperature, then multiplying the result by 5/9, according to the formula (F-32) 5/9 =C.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/F/Fahrenhe.html (280 words)

	Convert from Celsius to Fahrenheit! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit was a German-born scientist who invented the mercury thermometer.
		He found that the coldest temperature he could create was 0 degrees Fahrenheit by making a mixture of ice and salt.
		On the Fahrenheit scale, 32 degrees is the freexing point of water and 212 degrees is the boiling point of water.
	www.students.stedwards.edu /~apedrot/calc.html (178 words)

	Today in Technology History - May 24
		On May 24, 1686, Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit was born in the city of Danzig (now Gdansk, Poland).
		Fahrenheit moved to Amsterdam at age 15, where he became a builder of precision scientific instruments.
		Although there were 30 competing systems of temperature gradation, Fahrenheit's became enormously popular because of the precision and trustworthiness of his thermometers.
	www.tecsoc.org /pubs/history/2001/may24.htm (273 words)

	The Straight Dope: On the Fahrenheit scale, do 0 and 100 have any special significance? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		On the Fahrenheit scale, however, freezing is 32 degrees and boiling 212.
		Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736) was a German instrument maker who invented the first practical mercury thermometer.
		Later Fahrenheit established that the boiling point of water came in at 212 degrees.
	www.straightdope.com /classics/a4_188.html (600 words)

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