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Topic: Fern ally

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	A Fondness For Ferns - Minnesota Conservation Volunteer: Minnesota DNR
		Ferns and their allies differ from mosses in that they have a vascular system-tubes that carry water and nutrients from one part of the plant to another.
		In contrast, fern allies tend to have small leaves, and their sporecases are single on some leaves or grouped in cones at the top of the plant.
		To reproduce, ferns and their allies shed spores, which land on the ground and develop into tiny plant forms, which are all but invisible to us.
	www.dnr.state.mn.us /volunteer/mayjun05/ferns.html (994 words)

	Fern ally
		Fern ally is a term for a diverse group of vascular plants that are neither flowering plants nor ferns and which reproduce by shedding spore to initiate an alternation of generations.
		There are four main groups of plants considered to be "fern allies." In various classification schemes, these may be grouped as classes or divisions within the plant kingdom.
		The ophioglossoids (Ophioglossopsida) were once thought to be ferns, but are now known to be distinct due to genetic studies.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/fe/Fern_ally.html (137 words)

	Fern ally - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Note that in either scheme, the basic subdivision of the fern allies is preserved, with the exception that the Ophioglossophyta (Ophioglossopsida), once thought to be true ferns, are now generally regarded by many to be a distinct group of fern allies.
		fern allies": the clubmosses, spikemosses, and quillworts in the Lycopodiophyta, the whisk ferns in Psilotaceae, and the horsetails in the Equisetaceae.
		In fact, the whisk ferns and Ophioglossoids are demonstrably a monophyletic clade, and the horsetails and Marattiaceae are arguably another clade.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fern_ally (364 words)

	Painted Fern -- Recommendations and Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Pteridopsida A fern, or pteridophyte, is any one of a group of some twenty thousand species of plants classified in the Division Pteridophyta, formerly known as Filicophyta.
		A fern is defined as a vascular plant that does not produce seeds, but reproduces by spores to initiate an alternation of generations.
		Ferns have traditionally been grouped in the Class Filices, but modern classifications assign them their own division in the plant kingdom, called Pteridophyta.
	www.becomingapediatrician.com /health/113/painted-fern.html (886 words)

	Fern ally (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Fern ally is a general term covering a somewhat diverse group of vascular plants that are not flowering plants and not true ferns.
		Like ferns, these plants reproduce by shedding spores to initiate an alternation of generations.
		There are four main groups of plants considered to be fern allies.
	bopedia.com /en/wikipedia/f/fe/fern_ally.html (165 words)

	San Diego Fern Society Fern Catalog
		A neat fern with clumps of bright green fronds that are densely woolly on the underside., this fern grows to be 8-16 inches tall.
		This native fern ally is found on dry rocky banks in the mountains of California south of the area of Sacramento.
		Hovenkamp, P.H. A Monograph of the Fern Genus Pyrrosia
	www.sdfern.com /ferncat.htm (14226 words)

	Welcome to National Botanical Research Institute: NBRI Lucknow
		The Pteridophytes, consisting of ferns and fern allies, constitute a vast group of vascular cryptogams, the majority of them being restricted to sheltered, shaded humid habitat.
		Survey and assessment of ferns and fern-allies in Corbett National Park (Uttaranchal) has been completed and total 34 species of ferns and ferns allies were collected, identified and voucher specimens were made.
		On the basis of the study of spore morphology, a phylogenetic evolution of ferns in relation to spore morphology and evolutionary trends among the spore types has been suggested and a new concept of the morphology and interpretation of the perispore has been proposed.
	www.nbri-lko.org /randdarea/biodiversity/pteridology.htm (782 words)

	Ferns of Tasmania
		Michael Garrett introduces the fern flora in Tasmania and proceeds with the almost requisite chapters on "Fern Structure and Life Cycle" and "Propagation and Cultivation." After that the book follows a different path from most fern flora.
		Next, Garrett provides a detailed breakdown of the ferns and fern allies by families and a complete checklist divided by family, by genus, and by species.
		Garrett has also included pictures showing specific features of certain ferns and, my personal favorite, pictures of the habitat in which many of the ferns can be found.
	www.sdfern.com /tasfern.htm (656 words)

	Natural Perspective: Ferns (Filicinophyta)
		By contrast, the fern plants we commonly see are the sporophytes: it is the gametophyte stage that is small and often overlooked.
		Ferns prefer to live in environments having low light and relatively high levels of moisture and humidity and.
		Fern allies share the characteristics described here but do not have the ferns' stem and leaf structure.
	www.perspective.com /nature/plantae/ferns.html (412 words)

	Devonian Times - More about Ferns
		Modern ferns are familiar spore-producing plants common in a wide range of tropical to temperate environments.
		The most widely accepted previous schemes placed three groups of extant ferns (Marattiales, Ophioglossales and leptosporangiate ferns) within the "true ferns" while two other groups, sphenophytes (horsetails) and Psilotales (whisk ferns) were regarded as more distantly related "fern allies" that may or may not be "true ferns".
		Whisk ferns (Psilotales) have no roots, greatly reduced leaves and spore producing organs that are borne on short lateral branches; all other ferns produce spores on their leaves.
	www.devoniantimes.org /who/pages/ferns.html (1914 words)

	fern - Definition, Synonyms, and Reference from OnPedia.com
		fern seed - the asexual spore of ferns that resembles dust; once thought to be seeds and to make the possessor invisible
		Anemia adiantifolia, pine fern - fern of Florida and West Indies and Central America with rhizome densely clad in grown hairs
		grape fern - a fern of the genus Botrychium having a fertile frond bearing small grapelike clusters of spore cases
	www.onpedia.com /dictionary/fern (587 words)

	Wertheim (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Ferns are particularly abundant epiphytes because of the ease with which fern spores are dispersed.
		The iridescent Selaginella, erroneously called the peacock fern (it is not a fern but a fern ally, part of the Lycopodium group) is one of the most common iridescent plants.
		Fern allies are also important in tropical forests, and represented in the Conservatory.
	bio.fiu.edu /botany/Wertheim.html (2918 words)

	[No title]
		The fern's habitat consists of exposed, weathered rock outcrops with rooting substrate confined to fissures, crevices, and thinly mantled horizontal ledges (section 5, this document).
		Fern habitat is situated between 1300 and 1600 feet elevation on the east exposure of the north arm of Mt. Reed.
		Areas where the fern is known to occur should be declared critical habitat, but markers or exclosures should be avoided so as not to draw attention to or destabilize these areas (29).
	fwie.fw.vt.edu /WWW/esis/lists/e857001.htm (4643 words)

	Ferns Factsheet - Gardening Australia - ABC
		Of the hundreds of different varieties Hart’s Tongue Ferns, there are two cultivars that are noted for their crinkly or crested leaves.
		Lord Howe Island is known for its endemic ferns, and Chris Goudey, fern grower, collector and breeder visited there about 15 years ago collecting herbarium specimens for the museum and spore for himself to propagate.
		A lot of ferns produce bulbils on their fronds, and the Hen and Chicken Fern Asplenium bulbiferum is a particularly good example.
	www.abc.net.au /gardening/stories/s968183.htm (616 words)

	Psilotum nudum - Whisk Fern - Psilotaceae (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It is considered a fern ally because it is a spore-producing vascular plant.
		Whisk fern is native to swamplands and dry rocky cliffs from North Carolina to Oklahoma to the tropics.
		Since whisk ferns do not flower (they are not flowering plants, after all), the spores are produced in large, solitary sporangia born on bractlike or leaflike lateral appendages.
	www.plantoftheweek.org /week055.shtml (275 words)

	Hashemite Pteridophytes
		I have not seen royal fern in Jordan nor is there a specimen in the University of Jordan herbarium, the largest collection in the country.
		Both lip ferns are frequent throughout the rocky hills in the northern part of the country occurring as far south as Wadi Mujib.
		Ferns and the single fern ally are interesting components of the rich and diverse flora of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.
	www.odu.edu /~lmusselm/essays/hashemitepteridophytes.htm (1442 words)

	linksGB
		This resource, compiled at the Australian National Herbarium, is under development and is intended to include information about the taxonomy and distribution of Australian and regional ferns and their allies as well at general information about pteridophytes".
		There are also some fern identification data, discussion, lists of pteridophytes at various sites, and photographs of garden flowers.
		The object of the Society would be to bring together those who are interested in ferns, to foster this interest and to introduce ferns to a wider audience".
	www.com-nature.com /~fougere-fern/libraryGB/contentGBtext/linksGB.htm (628 words)

	The American Fern Society: Research informations : Petrosporum metallica
		This sounds like Selaginella uncinata which is a spike moss and a fern ally, but not a true fern.
		The fern was identified in 2001 and as such is relatively new to science.
		In addition to growing as an epiphyte on trees and fallen tree trunks this fern can grow on limestone and is known scientifically as a lithophyte (lith-o-fit).
	amerfernsoc.org /discus/messages/14/618.html?1166266795 (403 words)

	Mohlenbrock \| Ferns, 2nd Edition
		This detailed account of ferns and fern-allies was first published in 1967 as the first volume in the series The Illustrated Flora of Illinois.
		The introductory information of Ferns includes discussions of the morphology and life history of the ferns and fern-allies, the taxonomic history of the group in Illinois, and the habitats where they can be found.
		The semitechnical keys and descriptions, familiar to the professional botanist, have been simplified for the novice and are accompanied by a glossary and a profuse use of illustrations.
	www.siu.edu /~siupress/titles/s99_titles/mohlenbrock_flora.htm (377 words)

	Fern Collection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Rimba Ilmu Fern Collection serves as a conservation and study facility and is mainly housed within the new Fern Enclosure inside the Garden.
		There are 116 species of ferns and fern-allies in the Fernery, and another 18 species found about the Garden generally, making a total of 134 species.
		The fern collection was first developed by Professor Haji Mohamed Abdul Majid for teaching purposes and was built up mainly by Mr Zulkapli Ibrahim.
	rimba.um.edu.my /fern.html (243 words)

	Related WordNet synsets for SUMO concept Fern
		North American fern having tall erect pinnate fronds and a few sporogenous pinnae at or near the center of the fertile fronds
		Australasian fern with clusters of sporangia on stems of fertile fronds
		a fern of the genus Woodwadia having the sori in chainlike rows
	icosym-nt.cvut.cz /kifb/wordnet/_fern.html (3636 words)

	FIELD SYSTEMATIC BOTANY - PTERIDOPHYTES - HUGH WILSON
		Either a very primitive remnant of an ancient line, possibly basal to the vascular plants, or a highly specialized version of the "true" ferns.
		"Other" Ferns: the largest and most diverse group - leptosporangiate, homosporous, variously classified, often (as in Correll and Johnston, 1977) put together as the Polypodiaceae (50 genera worldwide, 22 genera with 71 species in Texas - flora of Robertson county lists 9 genera with 10 species).
		Salviniaceae and Azollaceae - Floating Ferns - [Azolla treated as Salviniaceae in Correll and Johnston (1979) - 2 genera, ca.
	www.csdl.tamu.edu /FLORA/fsb/fsbfern1.htm (1017 words)

	Browsing Store - Ferns of the Smokies
		Ferns of the Smokies--This is the latest in our award-winning series of full color field guides to the Great Smoky Mountains.
		It covers every species of fern and fern ally (club moss, ground cedar, etc.) in the Smoky Mountain area.
		The text is by Dr. Murray Evans, former University of Tennessee professor, Wildflower Pilgrimage leader, and one of the world's leading authorities on ferns.
	www.smokiesstore.org /browse.cfm/4,653.htm (104 words)

	Ferns of the Bruce Trail
		The 38 fern silhouettes with both common and scientific names is wonderful to have on a hike especially in the Sydenham section of the Bruce Trail.
		One worth consideration is the The Ferns of Grey and Bruce Counties authored by the Bruce-Grey Plant Committee, Owen Sound Field Naturalists.
		Below each fern species are two or more links that take you to other websites where you will find fern photographs.
	www.sydenhambrucetrail.ca /ferns.html (846 words)

	Fern Allies
		As for the ferns, the sporophyte is dominant while the gametophyte is short-lived.
		If it is generally true that ferns have big leaves, fern allies have small leaves or none at all.
		The terms ferns and fern allies have served botanists well but be aware that phylogenies based on molecular studies are overturning these long held groupings.
	scitec.uwichill.edu.bb /bcs/bl14apl/pter3.htm (917 words)

	www.TopTropicals.com - rare plants for home and garden
		Whisk fern is native to swamplands and dry rocky cliffs.
		These are frost-tender, subtropical or tropical, terrestrial or epiphytic (grows on a host, such as a tree, to obtain nutrients, but isn't a parasite) Ferns grown for their interesting skeletal or broom-like fronds.
		If terrestrial, this Fern's growth is branched and erect; if epiphytic, its growth will be pendulous.
	toptropicals.com /catalog/uid/Psilotum_nudum.htm (256 words)

	[No title]
		However, in Proctor's (04) review of the ferns of Puerto Rico, the species is again placed in the genus Cyathea and this has been followed here.
		The elfin tree fern is restricted to elfin or dwarf forests of the central mountains.
		Epiphytes, ferns, orchids, liverworts, and mosses are abundant.
	fwie.fw.vt.edu /WWW/esis/lists/e854001.htm (1253 words)

	ally - OneLook Dictionary Search
		verb: become an ally or associate, as by a treaty or marriage
		Phrases that include ally: fern ally, re ally, ally fowler, ally mcbeal, ally mccoist, more...
		Words similar to ally: confederate, friend, allied, allies, allying, affiliate, associate, compatriot, comrade, crony, helper, partner, supporter, unionize, more...
	www.onelook.com /?w=ally (233 words)

	Grow Your Garden Vocabulary III - Carolina Gardening Forum - GardenWeb
		I was able to identity the Southern Lady fern in my back yard in two ways: 1) the sori on Southern Lady fern are often J-shaped and arranged in a herringbone pattern and 2) about half of Southern lady fern have red stems.
		ferns is to look and see if they are once cut, twice cut or thrice cut(like lady ferns).
		A plant, such as a tropical orchid or a staghorn fern, that grows on another plant upon which it depends for mechanical support but not for nutrients.
	forums.gardenweb.com /forums/load/carolgard/msg121229437548.html?18 (1507 words)

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