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	Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT): Treating severe depression and mental illness - MayoClinic.com
		Electroconvulsive therapy is different today, although it still does pose a risk of side effects and complications, such as memory loss and confusion.
		Electroconvulsive therapy is a procedure in which electrical currents are passed through the brain to trigger a seizure.
		Electroconvulsive therapy can be unilateral, in which only one side of the brain is subject to electricity, or bilateral, in which both sides of the brain receive electrical currents.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/electroconvulsive-therapy/MH00022 (1907 words)

	Electroconvulsive therapy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a controversial psychiatric shock therapy involving the induction of a seizure in a patient by passing electricity through the brain.
		While many psychiatrists believe that properly administered ECT is a safe and effective treatment for some conditions, a vocal minority of psychiatrists, former patients, antipsychiatry activists, and others strongly criticize the procedure as extremely harmful to patients' subsequent mental state.
		ECT was introduced as a treatment for schizophrenia in the 1930s, and soon became a common treatment for mood disorders.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Electroconvulsive_therapy (5240 words)

	Electroconvulsive Therapy Benefits and Side Effects
		When electroconvulsive therapy was given without tranquillization, the incidence and severity of post-operative agitation and of side effects were significantly greater in those patients with a high level of anxiety before treatment.
		Electroconvulsive treatment (ECT) was therapeutically ineffective in 27 (20%) of 136 depressed patients.
		Electroconvulsive therapy combined with pharmacotherapy is found to be safe and effective with non-enduring subjective memory difficulty for the drug treatment resistant group of psychotic patients.
	www.zhion.com /Device/Electroconvulsive_Therap.html (2307 words)

	Electroconvulsive Therapy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Electroconvulsive therapy is a form of treatment for certain psychological disorders.
		Electroconvulsive therapy is a form of treatment for certain pyschological disorders.
		Treatment with electroconvulsive therapy involves the use of controlled electrical impulses to deliberately stimulate seizure activity in the brain.
	tjsamson.client.web-health.com /web-health/topics/GeneralHealth/generalhealthsub/generalhealth/psychological/electro_convuls_ther.html (259 words)

	Canadian Psychiatric Association - Position Papers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		As such, the decision to use ECT in the treatment of an individual patient is a medical one, based on the psychiatrist's assessment of the patient's illness, an evaluation of the merits of ECT versus alternative treatments and involves the process of informed consent.
		While ECT was originally developed for the treatment of schizophrenia, it was not long after its introduction that it became widely recognized that the best results were obtained in patients with major mood disorders, not those with schizophrenia.
		The decision to use ECT in the treatment of an individual patient is based on the consideration of a number of factors in addition to diagnosis.
	www.cpa-apc.org /Publications/Position_Papers/Therapy.asp (5441 words)

	Treatment of catatonic stupor with combination of modified electroconvulsive treatment and olanzapine: a case report.
		Treatment of catatonic stupor with combination of modified electroconvulsive treatment and olanzapine: a case report.
		Tan QR, Wang W, Wang HH, Zhang RG, Guo L, Zhang YH This case report is about the combined use of modified electroconvulsive treatment and an atypical antipsychotic drug, olanzapine, in the treatment of a 20-year-old man with chronic and refractory catatonic stupor.
		This patient, with a preexisting diagnosis of autism, posturing, nonverbal communication, and contracture of lower extremities, displaying mutism, akinesia, and an extreme level of rigidity, waxy flexibility, and posturing, was diagnosed as with catatonic stupor.
	counsellingresource.com /medications-research/2006/06/16/treatment-of-catatonic-stupor-with-combination-of-modified-electroconvulsive-treatment-and-olanzapine-a-case-report (337 words)

	All about ECT - Electroconvulsive Therapy
		Electroconvulsive Therapy has received some bad press as a result of what the treatment used to be.
		Memory problems usually clear within 7 months of treatment, although there may be a persistent memory deficit for the period immediately surrounding the treatment.
		Those are comforting statistics about a treatment that has an ugly name and ugly connotations but beautiful and even life-saving results....
	www.medhelp.org /lib/ect.htm (1140 words)

	NY Hearing on Electroconvulsive Treatment - Leonard Roy Frank Testimony (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Electroconvulsive therapy in effect may be defined as a controlled type of brain damage produced by electrical means....
		The biological approach covers a spectrum of physical treatments, at one end of which are psychiatric drugs, at the other end is psychosurgery (which is still being used, although infrequently), with electroshock falling somewhere between the two.
		Growing use and failure of psychiatric-drug treatment has forced psychiatry to rely more and more on ECT as a way of dealing with difficult, complaining patients, who often are hurting more from the drugs than from their original problems.
	www.healthyplace.com /Communities/Depression/ect/news/newyork/franktest.asp (2770 words)

	Severe Depression Treatment Methods
		Nowadays the only severe depression treatment options are considered to be drug treatment for depression and electric shock treatment for depression.
		Very often the severe depression treatment is held inside the facility; inpatient depression treatment usually lasts 1-3 weeks, depending on person’s condition, his medical insurance and the seriousness of his condition.
		Electroconvulsive severe depression treatment is reported to have more serious complications, like slow heart beat (bradycardia), rapid heart beat (tachycardia), memory loss, and confusion.
	www.depressiontreatment678.com /severe-depression-treatment.html (369 words)

	Electroconvulsive Therapy: Abstracts
		The response rate for low-dose unilateral electroconvulsive therapy was 17 percent, as compared with 43 percent for high-dose unilateral therapy (P = 0.054), 65 percent for low-dose bilateral therapy (P = 0.001), and 63 percent for high-dose bilateral therapy (P = 0.001).
		Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a treatment for severe mental illness in which a brief application of electric stimulus is used to produce a generalized seizure.
		Treatment at last contact in 89 persons with severe depression who committed suicide was compared with treatment at a corresponding date in 89 matched persons who did not commit suicide.
	www.garynull.com /documents/ECT/Abstracts.htm (6711 words)

	Emory Healthcare \| \| Fuqua center electroconvulsive therapy \| "
		Patients are asleep throughout the treatment and are monitored for their heart rate using a continuous electrocardiogram, blood pressure, oxygenation, and electroencephalogram (EEG) throughout the treatment.
		During the treatment, medications are administered to limit the amount of muscle movement and to control heart rate and changes in blood pressure.
		Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), also known as electroshock therapy (EST), is a medical procedure used to treat various psychiatric disorders including depression, manic depressive illness and schizophrenia.
	www.emoryhealthcare.org /departments/fuqua/patient_info/Electroconvulsive_Th.html (1728 words)

	Vagus Nerve Stimulation: Conquer Treatment Resistant Depression
		ECT can be the first choice of treatment for patients with psychotic depression (depression accompanied by hallucinations or delusions) and suicidal patients since it seems to start relieving symptoms after the first treatment, reducing the risk of suicide.
		Electroconvulsive Therapy is a shock treatment that induces a grand mal seizure in the brain.
		In Electroconvulsive Therapy, electrical stimulation of the brain causes a massive discharge of the nervous pathways in the brain, resulting in a grand mal seizure (similar to an epileptic seizure), temporarily altering the chemical makeup of the brain.
	www.vagusnervestimulation.com /topics/ect.cfm (1131 words)

	The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Consensus Development Program: Electroconvulsive Therapy
		Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a treatment for severe mental illness in which a brief application of electric stimulus is used to produce a generalized seizure.
		A treatment regimen in which ECT is used for the acute episode, followed by lithium maintenance, does not appear to be associated with an increased risk of early relapse compared with lithium treatment alone.
		The nature of the treatment itself, its history of abuse, unfavorable media presentations, compelling testimony of former patients, special attention by the legal system, uneven distribution of ECT use among practitioners and facilities, and uneven access by patients all contribute to the controversial context in which the consensus panel has approached its task.
	consensus.nih.gov /1985/1985ElectroconvulsiveTherapy051html.htm (5003 words)

	Mental Health America: Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
		Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a procedure in which a brief application of electric stimulus is used to produce a generalized seizure.
		Prior to the actual treatment, the patient is given general anesthesia and a muscle relaxant.
		It is often recommended that the patient maintain a regimen of medication, after the ECT treatments, to reduce the chance of relapse.
	www.nmha.org /go/information/get-info/treatment/electroconvulsive-therapy-ect (747 words)

	ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY for treatment of bipolar depression and mania (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		A treatment regimen in which ECT is used for the acute episode, followed by lithium maintenance, does not appear to be associated with an increased risk of early relapse compared with lithium treatment alone.
		When a patient is nonresponsive to other treatments, factors such as severity of the illness, its natural course, and the risk of other treatments worsening the course (as, for example, antidepressant medications precipitating a manic episode) need to be taken into account.
		The nature of the treatment itself, its history of abuse, unfavorable media presentations, compelling testimony of former patients, special attention by the legal system, uneven distribution of ECT use among practitioners and facilities, and uneven access by patients all contribute to the controversial context in which the consensus panel has approached its task.
	www.lorenbennett.org /ect-nih.htm (4848 words)

	Bipolar Disorder Treatment With Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
		Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), also known as electroshock therapy, is used as an acute treatment for hospitalized patients who are suicidal, psychotic, or dangerous to others.
		In electroconvulsive therapy, an electric current is sent through the scalp to the brain.
		Prior to ECT treatment, a person is given a muscle relaxant and put under general anesthesia.
	www.webmd.com /content/article/102/106788.htm (498 words)

	Schizophrenia Treatment Facility - Depression Treatment Facility - Skyland Trail - Atlanta Georgia
		Early treatment decreases the likelihood of recurrences, and the sooner treatment begins, the greater its probable effectiveness.
		Treatment for clinical depression varies with individuals, and may include antidepressant medication, psychotherapy, behavior modification, or a combination of these options.
		This treatment is a safe and painless procedure that stimulates the brain with a brief, controlled series of electrical pulses.
	www.skylandtrail.org /depression.html (880 words)

	Depression: Electroconvulsive Therapy -- familydoctor.org
		ECT may be given during a hospital stay, or a person can go to a hospital just for the treatment and then go home.
		You will wake up within 5 to 10 minutes after the treatment and will be taken to a recovery room to be watched.
		After you have finished all of your ECT treatments, you will probably be started on an antidepressant medicine.
	familydoctor.org /online/famdocen/home/common/mentalhealth/treatment/058.html (635 words)

	Utah Legislature HB0109S1
		that treatment, a due process proceeding shall be held in compliance with the procedures
		administration of the treatment in the hospital or facility or by the physician.
		analyze and monitor the use of electroconvulsive treatment administered to treat mental illness.
	www.le.state.ut.us /~2003/bills/hbillamd/hb0109s1.htm (1567 words)

	WebMD Health Search
		Electroconvulsive Therapy Vagus nerve stimulation is approved by FDA for treatment of depression.
		Electroconvulsive therapy is often used effectively for depression that is hard to treat.
		The researchers concluded that electroconvulsive therapy, once known as "shock treatment," and antidepressant drugs are the most effective treatments for moderate to severe depression.
	www.webmd.com /search/search_results/?query=electroconvulsive&filter=mywebmd_all_filter&go.x=14&go.y=11 (312 words)

	InteliHealth:
		Electroconvulsive therapy (also called electroshock therapy or shock therapy) can be a life-saving treatment.
		Electroconvulsive therapy must be repeated to be effective.
		Expect to be educated about electroconvulsive therapy, with explanations of how it is done and what the potential benefits and risks are compared with other treatments.
	www.intelihealth.com /IH/ihtIH/EMIHC270/8596/35229/363107.html?d=dmtContent (753 words)

	IGAC: Mental Health Treatment Preference Declaration Act (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		(7) "Mental health treatment" means electroconvulsive treatment, treatment of mental illness with psychotropic medication, and admission to and retention in a mental health facility for a period not to exceed 17 days for care or treatment of mental illness.
		If a declaration for mental health treatment has been invoked and is in effect at the expiration of 3 years after its execution, the declaration remains effective until the principal is no longer incapable.
		"Mental health treatment" means electroconvulsive treatment, treatment of mental illness with psychotropic medication, and admission to and retention in a health care facility for a period up to 17 days.
	gac.state.il.us /mhtpact.html (2466 words)

	Depression Treatment at Depression Therapy
		A great majority of the people with depressive illness do not seek treatment, which affects the normal function of their day-to-day life.
		A unique characteristic of depression is that it causes pain and suffering to the person suffering from depression as well as to those who care about the person.
		The greatest problem that depression treatment faces is the lack of knowledge among general population regarding the existence of successful treatments for depression.
	www.depression-therapy.com /treatment (220 words)

	ECT, Electroconvulsive Shock Treatment, Brain Damage - Psychiatry's Legacy
		Psychiatric treatment never addresses the person themselves, their problems, and what could be done to help them handle the problems they actually have with their own mind and life.
		Before heavy tranquilizers and muscle relaxers were used to render the patient completely immobile, shock treatments often caused broken vertebrae due to the severity of the force involved with electric shock.
		In fact, it is the harm caused by the "treatment" which actually produces the "cure" and not any imaginary correction of the elusive "chemical imbalance" or "neurological disorder".
	www.sntp.net /ect/ect3.htm (3415 words)

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