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	Materialism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Materialism is the philosophical view that the only thing that can truly be said to 'exist' is matter; that fundamentally, all things are composed of 'material' and all phenomena are the result of material interactions.
		Materialism is sometimes allied with the methodological principle of reductionism, according to which the objects or phenomena individuated at one level of description, if they are genuine, must be explicable in terms of the objects or phenomena at some other level of description -- typically, a more general level than the reduced one.
		For Marxism, materialism is central to the "materialist conception of history", which centers on the empirical world of actual human activity (practice, including labor) and institutions created, reproduced, or destroyed by that activity.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Materialism (680 words)

	Eliminative Materialism
		Modern versions of eliminative materialism claim that our common-sense understanding of psychological states and processes is deeply mistaken and that some or all of our ordinary notions of mental states will have no home, at any level of analysis, in a sophisticated and accurate account of the mind.
		Because eliminative materialism is grounded in the claim that common sense psychology is radically false, arguments for eliminativism are generally arguments against the tenability of folk psychology.
		Eliminativists often respond to this objection by first noting that the bare thesis that there are no beliefs is not itself contradictory or conceptually incoherent.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/materialism-eliminative (6801 words)

	Philosophical Materialism
		Materialism has always viewed atheism merely as a necessary consequence of its premises, not as a philosophically important end in itself.
		So materialism has always inferred its theories from the best empirical evidence at hand and has as a result always had its metascientific hypotheses scientifically confirmed, because the basic assumption of valid science has also always been that nature is governed by coherent, discoverable physical laws.
		Materialism is now the dominant systematic ontology among philosophers and scientists, and there are currently no established alternative ontological views competing with it" (p.
	www.infidels.org /library/modern/richard_vitzthum/materialism.html (5252 words)

	materialism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		For usage related to the prioritization of spending resources, see economic materialism.
		In one view, materialism expresses the view that the only thing that exists is matter; if anything else, such as mental events, exists, then it is reducible to matter.
		Materialism has also developed as a pejorative label for a lifestyle pursuing wealth, money, and objects rather than spiritual or mental development.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /materialism.html (347 words)

	WHAT DOES IT TAKE TO BE A TRUE BELIEVER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Eliminativist arguments inevitably rely, often only implicitly, on certain assumptions about what it takes for a creature to have beliefs, desires, and other folk-psychological states—assumptions about some alleged necessary condition(s) for being a true believer (to adapt this colorful usage from Dennett 1987).
		The evidence against an LT would point, not to eliminative materialism, but rather to the falsity of Zenon’s erstwhile beliefs (i) that possessing an LT cognitive architecture is a de facto necessary condition for being a true believer, and (ii) that humans possess an LT cognitive architecture.
		So the eliminativist must claim, in opposition to this, that even if we were to obtain good evidence that humans do not possess an LT, we would still have good evidence that possession of an LT is a prerequisite for being a true believer.
	dingo.sbs.arizona.edu /~thorgan/papers/True.Believer.htm (5227 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		I no longer accept this argument.2 Eliminativists such as Rorty and Feyerabend hold that, on our commonsense, folk-psycholog- ical conception of the mind, the mental is automatically nonphysi- cal; commonsense folk psychology is incompatible with mind-body materialism.
		The eliminativist insists that this would show that these states are not, after, all mental, since being mental is incompatible with being physical.
		Token Materialism and Anomalous Monism To be defensible, standard, noneliminative materialism must not prevent us from describing mental states in terms of their distinctively mental characteristics.
	web.gc.cuny.edu /cogsci/mmbp-add.htm (3762 words)

	Psychological Concepts and Biological Psychiatry: a Philosophical Analysis. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Biomedical materialism is rooted in the evidence that the brain is the substrate of psychological states.
		Contrary to eliminativist assumptions, psychological thinking is not closet theology, and there is a pluralistic naturalism that is both psychology-friendly and to the left of eliminativism's rather conventional deference to the absolute authority of the natural sciences as they are currently understood.
		An important aspect of the biomedical and eliminativist materialists' critique of psychology is their view that psychological approaches to the treatment of psychiatric disorders are iatrogenic.
	psycprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk /archive/00000152/01/psyc.01.12.023.biological-psychiatry.1.zachar.xml (9128 words)

	iqexpand.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In one view, materialism expresses the view that the only thing that exists is matter; that all particulars are materially constituted.
		Materialism is the philosophical view that the only thing that...
		Materialism is now the dominant systematic ontology among...
	materialism.iqexpand.com (754 words)

	[No title]
		Materialism requires that physical states logically entail all non-relational states; but zombies are logically possible, so materialism fails.
		With remarks on whether the thesis is empirical or a priori, and on deciding the issue between materialism and epiphenomenalism.
		Argues that materialism is only contingently true, as it's conceptually possible that we could become immaterial by gradual replacement.
	www.cogsci.indiana.edu /pub/chalmers.bib.1 (10302 words)

	Dictionary of Philosophy of Mind - eliminativism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The eliminativists argue that there is thus no reason to assume that such identities will be found when science develops a detailed alternative to the folk psychological view of mental states.
		It is thus possible to use the eliminativist's radical new assumptions to undercut the second premise of the eliminativist argument i.e.
		The eliminativist claim that folk psychology might be false loses much of its bite when the concept of falsity is redefined so as to permit a false concept to refer to the world.
	www.artsci.wustl.edu /~philos/MindDict/eliminativism.html (9937 words)

	What Is a Good Materialist?
		If the eliminativist wants to eliminate consciousness as irrelevant and confused, then he or she will have to rely on a normative position that attributes to this individual (the eliminativist him- or herself) an intentionality.
		The eliminativist tries to be true to the very spirit of empiricist materialism, but he or she then reduces the very goal into a confused position.
		On the other hand, the "robust" materialist doesn't stay true to strict empiricist materialism, but the intent is that he or she wants to show that everything that we experience is accountable to a physical substance.
	ebbs.english.vt.edu /cgi-bin/hnews/get/cogsci/10.html?frame=response (541 words)

	Introduction
		In the sharpest of contrasts from the prevailing ideology of functionalism the eliminativist denies that "function" is the defining characteristic of mental phenomena, rather, it is material structure and form.
		Eliminative materialism is strictly consistent with the claim that the essence of a cognitive system resides in the abstract functional organization of its internal states.
		In evaluating the objectives of the functionalist and eliminativist stances, however, it would be unfair to require that in order for the neurosciences to bear fruit on the matter that the whole apparatus of psychology must be dissolved in the manner that eliminativists propose.
	home.cfl.rr.com /jessehenson/THESISMLS.html (19250 words)

	Attitude and Image, or, What Will Simulation Let Us Eliminate? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Thus, when eliminativists concern themselves with views about "internal" folk theories, they generally, and quite properly, focus not so much on the content represented in the putative knowledge structures (as Stich and Ravenscroft seem to think), but on the form of whatever is represented.
		However, eliminativists do not typically favor the sorts of "internal" stories (such as [3] and [4]) that would render such a relationship between the external and the internal coherent (though not mandatory).
		In this regard, eliminativists may be expected object most vehemently to theories of type [4].
	www.calstatela.edu /faculty/nthomas/sim-elim.htm (4107 words)

	Material Suppliers
		For usage related to the prioritization of spending resources, see economic materialism.'' Materialism is the philosophical view that the only thing that can truly be said to 'exist' is matter; that fundamentally, all things are comprised of 'material'.
		Material is the substance or matter from which something is or can be made, or also items needed for doing or creating something.
		Material is sometimes used when referring to cloth or fabric.
	www.frozenup.com /pages9/54/material-suppliers.html (1463 words)

	A PARTICULARLY COMPELLING
		Thus directed, Eliminative Materialism is materialism or physicalism plus the distinctive and truly radical thesis that there have never occurred any sensations; no one has ever experienced a sensation.
		Since ~C, the reality of material objects, is directly entailed by something Moore already knows to be true (~C', that he does have hands), the culprit must be one of the other members of the inconsistent set; it must be one of the premises that is false.
		The Eliminativist may protest that her/his case is not purely philosophical, but rests on scientific considerations of cognitive psychology, neuroscience, connectionist modelling, and the like.
	www.unc.edu /~ujanel/ElimWeb.htm (3120 words)

	de Materialismus This article primarily focuses on...
		"Materialism" expresses the view that the only thing that exists exists is matter matter; if anything else, such as mental event mental events, exists, then it is reducible reducible to matter.
		"Materialism" has also frequently been understood to designate an entire scientific, "rationalistic rationalistic" world view world view, particularly by religious thinkers opposed to it and also by Marxists Marxists.
		Materialism has also developed as a pejorative pejorative label for a lifestyle lifestyle pursuing wealth, money, and objects rather than spiritual or mental development.
	www.biodatabase.de /materialism (282 words)

	Materialism : Materialist
		Materialism is the view that the only thing that exists is matter; if anything else, such as mental events, exists, then it is reducible to matter.
		It is typically contrasted both with dualism and with phenomenalism[?] (which is also called idealism), and like those theories, has had a long history with many varieties and many distinguished proponents.
		Materialism has also developed as a pejorative label for a lifestyle pursuing wealth, money, and objects rather than spiritual development.
	www.fastload.org /ma/Materialist.html (271 words)

	Undetached Rabbit Parts: The Consequences of Eliminativism
		Clark, as I understand eliminativists, they are not endorsing that we keep folk psychology around for its instrumental uses.
		The reality which the eliminativist describes is purely material, without mental states at all.
		1) Part of eliminative materialism involves providing an explanatory framework (though this may be in the form of a large promissory note) that is supposed to be superior to folk psychology.
	wmuphilosophy.blogspot.com /2005/03/consequences-of-eliminativism.html (2254 words)

	the evangelical outpost: Return of the Zombies: Naturalism and the Mind/Body Problem (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Zombies appear to have a peculiar attachment to what is often referred to as physicalism or materialism, the idea that everything that exists is, in some sense, physical and that nothing nonphysical exists at all.
		Eliminativist zombies claim that our ordinary, common-sense understanding of the mind is deeply wrong and that some or all of the mental states posited by common-sense do not actually exist.
		The eliminativist will say that while it is true that they are making such an assertion, it really has no meaning since assertions can’t be made.
	www.evangelicaloutpost.com /archives/001325.html (20557 words)

	Phil 255, Week 5
		But this does not undercut materialism, since the other causal factors are material too.
		Materialism: since mind is matter, and changes in matter are caused, there is no full-fledged free will.
		Eliminativist materialism: we don't need to reduce folk psychology to neuroscience, because folk psychology is mostly false can be rejected.
	cogsci.uwaterloo.ca /courses/Phil255/Phil255.week5.html (369 words)

	Oxford Scholarship Online: Deconstructing the Mind
		Eliminativism claims that the mental states alluded to in our ordinary talk about the mind - particularly intentional states like beliefs, desires, and thoughts - are the posits of a badly mistaken "folk" theory, and thus, like phlogiston, witches and other posits of badly mistaken theories, they do not exist.
		3 and 5 argue that the case for the premises of the eliminativist argument is problematic in ways that have not been noted in previous discussions.
		Though many writers rely on the theory of reference to fill the gap between premises and conclusion, it is argued that appeals to the theory of reference cannot do the ontological work required by the eliminativist argument.
	www.oxfordscholarship.com /oso/public/content/philosophy/0195126661/toc.html (304 words)

	MATERIALISM FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In this view, one might speak of the "material_world".
		Karl_Marx and Friedrich_Engels, turning the idealist dialectics of Georg Hegel "upside down", provided materialism with a view on processes of quantitative and qualitative change called ''dialectical_materialism'', and with a materialist account of the course of history, known as ''historical_materialism.''
		In recent years, Paul and Patricia_Churchland have advocated an extreme form of materialism, ''eliminativist_materialism'', which holds that mental phenomena simply do not exist at all -- that talk of the mental reflects a totally spurious "folk_psychology" that simply has no basis in fact, something like the way that folk science speaks of demon-caused illness.
	www.bigspringbreak.com /materialism (659 words)

	The Mind-Body Problem: Toward a Second-Best Solution
		In consequence, many philosophers have gravitated in the direction of some variety of materialism, as the major alternative (or family of alternatives) to dualism.
		Rather, it is an account that is consistent with materialism but which might also be adopted by someone holding a dualistic or some other view.
		Eliminative materialism is the thesis that our commonsense conception of psychological phenomena constitutes a radically false theory, a theory so fundamentally defective that both the principles and the ontology of that theory will eventually be displaced, rather than smoothly reduced, by a completed neuroscience.
	personal.bgsu.edu /~roberth/physx.html (3818 words)

	The Philosophy of Neuroscience
		In her (1986) book, Churchland distilled eliminativist arguments of the past decade, unified the pieces of the philosophy of science underlying them, and sandwiched the philosophy between a five-chapter introduction to neuroscience and a 70-page chapter on three then-current theories of brain function.
		Eliminative materialism (EM) is the conjunction of two claims.
		This is the key premise of an eliminativist argument based on predicted intertheoretic relations.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/neuroscience (10131 words)

	Eliminative materialism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In the philosophy of mind, eliminative materialism is the school of thought that argues for an absolute version of materialism and physicalism with respect to mental entities and mental vocabulary.
		Eliminative materialists therefore believe that consciousness does not exist except as an epiphenomenon of brain function and some believe that the concept will eventually be eliminated as neuroscience progresses.
		Eliminative materialism was first defended by W.V. Quine, Paul Feyerabend, and Richard Rorty.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/E/Eliminative-materialism.htm (374 words)

	Psychological Concepts and Biological Psychiatry: a Philosophical Analysis.Psychological Concepts and Biological ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		They think their field needs people who are smart enough and disciplined enough to understand physiology and genetics, and they question the scientific values of those who reject biomedical approaches without understanding the evidence on which they are based.
		They claim that psychiatric disorders are really disorders of the brain, that psychoanalytic and other therapeutic approaches are based on radically false models of human behavior and are harmful, and that we could make the world a better place if we understood what psychiatric disorders really are.
		Contrary to eliminativist assumptions, psychological thinking is not closet theology, and there is a pluralistic naturalism that is both psychology-friendly and to the left of eliminativism's rather conventional deference to the absolute authority of the natural sciences as they are currently understood.
	psycprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk /perl/local/psyc/makedoc?id=152&type=xml (9151 words)

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