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Topic: Electricity retailing

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	Electricity generation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Electricity generation is the first process in the delivery of electricity to consumers.
		The importance of dependable electricity generation, transmission and distribution was revealed when it became apparent that electricity was useful for providing heat, light and power for human activities.
		Electricity reform around the world is de-coupling electricity generation from the regulated monopoly elements of transmission and electricity distribution; see electricity market.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Electricity_generation (883 words)

	Electricity retailing - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Electricity retailing is the final process in the delivery of electric power from generation to the consumer.
		Electricity retailing began at the end of the 19th century when the bodies who generated electricity for their own use made supply available to third parties.
		Electricity retailing in the period from approximately 1890 to 1990 consisted of managing the connection, disconnection and billing of electricity consumers by the local monopoly supplier.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Electricity_retailing (612 words)

	Electricity generation Information - TextSheet.com
		Electricity generation is the first process in the delivery of electricity to electricity consumers.
		Dependable electricity generation, transmission and distribution became important when it became apparent that electricity was useful for providing heat light and power for human activities.
		Co-generation plants combine the generation of electricity and heat using solar power, fossil fuels, syngas, biomass, or biogas as a fuel source.
	www.medbuster.com /encyclopedia/e/el/electricity_generation.html (721 words)

	Electric power (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Electric power, often known as power or electricity, involves the production and delivery of electrical energy in sufficient quantities to operate domestic appliances, office equipment, industrialmachinery and provide sufficient energy for both domestic and commercial lighting, heating, cooking and industrial processes.
		Although electricity had been known to be produced as a result of the chemical reactions that take place in an electrolyticcell since Alessandro Volta reported doing so in 1800, its production by this means was, and still is, expensive.
		In some countries, wholesale electricity markets operate, with generators and retailers trading electricity in a similar manner to shares and currency.
	www.therfcc.org /electric-power-10438.html (648 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Electricity retailers are required to inform consumers of both the contract rate and the new pricing an eligible consumer would pay without a contract.
		Check the contract you have signed with the original retailer as it is a legally binding agreement and there may be penalties associated with cancelling prior to the end-date specified in the contract.
		Electricity retailers must be licensed by the Ontario Energy Board and must follow a code of conduct set out by the Board.
	www.oeb.gov.on.ca /html/en/communications/fs_electricityretailing.htm (1831 words)

	Kids.net.au - Encyclopedia Electricity generation - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Wind generators use wind to turn turbines that are hooked up to a generator.
		Heated steam turns a turbine, and then excess heat is distributed through a district energy system[?] for space heating in buildings, industrial processes or green house heat.
		Electricity reform around the world is de-coupling electricity generation from the regulated natural monopoly elements of transmission and electricity distribution (see for example New Zealand Electricity Market).
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/el/Electricity_generation (728 words)

	Electricity Industry Restructuring: The State of Play (Research Paper 14 1997-98)
		Each of the states has restructured their electricity authorities since the early 1990s and although they are all at different stages in the restructuring process, the thrust of the process has involved the separation of single entity vertically integrated monopolistic authorities into electricity generation, transmission, distribution and retailing components.
		Generators and retailers now trade electricity in a competitive wholesale market (NEM1) as contestability (the right of the electricity consumer to choose their electricity retailer) is phased in over time, while transmitters and distributors charge regulated tariffs for transporting the electricity to customers.
		Electricity prices (Australian averages) have declined appreciably over the period 1992 to 1997 during the period of the implementation of electricity restructuring and the development of the NEM from May 1994.
	www.aph.gov.au /library/pubs/rp/1997-98/98rp14.htm (9929 words)

	[No title]
		Southpower Southpower’s first attempt to sell its retail business, after it became clear the electricity reforms were inevitable, was to sell it to a company which would be the country’s biggest energy retailer, and which would still be local government controlled.
		The Institute warned that any falls in retail electricity prices would not impact greatly on the cost of living, so the main benefits may instead be in standards of service, and flexibility in billing options and methods.
		The purchase by the generators of retail market share must therefore be seen both as a means to speed the privatisation of the electricity market and to discredit the remaining state-owned generators to provide an excuse for their privatisation.
	canterbury.cyberplace.org.nz /community/CAFCA/publications/Electricity/PowerFrenzy.doc (5416 words)

	Western Power : Deregulation - Frequently Asked Questions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Depending on your current electricity meter(s) your new retailer may have to arrange for be new meter to be installed.
		Your retailer is responsible for billing you for your consumption of electricity at your premises.
		All retailers are required to have complaint resolution procedures in place, and in the first instance, you should contact your retailer if you have a complaint.
	westernpower.com.au /business/contestability/deregulation_faqs.html (1886 words)

	Issues Arising at Ministry's Forum on Amendments to the Electricity (Information Disclosure) Regulations
		Where incumbent companies entered into conveyance agreements with competing retailers, the implication of allocating the majority of customer service and billing activities to the electricity retailing business is that it would be the incumbent's electricity retailing business, rather than its line business, which would bill final customers for line charges.
		In addition, line and electricity retailing businesses which are part of the same company can be expected to have identical incentives, and allocation to the line business would not therefore remove concerns about access to meters.
		electricity retailers would collect line charges on behalf of the line business (that is, act as an agent for the line business) in which case final customers would be line charge trade debtors in the line business's accounts.
	www.med.govt.nz /ers/inf_disc/forum012.html (5910 words)

	List of Amendments to Electricity (Information Disclosure) Regulations and ODV Handbook
		As some electricity retailing customers are currently not contestable (for example, domestic customers), companies also have potential to overcharge their electricity retailing customers.
		Regulation 22 currently requires electricity distributors or retailers which invoice consumers for line charges to publicly disclose information about the line charges in place at the close of each financial year and whenever they are changed.
		Purchases of electricity from electricity generators who are in prescribed business relationships with the line owner and the total cost of electricity generated by the line owner and supplied by that line owner in carrying out electricity retailing (transfer payment)
	www.med.govt.nz /ers/inf_disc/list242.html (5348 words)

	Electricity retailing - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Electricity retailing is the final process in the delivery of electricity from generation to the consumer.
		Customers are usually charged a monthly service fee and additional charges based on the energy (in kWh) consumed by the household or business during the month.
		In many countries, the electricity market was deregulated
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /electricity_retailing.htm (628 words)

	petrolpump.co.in : energy sources, Electric power
		Electric power, often known as power or electricity, involves the production and delivery of electrical energy in sufficient quantities to operate domestic appliances, office equipment, industrial machinery and provide sufficient energy for both domestic and commercial lighting, heating, cooking and industrial processes.
		Although electricity had been known to be produced as a result of the chemical reactions that take place in an electrolytic cell since Alessandro Volta developed the voltaic pile in 1800, its production by this means was, and still is, expensive.
		Then, in a deal with General Electric, which Edison had been forced to sell, Westinghouse's company went on to construct a power station at the Niagara Falls, with three 5,000 horsepower Tesla generators supplying electricity to an aluminium smelter at Niagara and the town of Buffalo 22 miles (35 km) away.
	www.petrolpump.co.in /energy-sources/electric-power.htm (738 words)

	HB 1217 establish growth-based renewable energy standards...
		Each electric utility shall conduct its operations so that the utility obtains an amount of electricity derived from renewable energy resources that is equal to at least fifty percent of new electricity sold by the utility as provided in this section.
		The baseline upon which an electric utility's new energy use is determined is the average annual kilowatt hours sold by the utility during the years 2003, 2004, and 2005.
		To the extent that the ability of an electric utility to acquire electricity derived from renewable energy resources is limited by a requirements contract with a wholesale electric supplier, the electric utility shall acquire the maximum amount allowed by the contract.
	legis.state.sd.us /sessions/2005/bills/HB1217p.htm (732 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The retailing of electric power by new-entry suppliers is to be monitored three years after the implementation.
		However, if a similar case happens to, say, Hokuriku Electric Power, whose generation scale is one tenth of that of Tokyo Electric Power, a loss of electric power source matching the volume one small-size atomic power generator can produce would have caused a situation that might have shaken the management base of the company.
		General Sekiyu's case has raised a question: "Is it necessary to liberalize the retailing of electricity at the cost of a possible stoppage of electric power?" What makes the issue more complex is that the withdrawal of General Sekiyu has raised a question of whether it was a simply environmental problem.
	www.usc.edu /isd/archives/dsjp/summaries/1999/April/Sm990414.doc (2854 words)

	University of Wisconsin Center for Cooperatives Discussion Paper No 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Three existing electricity co-operatives in Victoria are noted, and the prospects for the further development of a co-operative sector in electricity are assessed.
		Electricity users who consume loads greater than 1000MWh per year are already able to shop around for their power needs.
		A purchasing co-operative would be able to negotiate with retailers, distribution companies and generation units for the supply of power to their members.
	www.wisc.edu /uwcc/info/i_pages/elech.html (2838 words)

	Retailing Report
		According to MacDonald, the retailing of residential electricity, a concept embraced within the broader deregulation of the industry, is increasingly the subject of acrimonious and politically heated debate.
		While retail electricity has not received as much recent regulatory scrutiny as regional transmission, standard market design, market power mitigation and management of the spot market, it has continued to be front-page news in many jurisdictions.
		A question of importance to those working in the retail side of the electricity business is whether, in fact, the benefits of deregulation will be there for residential customers.
	www.caem.org /website/pages/retailing.htm (668 words)

	Electricity Reform Abroad and U.S. Investment, Chapter 3 Endnotes
		Electricity generation is fueled mainly by coal in all the states of Australia except in Tasmania.
		The national electricity grid is the combination of all the electricity poles, wires and cables within the southern and eastern states of Australia-- New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Queensland, Tasmania, in addition to the Australian Capital Territory.
		The first phase of the national electricity market was expected to begin in 1995 and was later rescheduled to 1996.
	www.eia.doe.gov /emeu/pgem/electric/ench3.html (1680 words)

	CommentWire by Datamonitor - UK utilities: beware of multi-tasking (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Electric utilities should proceed with caution given that there is no evidence of any great synergy between UK gas and electricity distribution and avoid the trap of diversification for its own sake.
		There could be several answers: the desire to diversify, the perception that gas distribution has been given an easier regulatory ride than electricity distribution, or the convergence of gas and electricity retailing.
		It may be possible for a multi-utility distribution operator to improve on this performance, but this strategy brings a significant risk to the relatively safe world of UK regulated network assets.
	www.commentwire.com /commwire_story.asp?commentwire_ID=5347 (450 words)

	Retail Choice
		The winds of change began to blow through the New Zealand electricity sector in 1987, when the generation and transmission department of the national government was corporatised.
		Dunedin Electricity and United Electricity presented Government with a blueprint for retail competition.
		NZ's largest electricity retailer National Gas Corporation (which had purchased the electricity retail business when Canada's Trans Alta quit New Zealand, had recently re-branded itself OnEnergy [sic] to escape the bad reputation its service had given the Trans Alta brand, and which had comparatively negligible generation and was inadequately hedged) attempted to raise retail prices.
	www.electricity.co.nz /choice.htm (1152 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The amount of power used by the domestic consumer, and thus the amount charged, is measured through an electric meter that is usually placed near the input of a home to provide easy access to the meter reader.
		Customers are usually charged a monthly service fee and additional charges accrue to the number of kWh (kilowatt hours) that are consumed by the household or business during the month.
		Commercial and industrial consumers normally have more complex pricing schemes and meters that measure the enegy usage in time intervals to impose demand charges.
	www.informationgenius.com /encyclopedia/e/el/electricity_retailing.html (559 words)

	Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections - Japan to map out guidelines on electricity retailing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The ministry decided to map out the guidelines jointly with the Fair Trade Commission as there have been some cases in which electric utilities apparently blocked new entrants into the industry after the government partially liberalized electricity retailing in March 2000, the officials said.
		The guidelines will clarify rules in cases where an electric utility and a newcomer jointly supply electricity to the same user, in order to prevent disputes between the two parties.
		The guidelines will also make it clear that electric utilities will be violating the Antimonopoly Law if they demand unfairly high compensation from users for breaking contracts to sign up with new entrants.
	www.gasandoil.com /goc/news/nts21261.htm (200 words)

	Introducing DE
		This exceptional performance of Dunedin Electricity and of other separated "line businesses" resulted in a decision by central government in mid-1998 that all line businesses should be separated from energy activities.
		In early 1999 DE purchased the electricity distribution assets supplying the area of Central Otago and in 2003 DE was renamed Aurora Energy Ltd.
		Aurora's distribution network receives electricity from five Transpower points of supply from the national transmission system and six points of supply from local power generation and delivers it to 75,000 consumer premises.
	www.electricity.co.nz /profile.htm (1016 words)

	Branding Electrons - American Marketing Association - www.marketingpower.com
		Electricity retailing is often seen as a scrappy commodity business trading only on price.
		Electricity retailers need to understand the preferences of their potential customers.
		But electricity retailers must craft their brand offerings for each national market.
	www.marketingpower.com /content17915.php (682 words)

	Electricity generation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Whole communities can benefit from heat distributed through a.
		The ability to achieve using fossil fuels or solar energy to generate heat, electricity and evaporative cooling exists.
		This page was last modified 15:07, 9 Jun 2005.
	www.pineville.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Electricity_generation (913 words)

	Direct Energy gets approval for Alberta gas and electricity retail business (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The $128-million sale of Atco Group's natural gas and electricity retailing businesses received approved Friday, nearly a full year after the deal with Direct Energy was first announced.
		The regulator's approval of the transfer of assets to Direct Energy is a step closer to the end of a long chapter for Calgary-based energy conglomerate Atco.
		Although the sale was announced last December, Atco actually put its retail businesses on the block back in the spring of 2001.
	www.electricityforum.com /news/dec03/directenergy.html (584 words)

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