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Topic: Hash

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Hash function

Tiger (hash)

Hash House Harriers

Hashish

Password cracking

Keystroke logging

Cryptographic key length

Cipher

L0phtCrack

Cocaine

Swastika

Brute force attack

SHA

Alcohol

Heroin

	Hash function - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A hash function or hash algorithm is a function for summarizing or probabilistically identifying data.
		Hash functions that are one-to-one are also called randomization functions, though more typical hash functions have a domain larger than their range (and are therefore not one-to-one).
		Hash functions that are truly random with uniform output (including most cryptographic hash functions) yield good performance because, on average, only one or two probes will be needed (depending on the load factor).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hash_function (1292 words)

	Cryptographic hash function - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In cryptography, a cryptographic hash function is a hash function with certain additional security properties to make it suitable for use as a primitive in various information security applications, such as authentication and message integrity.
		A typical use of a cryptographic hash would be as follows: Alice poses to Bob a tough math problem and claims she has solved it.
		Such file hashes are often the top hash of a hash list or a hash tree which allows for additional benefits.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cryptographic_hash_function (1460 words)

	Hash Functions
		Therefore, it's important that the hash function be irreversible - not only should it be nearly impossible to retrieve the original data, it must also be unfeasible to construct a data block that matches some given hash value.
		The hash value should be small enough to be manageable in further manipulations, yet large enough to prevent an attacker from randomly finding a block of data that produces the same hash.
		Since the hash function is irreversible, obtaining the hash values doesn't reveal the passwords to an attacker.
	www.freesoft.org /CIE/Topics/142.htm (713 words)

	AspEncrypt.com - Crypto 101: One-way Hash Function
		A one-way hash function, also known as a message digest, fingerprint or compression function, is a mathematical function which takes a variable-length input string and converts it into a fixed-length binary sequence.
		Furthermore, a one-way hash function is designed in such a way that it is hard to reverse the process, that is, to find a string that hashes to a given value (hence the name one-way.) A good hash function also makes it hard to find two strings that would produce the same hash value.
		Since it is computationally infeasible to produce a document that would hash to a given value or find two documents that hash to the same value, a document's hash can serve as a cryptographic equivalent of the document.
	www.aspencrypt.com /crypto101_hash.html (307 words)

	Q94: What is a Hash Function? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		A hash function H is a transformation that takes a variable-size input m and returns a fixed-size string, which is called the hash value h (that is, h = H(m)).
		Hash functions with just this property have a variety of general computational uses, but when employed in cryptography the hash functions are usually chosen to have some additional properties.
		Since hash functions are generally faster than digital signature algorithms, it is typical to compute the digital signature to some document by computing the signature on the document's hash value, which is small compared to the document itself.
	www.x5.net /faqs/crypto/q94.html (311 words)

	.:: General Purpose Hash Function Algorithms - By Arash Partow ::. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		When algorithms which contain hash functions are analyzed it is generally assumed that hash functions have a complexity of O(1), that is why look-ups for data in a hash-table are said to be of O(1) complexity, where as look-ups of data in maps (Red-Black Trees) are said to be of O(logn) complexity.
		It is a simple hash function using a strange set of possible seeds which all constitute a pattern of 31....31...31 etc, it seems to be very similar to the DJB hash function.
		An empirical result which demonstrated the distributive abilities of the hash algorithm was obtained using a hash-table with 100003 buckets, hashing The Project Gutenberg Etext of Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, the longest encountered chain length was 7, the average chain length was 2, the number of empty buckets was 4579.
	www.partow.net /programming/hashfunctions (1406 words)

	Managing Hash Clusters
		The tables in the hash cluster are primarily static in size so that you can determine the number of rows and amount of space required for the tables in the cluster.
		HASH IS clause is specified, Oracle uses an internal hash function.
		The implications for altering a hash cluster are identical to those for altering an index cluster, described in "Altering Clusters".
	www.stanford.edu /dept/itss/docs/oracle/9i/server.920/a96521/hash.htm (2197 words)

	A Brief History of the Hash House Harriers
		Hashing in Kuala Lumpur was suspended during the World War II occupation by Japanese forces, but then reestablished after peace returned.
		Former members of the original Hash House Harriers started a hash in 1947 near Milan, Italy, but it wasn't until 1962 that the next group was formed in Singapore.
		Subsequently, the hash began spreading like wildfire and the number of hashes soon climbed into the hundreds by the early 1980s.
	harrier.net /presskit/shistory.html (492 words)

	Class: Hash
		The order in which you traverse a hash by either key or value may seem arbitrary, and will generally not be in the insertion order.
		If this hash is subsequently accessed by a key that doesn’t correspond to a hash entry, the value returned depends on the style of
		Returns a new hash containing the contents of other_hash and the contents of hsh, overwriting entries in hsh with duplicate keys with those from other_hash.
	www.ruby-doc.org /core/classes/Hash.html (1861 words)

	A Hash Function for Hash Table Lookup (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		I offer you a new hash function for hash table lookup that is faster and more thorough than the one you are using now.
		Most of the two dozen old hashes I've replaced have had owners who wouldn't accept a new hash unless it was a plug-in replacement for their old hash, and was demonstrably better than the old hash.
		This is the speed assuming the hash is inlined in a loop that has to walk through all the characters anyways, such as a tokenizer.
	burtleburtle.net /bob/hash/doobs.html (2948 words)

	Perfect Hashing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Hashing 4 keys takes up to 8 instructions, three take up to 4, two take up to 2, and for one the hash is always "return 0".
		Hash values will be in 0..n-1, where n the smallest power of 2 greater or equal to the number of keys.
		If the hash is good, the probability of success depends only on the size of the ranges of A and B compared to the number of keys.
	burtleburtle.net /bob/hash/perfect.html (2077 words)

	What is hashing? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer Dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		A hash value (or simply hash), also called a message digest, is a number generated from a string of text.
		The hash is substantially smaller than the text itself, and is generated by a formula in such a way that it is extremely unlikely that some other text will produce the same hash value.
		Hashing is also a common method of accessing data records.
	www.webopedia.com /TERM/h/hashing.html (276 words)

	Maresware software for computer forensics, data analysis--program titles G-K
		Also of interest is the file HASH FAQS which provides information on the hashing algorithms, and methods of using the programs.
		Hash is designed to calculate a 32 bit CRC, 128 bit MD5 hash, 160 bit Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA1), or the SHA2 (256, 384 or 512 bit) of a file.
		Hash values of files are commonly used to verify the state of a file at a certain time.
	www.dmares.com /maresware/gk.htm (1088 words)

	Burlington, Vermont Hash House Harriers
		The hash is a cross country trail set by one or two volunteers, known as the hares.
		"Hashing" is the act of participating in the hash.
		As being the newest hash in the Greater Burlington area, we pride ourselves on having a party-like atmosphere at every hash.
	www.burlingtonhash.com (231 words)

	Hash House Harrier Information
		Hashing is an exhilaratingly fun combination of running, orienteering, and partying, where bands of harriers and harriettes chase hares on eight-to-ten kilometer-long trails through town, country, jungle, and desert, all in search of exercise, camaraderie, and good times.
		The "Hash House" was the mildly derogatory nickname given (for its unimaginative, monotonous food) to the Royal Selangor Club Chambers in Kuala Lumpur by the British civil servants and businessmen who lived and dined there between the two World Wars, when it had become something of a social center of the times.
		Hashing is one of the few social activities left where men and women don't spend 90% of their time worrying about the sexual or political implications of what they just said - or did.
	www.half-mind.com /Hashing/who.htm (11089 words)

	Programming Ruby: The Pragmatic Programmer's Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Hashes have a default value that is returned when accessing keys that do not exist in the hash.
		Equality---Two hashes are equal if they each contain the same number of keys and if each key-value pair is equal to (according to
		Returns a new array populated with the keys from this hash.
	www.rubycentral.com /book/ref_c_hash.html (1163 words)

	Hash functions.
		I then subjected all realistic sub-bit patterns of the hash output to a simple statistical test and verified that it had a distribution equivalent to a uniformly random map.
		You initialize it, by initially setting hash to some constant (like 0, or some other number if you want to avoid 0 sinking) and you keep it going by feeding the incremental output of each call into the hash parameter of each successive call.
		This is straightforward enough to do, by accepting the "hash" value as a parameter, and initializing it with some non-zero constant (since the point is to assume that the length is not available until all the data is read).
	www.azillionmonkeys.com /qed/hash.html (2097 words)

	hash function
		A fast, parameterizable, broadly applicable hash function (C) including code for and evaluations of many other hash functions.
		Arash Partow's hash functions (C, C++, Pascal, Java).
		Hash functions for strings (C) and (C and Perl).
	www.nist.gov /dads/HTML/hash.html (188 words)

	Hash Function
		A Hash Function is a Unary Function that is used by Hashed Associative Containers: it maps its argument to a result of type
		It is important for a Hash Function to minimize collisions, where a collision is defined as two different arguments that hash to the same value.
		This is why Hashed Associative Containers are parameterized by the hash function: no one hash function is best for all applications.
	www.sgi.com /tech/stl/HashFunction.html (308 words)

	16. Hash Tables
		A hash table is a Lisp object that can efficiently map a given Lisp object to another Lisp object.
		The basic functions that deal with hash tables can create entries, delete entries, and find the value that is associated with a given key.
		Also, adding a value to a hash table is a destructive operation; the hash table is modified.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /Groups/AI/html/cltl/clm/node154.html (552 words)

	Lynchburg Hashers - Seven Hills Hash House Harriers
		The chase typically concluded at a local pub, or “hash house” (named for their lackluster food), where the traditions of the Hash House Harriers began.
		The hares of the 7H4 use white flour and chalk to mark trail and the pack blows whistles and shouts “on-on” to simulate the baying of the hounds.
		The objective of the hash is to have fun, survive, catch the hares and find the finish.
	7h4hash.com (370 words)

	SparkNotes: Hash Tables: Another use of hashing: Rabin-Karp string searching
		In other words, to go from the hash of a substring in the text string to the next hash value only requires constant time.
		The nice thing about the hash function we used is that it has some properties which allow us to do this.
		These two hash values are the same, so we need to do a string comparison between "bca" and "cab".
	www.sparknotes.com /cs/searching/hashtables/section4.rhtml (1113 words)

	This is the Home Page of the Atlanta Hash House Harriers and Harrettes
		Founded in 1982, the Atlanta Hash was the first hash to hit the great state of Georgia, and we've given birth to many other chapters near and far.
		At one of our fine hashes, which generally meet each Saturday at 1:30PM, you can expect to find a somewhat challenging cross-country trail, which will be marked in biodegradable flour - you know, the stuff Grandma uses to make cookies.
		One element of hashing that doesn't get much love (compared to shiggy and down-downs, that is) is the poor li'l hash song.
	www.atlantahash.com (1087 words)

	[No title]
		You can set the hash property at any time, although it is safer to set the href property to change a location.
		If the hash that you specify cannot be found in the current location, you will get an error.
		Setting the hash property navigates to the named anchor without reloading the document.
	wp.netscape.com /eng/mozilla/3.0/handbook/javascript/ref_h-l.htm (7057 words)

	Hash
		There is no known way to reverse a hash, so if your user forgets their password, you cannot email it to them, you have to come up with another way to authenticate the user (secret questions is one good way), in order to reset the password.
		Salting the password before hashing it makes it virtually impossible to launch a successful dictionary style attack against the hashed password values stored in the database because an attacker would have to try all of the possible salt values for each hash value in their dictionary.
		I think hashing is a very good technique for making it more difficult for attackers to get data, but I've seen developers lean on this as a crutch thinking their passwords are safe.
	www.petefreitag.com /item/270.cfm (937 words)

	hash<T>
		hash is a Hash Function; it is used as the default hash function by all of the Hashed Associative Containers that are included in the STL.
		This class is an SGI extension; it is not part of the C++ standard.
		That is, the type of object that is being hashed.
	www.sgi.com /tech/stl/hash.html (183 words)

	Half-Mind Catalog: Information & Resources for Hash House Harriers
		the best point of entry for hashing seems to be www.half-mind.com.
		The Half-Mind Catalog offers a wealth of useful hashing information: a worldwide upcoming event calendar, HHH contacts, links to the best hashing websites, a discussion forum, haberdashery goodies for harriers and harriettes, interesting articles and editorials on hashing and hashers, hash humor, history, hints and how-tos, songs, and entertainment.
		Hash House Harriers Hash House Harriers Hash House Harriers Hash House Harriers Hash House Harriers Hash House Harriers Hash House Harriers Hash House Harriers Half-Mind Half-Mind Half-Mind Half-Mind Half-Mind Half-Mind _
	www.half-mind.com (195 words)

	The Old New Thing : Understanding hash codes
		For example a perfect hash can be produced for the keywords of the C programming language, but not for all of the identifiers that will be used in all of the C programs that will be written during the next 50 years.
		For instance, 100K entries in a 32-bit hash space is a density of less than 0.01%, but the chances of at least one hash collision are nearly 70%.
		There are lots of perfect hashing algorithms that don't result in the original string and do produce something considerably smaller than the original string.
	blogs.msdn.com /oldnewthing/archive/2005/08/31/458432.aspx (2041 words)

	H [Security]
		A fixed-size result obtained by applying a mathematical function (the hashing algorithm) to an arbitrary amount of data.
		An algorithm used to produce a hash value of some piece of data, such as a message or session key.
		A set of functions used to create and destroy hash objects, get or set the parameters of a hash object, and hash data and session keys.
	msdn.microsoft.com /library/en-us/secgloss/security/h_gly.asp (265 words)

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