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Topic: Ethylene

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	Ethylene
		Ethylene is a plant hormone that differs from other plant hormones in being a gas.
		The presence of ethylene is detected by transmembrane receptors in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of the cells.
		Binding of ethylene to these receptors unleashes a signaling cascade that leads to activation of transcription factors and the turning on of gene transcription.
	users.rcn.com /jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/E/Ethylene.html (122 words)

	Ethylene
		Ethylene, unlike the rest of the plant hormone compounds is a gaseous hormone.
		In 1935, Crocker proposed that ethylene was the plant hormone responsible for fruit ripening as well as inhibition of vegetative tissues (Crocker, 1935).
		Ethylene is produced in all higher plants and is produced from methionine in essentially all tissues.
	www.plant-hormones.info /ethylene.htm (422 words)

	Ethylene Gas C2H4
		Ethylene was used medically as a anesthetic in concentrations significantly greater than that found in a ripening room.
		Ethylene is actually used commercially on only a few crops, including: (a) bananas, (b) for removing the green color from citrus fruits, (e) almost all honeydew melons, and (d) to a limited extent, with tomatoes.
		Ethylene is a natural compound used at low controlled doses to trigger the ripening process of bananas in storage.
	www.mindfully.org /Plastic/Ethylene-Gas.htm (2802 words)

	Aalto Ethylene Testing-Ethylene gas level testing services.
		Aalto Ethylene Testing will utilize the most sophisticated Gas Chromatograph available, and one of the only instruments available commercially to the perishable produce and floral industry.
		Capable of measuring ethylene gas levels down to PPB (Parts Per Billion) Aalto Ethylene Testing can provide accurate and detailed analysis necessary for tracking ethylene gas effects upon the most sensitive commodities, from Kiwi Fruit to Flower Bulbs, and of course the major ethylene producing commodities such as Apples, Pears and Bananas.
		In addition to an accurate ethylene gas test, the real value of Aalto Ethylene Testing is Waine's many years of invaluable experience and expertise with most every commodity stored commercially.
	www.ethylenetesting.com (335 words)

	ETHYLENE RESEARCH: USU CROP PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY
		We are now configuring a GC for automated ethylene monitoring of 16 chambers and plan to use this capability to quantify short- and long-term ethylene effects at different stages of the life cycle.
		Ethylene efflux appears to be correlated with growth rate and may peak during anthesis.
		We are configuring a GC for automated ethylene monitoring of 16 chambers and plan to use this capability to quantify short- and long-term ethylene effects at different stages of the life cycle.
	www.usu.edu /cpl/research_ethylene.htm (3121 words)

	Ethylene Summary (Site not responding. Last check: )
		From 1795 on, ethylene was referred to as the olefiant gas (oil-making gas), because it combined with chlorine to produce the oil of the Dutch chemists (ethylene dichloride), first synthesized in 1795 by a collaboration of four Dutch chemists.
		Ethylene can be chlorinated to produce ethylene dichloride (1,2-Dichloroethane), a precursor to the plastic polyvinyl chloride, or combined with benzene to produce ethylbenzene, which is used in the manufacture of polystyrene, another important plastic.
		Ethylene is colorless, has a pleasant sweet faint odor, and has a slightly sweet taste, and as it enhances fruit ripening, assists in the development of odour-active aroma volatiles (especially esters), which are responsible for the specific smell of each kind of flower or fruit.
	www.bookrags.com /Ethylene (2511 words)

	Ethylene - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		From 1795 on, ethylene was referred to as the olefiant gas (oil-making gas), because it combined with chlorine to produce the oil of the Dutch chemists (ethylene dichloride), first synthesized in 1795 by a collaboration of four Dutch chemists.
		Ethylene can be chlorinated to produce ethylene dichloride (1,2-Dichloroethane), a precursor to the plastic polyvinyl chloride, or combined with benzene to produce ethylbenzene, which is used in the manufacture of polystyrene, another important plastic.
		Ethylene is colorless, has a pleasant sweet faint odor, and has a slightly sweet taste, and as it enhances fruit ripening, assists in the development of odour-active aroma volatiles (especially esters), which are responsible for the specific smell of each kind of flower or fruit.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ethylene (1796 words)

	Ethylene oxide - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ethylene oxide gas kills bacteria, mold, and fungi, and can therefore be used to sterilize substances that would be damaged by sterilizing techniques such as pasteurization that rely on heat.
		Ethylene oxide sterilization for the preservation of spices was patented in 1938 by the American chemist Lloyd Hall, and it is still used in that role.
		Ethylene oxide is also important in the manufacture of surfactants and other detergents, in a process called ethoxylation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ethylene_oxide (716 words)

	Ethylene (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Ethylene is a natural plant Hormone, which affects the growth, development, ripening, and senescence (aging) of all plants.
		It is clear that ethylene is a ripening hormone - a chemical substance produced by fruits with the specific biological phenomenon of accelerating the normal process of fruit maturation and senescence.
		One part of ethylene per million parts of air that's one cupful of ethylene gas in 62,000 gallons of air - is enough to promote the ripening process in fruits.
	www.lettucedeliver.com.au /shop/en-us/dept_216.html (680 words)

	Ethylene (C2H4)
		While ethylene is invaluable due to its ability to initiate the ripening process in several fruits, it can also be very harmful to many fruits, vegetables, flowers, and plants by accelerating the aging process and decreasing the product quality and shelf life.
		Ethylene can promote ripening in tomatoes, bananas, citrus, pineapples, dates, persimmons, pears, apples, melons, mangos, avocados, papayas and jujubes - a clear indication that the action of ethylene is general and widespread amongst a number of fruits.
		Ethylene is actually used commercially on only a few crops, including: (a) bananas, (b) for removing the green color from citrus fruits, (e) almost all honeydew melons, and (d) to a limited extent, with tomatoes.
	www.catalyticgenerators.com /whatisethylene.html (1373 words)

	ATSDR - ToxFAQs™: Ethylene Glycol and Propylene Glycol
		Both ethylene glycol and propylene glycol are clear, colorless, slightly syrupy liquids at room temperature.
		Ethylene glycol is also an ingredient in photographic developing solutions, hydraulic brake fluids and in inks used in stamp pads, ballpoint pens, and print shops.
		Ethylene glycol affects the body's chemistry by increasing the amount of acid, resulting in metabolic problems.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /tfacts96.html (1061 words)

	ATSDR - ToxFAQs™: Ethylene Oxide
		Ethylene oxide is a man-made chemical that is used primarily to make ethylene glycol (a chemical used to make antifreeze and polyester).
		Because ethylene oxide is a gas, most is expected to be released to the air where it reacts with water vapor and sunlight and breaks down within a few days.
		Although ethylene oxide has been measured in some foods shortly after being sprayed as a pesticide, it is not known if any ethylene oxide would remain on the food by the time it is processed and eaten.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /tfacts137.html (990 words)

	Clinical Pathology of Ethylene Glycol Toxicosis
		Ethylene glycol is absorbed quickly from the gastrointestinal tract and is distributed to body tissues via the blood.
		Ethylene glycol metabolites such as aldehyde, glycolic acid, and oxalate are associated with renal toxicity.
		Renal tubular damage due to the presence of toxic metabolites of ethylene glycol is primarily responsible for renal failure at this stage of toxicosis.
	www.vet.uga.edu /vpp/clerk/Torres (1995 words)

	Firestone BPCO :: Lining :: \| Home-EN
		From potable water reservoirs to landfill caps, constructed wetlands to golf course lakes, Firestone geomembranes provide dependable performance in critical containment applications.
		Firestone Geomembranes are based on EPDM rubber (ethylene propylene diene terpolymer), a highly stable, inert material with a proven quality performance record in waterproofing applications.
		They exhibit outstanding resistance to ultraviolet radiation, ozone and weathering, and show strong resistance to microbial and algae attack.
	www.firestonebplatincaribe.com /lining/index.php?en (161 words)

	eMedicine - Toxicity, Ethylene Glycol : Article by Daniel C Keyes, MD, MPH
		Ethylene glycol is a relatively common cause of overdose in American emergency departments.
		Although the parent compound, ethylene glycol, may cause some alteration of mental status, it is a relatively nontoxic compound before it is metabolized.
		Serum osmolality: Because ethylene glycol levels are not reported in a clinically helpful fashion in most institutions, ethylene glycol exposure level is often estimated through measurement of the serum osmolality.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/topic177.htm (3136 words)

	s030108a - Ethylene Glycol Poisoning - Fomepizole
		Abstract: 4-Methylpyrazole (4-MP), a potent inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase activity, is a candidate to replace ethanol as the antidote for methanol and ethylene glycol intoxications, because it has a longer duration of action and apparently fewer adverse effects.
		In the past year, fomepizole (4-methylpyrazole) has been approved for use as an antidote in the treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning in adults, and the first article reporting the use of fomepizole in a pediatric ethylene glycol exposure was published.
		As a result, the therapy of ethylene glycol poisoning in children is likely to change from the traditional approach of ethanol administration coupled with hemodialysis to the administration of fomepizole with or without hemodialysis.
	www.emory.edu /WHSCL/grady/amreport/litsrch02/s030108a.html (1445 words)

	Ripening Tomatoes With Ethylene
		Ethylene from generators is slowly released and does not reach dangerous concentrations when used as suggested by the manufacturer.
		Ethylene is flammable at a concentration of 3.1 to 32% in air.
		In the flow-thru system, ethylene is blended with air to a concentration of 150 ppm and passed through the ripening room at a minimum rate of one room exchange each 6 hours.
	edis.ifas.ufl.edu /BODY_CV206 (1536 words)

	Botany online: Plant hormones - Phytohormones - Ethylene
		The concentration of ethylene in a plant tissue is dependent on the rate of biosynthesis and on diffusion of the gas.
		Ethylene is bound by a receptor that is membrane-localized.
		Ethylene thus acts as an intermediary signal between hypoxia and gibberellin in the transduction pathway that leads from submergence to internodal growth.
	www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de /b-online/e31/31g.htm (1544 words)

	Ethylene (IARC Summary & Evaluation, Volume 60, 1994) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Ethylene, the petrochemical manufactured in largest volume worldwide, is produced primarily by the steam-cracking of hydrocarbons.
		Ethylene is introduced into the environment from both natural and man-made sources, including emissions from vegetation, as a product of burning of organic material (such as cigarettes) and of incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, and in its production and use.
		Ethylene was tested for carcinogenicity in one experiment in rats exposed by inhalation.
	www.inchem.org /documents/iarc/vol60/m60-01.html (520 words)

	Rulemaking Informal: 1998-09-25 Ethylene Oxide ATCM
		is the total pounds of ethylene oxide used in all of the sterilizers at the facility during a one-year period.
		means the concentration of ethylene glycol in the scrubber liquor of an acid-water scrubber control device established during a performance test when the scrubber achieves at least 99 percent control of ethylene oxide emissions.
		For determining the ethylene glycol concentration, the facility owner or operator shall establish the maximum ethylene glycol concentration as the ethylene glycol concentration averaged over three test runs; the sampling and analysis procedures in ASTM D 3695-88, Standard Test Method for Volatile Alcohols in Water by Direct Aqueous-Injection Gas Chromatography (1988).
	www.arb.ca.gov /toxics/atcm/etoatcm.htm (6033 words)

	Ethylene (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Ethylene (CAS# 74-85-1) is a colorless gas that is primarily used as an intermediate for chemical raw materials which in turn are used to manufacture a large variety of substances and products, including vinyl chloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, ethyl chloride, tetraethyl lead, and acetaldehyde.
		When ethylene was used as an anesthesic, fatal accidents have occurred during ethylene anesthesia because the gas-oxygen mixtures are explosives; its use has declined since the 1970s.
		In 1998, 1,309,024,810 pounds of ethylene waste were managed; 123,871,793 pounds were recycled on-site; 0 pounds were recycled off-site; 631,048,101 pounds were used for energy recovery on-site; 12,978,078 pounds were used for energy recovery off-site; 509,119,560 pounds were treated on-site; 3,013,379 pounds were treated off-site; and 28,993,899 pounds were released on-and off-site.
	www.nsc.org /ehc/chemical/Ethylene.htm (861 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Ethylene glycol intoxication
		Ethylene glycol may be swallowed accidentally, or it may be taken deliberately in a suicide attempt or as a substitute for drinking alcohol (ethanol).
		Ethylene glycol toxicity should be suspected in anyone who is severely ill after drinking an unknown substance, especially if they initially appear drunk and do not have a smell of alcohol on their breath.
		In severe cases, a procedure called hemodialysis (dialysis) may be used to directly remove the ethylene glycol and other poisonous substances from the blood.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/000774.htm (695 words)

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