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	Heraclitus [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Heraclitus may be saying that the Milesians correctly saw that one stuff turns into another in a series, but they incorrectly inferred from this that some one stuff is the source of everything else.
		Heraclitus' criticisms and metaphysical speculations are grounded in a physical theory.
		Heraclitus recognizes a divine unity behind the cosmos, one that is difficult to identify and perhaps impossible to separate from the processes of the cosmos:
	www.utm.edu /research/iep/h/heraclit.htm (3295 words)

	Heraclitus
		It is not surprising that Heraclitus is referred to in the history of philosophy as "the obscure one" (ho skoteinos).
		Heraclitus belonged to no "school" of philosophy, nor founded one of his own; philosophically he was insular and isolated.
		Heraclitus uses the river as a metaphor to describe the nature of all things: superficially a river may appear to be a permanent and stable entity, but closer inspection reveals that it continually changes, not being the same river from one moment to the next.
	www.abu.nb.ca /Courses/GrPhil/Heraclitus.htm (2543 words)

	Heraclitus of Ephesos
		Heraclitus is characterized in the history of philosophy as the «obscure» philosopher, because of the difficulty of his works.
		Heraclitus somewhere says that all things are in process and nothing stays still, and likening existing things to the stream of a river he says that you would not step twice into the same river.
		Heraclitus said that the soul is a spark of the essential substance of the stars.
	www2.forthnet.gr /presocratics/heracln.htm (2035 words)

	Presocratics: Heraclitus
		"The Imagery of Iampadedromia in Heraclitus." Philosophia 17-18 (1987-88), pp.
		"Heraclitus in usum delphini." Lampas 8 (1975), pp.364-393.
		Zoumpos, A. [An Observation on the So-called Fragments of Heraclitus.] Platon 23 (1981), pp.
	www.presocratics.org /heraclitus.htm (5313 words)

	The Flux and Fire Philosophy of Heraclitus
		In spite of the difficulties, Heraclitus was admired by his contemporaries for the theory of flux, which influenced many generations of philosophers after him.
		In contrast, Heraclitus said: "You cannot step into the same river twice, for fresh waters are ever flowing in upon you." This simple sentence expresses the gist of his philosophy, meaning that the river isn't actually the same at two different points in time.
		Heraclitus held that fire is the primordial element out of which everything else arises.
	www.thebigview.com /greeks/heraclitus.html (1136 words)

	Panta Rei
		Heraclitus was born somewhere between 535 and 540 B.C. in Ephesos, and died 475 B.C. Very little of his work has been preserved - what is left are dozens of quotes, or rather fragments of text that have been quoted by others.
		Heraclitus' philosophy can be captured in just two words: "panta rei", literally everything flows, meaning that everything is constantly changing, from the smallest grain of sand to the stars in the sky.
		Heraclitus was a contemporary of Pythagoras, Lao-tzu, Confucius, and Siddhartha, the Buddha; some say that the term "philosophy", love of wisdom, was first introduced by Pythagoras, who lived from approximately 580 BCE to 500 BCE.
	optionality.net /heraclitus (1175 words)

	The fragments of Heraclitus, translated by G.T.W. Patrick (1889)
		Context:--He (Heraclitus) casts discredit upon sense perception in the saying, "Eyes and ears are bad witnesses to men having rude souls." Which is equivalent to saying that it is the part of rude souls to trust to the irrational senses.
		Context:--For he (Heraclitus) says that fire is changed by the divine Reason which rules the universe, through air into moisture, which is as it were the seed of cosmic arrangement, and which he calls sea; and from this again arise the earth and the heavens and all they contain.
		Context:--And Heraclitus, better and more Homerically, naming in like manner the Bear instead of the northern circle, says, "The limits of the evening and morning are the Bear, and opposite the Bear, the bounds of bright Zeus." For the northern circle is the boundary of rising and setting, not the Bear.
	classicpersuasion.org /pw/heraclitus/herpate.htm (6733 words)

	Philosophers : Heraclitus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Heraclitus, however, is exceptional in the explicit contempt he expresses for such hallowed authorities as Homer and Hesiod, and also for the contemporary intellectuals Xenophanes, Hecataeus and Pythagoras.
		Plato and Aristotle rarely cite Heraclitus directly, but their interpretations of him, which are influenced in part by their own preconceptions, shaped the ancient tradition of Heraclitus as exponent of universal flux and of fire as the primary material.
		Interpretation of Heraclitus is further complicated by the work of his professed follower Cratylus, and still more so by the way Stoics and Pyrrhonists looked back to him as a precursor of their own philosophies.
	www.trincoll.edu /depts/phil/philo/phils/heraclitus.html (936 words)

	Heraclitus
		Heraclitus would have a profound effect on the study of epistemology, and would represent an early turning point in philosophy, for he was the first Western philosopher to go beyond physical theory in search of metaphysical foundations and moral applications.
		Heraclitus maintained the importance of empiricism, but he held that its true value was that through the senses, man could detect eternal, universal laws (Logos) the determined and bound together all of existence, including moral laws for human beings.
		Heraclitus views strife or conflict as maintaining the world: We must recognize that war is common and strife is justice, and all things happen according to strife and necessity.
	www.candleinthedark.com /heraclitus.html (2535 words)

	Heraclitus - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Heraclitus, c.535-c.475 BC, Greek philosopher of Ephesus, of noble birth.
		According to Heraclitus, there was no permanent reality except the reality of change; permanence was an illusion of the senses.
		He taught that all things carried with them their opposites, that death was potential in life, that being and not-being were part of every whole—therefore, the only possible real state was the transitional one of becoming.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-heraclit.html (252 words)

	Heraclitus on the Logos by Ziniewicz
		Heraclitus says, "One must follow what is common; but, even though the Logos is common, most people live as though they possessed their own private wisdom." (Fr.2) The common is what is open to all, what can be seen and heard by all.
		Heraclitus abuses those who do not see and hear for themselves, but rely on the report of others or the fictive power of imagination.
		Heraclitus verbally jostles the waking yet sleeping ones to make them open their eyes, to sense with insight (bright perception) the undivided sense or meaning (logos) of the cosmic process: the inseparable unity of coming and going, fire being lit and fire going out.
	www.fred.net /tzaka/logos.html (2082 words)

	Heraclitus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Heraclitus of Ephesus (Ancient Greek Ἡράκλειτος ὁ Ἐφέσιος - Herákleitos ho Ephésios (Herakleitos the Ephesian)) (about 535 - 475 BC), known as "The Obscure" (Ancient Greek ὁ Σκοτεινός - ho Skoteinós), was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher, a native of Ephesus on the coast of Asia Minor.
		Heraclitus was the first person of the western world to create a robust philosophical system.
		Heraclitus the Ephesian; Heraclitus of Ephebes; Heraclitus the Obscure; Ἡράκλειτος ὁ Ἐφέσιος - Herákleitos ho Ephésios
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Heraclitus (1270 words)

	Heraclitus: Greek materialist. Keywords: pantheism, materialism, mysticism, science and religion, Greek philosophy. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Heraclitus flourished in the Greek city of Ephesus, on the Ionian coast of what is now Turkey, at the end of the sixth century BC when the area was under Persian rule.
		Heraclitus' writings, like those of most pre-Socratics, have survived only in small fragments cited by other classical authors - and in Heraclitus's case they are even smaller and more fragmentary than usual.
		Heraclitus had an influence much broader than could be expected from his tiny corpus of sayings.
	members.aol.com /Heraklit1/heraklit.htm (1391 words)

	Heraclitus
		Heraclitus observed that opposites, such as living and dead, waking and sleeping, young and old, are connected by change: without one contrary the other would not exist.
		Heraclitus also wrote, that "the lightning steers the universe." It can also be said, that his own fragments are similar flashes of thought - "I searched within myself," he said.
		Heraclitus: The Cosmic Fragments, 1954 (by G.S. Kirk)
	www.kirjasto.sci.fi /heraclit.htm (762 words)

	Heraclitus lecture (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Heraclitus, you know, says that everything moves on and that nothing is at rest; and, comparing existing things to the flow of a river, he says that you could not step into the same river twice.
		If Heraclitus thought, as Plato suggests, that a compound object does not persist if its component parts get replaced, then he would be making the matter, rather than the orderly process of change, the logos of that object.
		Plato attributes the Doctrine of Flux to Heraclitus.
	faculty.washington.edu.cob-web.org:8888 /smcohen/320/heracli.htm (2002 words)

	"Heraclitus' Theory of the Psyche" by Christopher D. Green
		That is, what Heraclitus may have been trying to get at is that the material out of which a thing, such as a river, is comprised does not alone define its existence.
		He also believed that the truth about the world is available to all who care to apprehend it, a belief that was likely at the source of his sharp criticism of the Pythagoreans who, in their enforced secrecy, acted "as though they had a private understanding of the cosmos" (DK22 B2).
		In uncharacteristic harmony with the Pythagorean doctrine, it seems that Heraclitus also believed the psyche to be the source not only of life, but also of reason and rational control; that which interprets (or fails to) the "language" of the senses (DK22 B85), and that which is lost in the face of desire (DK22 B107).
	www.yorku.ca /christo/papers/heraclit.htm (2004 words)

	Heraclitus - Greek Philosopher - Crystalinks
		Heraclitus criticizes the mythographers Homer and Hesiod, as well as the philosophers Pythagoras and Xenophanes and the historian Hecataeus.
		Although he does not speak in detail of his political views in the extant fragments, Heraclitus seems to reflect an aristocratic disdain for the masses and favor the rule of a few wise men, for instance when he recommends that his fellow-citizens hang themselves because they have banished their most prominent leader.
		On the one hand, Heraclitus commends sense experience: "The things of which there is sight, hearing, experience, I prefer".
	www.crystalinks.com /heraclitus.html (2526 words)

	Heraclitus. Cosmos of the Greek Philosophers
		Though it is clear that he saw nothing divine neither in these practices nor their objects of worship, Heraclitus recognized something of divine nature as well as something moral, judgmental, in the cosmos.
		What Heraclitus states, no doubt, is the uncertainty of it all — life ending or not, death real or not, a puzzle impossible to solve.
		Heraclitus is vague on those grand matters, because he is uncertain, and what he can state firmly is little but the disillusioning fact that none can know any better.
	www.stenudd.com /myth/greek/heraclitus.htm (603 words)

	Greek Philosophy: Heraclitus
		Heraclitus, along with Parmenides, is probably the most significant philosopher of ancient Greece until Socrates and Plato; in fact, Heraclitus's philosophy is perhaps even more fundamental in the formation of the European mind than any other thinker in European history, including Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle.
		Heraclitus, like Parmenides, postulated a model of nature and the universe which created the foundation for all other speculation on physics and metaphysics.
		In the first clause, Heraclitus talks about anything which differs (literally, anything "pulled apart"), that is, paired opposites, such as hot-cold, summer-winter, etc. These opposites, however, can also be seen as agreeing with one another (literally, "put together"); that is, these paired opposites can be viewed as one, unified whole.
	www.wsu.edu:8080 /~dee/GREECE/HERAC.HTM (932 words)

	Heraclitus, Greece, ancient history
		Born in Ephesus (today's Turkey), Heraclitus is also called the "Weeping Philosopher" because he used to sit in Ephesos and cry over mans feebleness and foolishness.
		Heraclitus believed that the world was in a constant state of change, and his statement Ta Panta Rei ("Everything Floats") is his best known quote.
		Heraclitus also said that fire was the primordial source of matter, and he occupied himself with ethics and theology, and is also considered to ave founded the Greek metaphysics.
	www.in2greece.com /english/historymyth/history/ancient/heraclitus.htm (182 words)

	Heidegger's Reading of Heraclitus
		In countering the translation of xunovn in Heraclitus as "universal," Heidegger submits Fragment 103:xuno;n ga;r ajrch; kai; pevra§ ejpi; kuvklou.which he renders:Gathered together, the beginning and end of the circle are the same.
		Heraclitus himself points out how the hearing of mere words is insufficient to grasp the togetherness of Being; Heidegger cites Fragment 34:ajxuvnetoi ajkouvsante§ kwfoi'sin ejoivkasi: favti§ aujtoi'si marturei' pareovnta§ ajpei'nai.He translates the first clause:Those who do not bring together the permanent togetherness hear but resemble the deaf.
		Heraclitus' announcement of the togetherness of {En and Pavnta and of revealing and concealing, does not, of course, grow from putting essentially different things together afterwards, but rather from a recognition of the closeness of eveything to its other.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Delphi/9994/heidher.html (10293 words)

	Greek Philosophy and Heraclitus (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		He had a strong and long-lasting effect on Greek philosophy in the ancient period, and has been commented and discussed fervently in modern times, almost to the point of obscuring the text we are starting with.
		Heraclitus has been studied intensively and in true academic fashion has been viewed in his historical position, as a building block in the development of ancient philosophy.
		I am approaching Heraclitus in this latter manner, first because I think we have overloaded the scholarly apparatus regarding his place in history badly, and second because many of his thoughts appeal to "the Whole" as he says, and have a universal, at times modern, meaning.
	community.middlebury.edu.cob-web.org:8888 /~harris/Philosophy/Heraclitus.html (2814 words)

	Heraclitus of Ephesus
		The third idea that Aristotle attributes to Heraclitus is a doctrine of radical flux that renders it impossible to have knowledge of the sensible world and that caused others (namely, Plato and his friends) to develop a "theory of forms" to justify the possibility of knowledge in an otherwise Heraclitian world:
		According to the traditional view, Plato was aware of this doctrine of flux, but because he tended to oppose the views of Heraclitus to those of Parmenides, he confused the flux doctrine of Heraclitus with the more radical doctrine of Cratylus.
		Unlike his follower, Cratylus, Heraclitus recognized some stablity in an ever-changing cosmos that permitted him to say that "It is wise to hearken, not to me, but to my Word [Logos], and to confess that all things are one" (Fragment 1); this is a rather explicit claim of identity.
	faculty.evansville.edu /tb2/trip/heraclitus.htm (869 words)

	Greek Philosophy and Heraclitus
		Heraclitus was born at Ephesus of aristocratic parentage around 540 B.C. and lived until 475 B.C. We know almost nothing finite about his life, except that he was early known as difficult of comprehension, hence the nickname "The Dark One" or in Greek skoteinos.
		I have worked with Heraclitus for many years in the classroom, and have found many personal insights into his statements, often occurring years apart as my own ways of reasoning developed.
		At this end of time I too am searching for the Whole, and since it is in the same universe with Heraclitus, I make no apologies for introducing "modern" notions along with the words of a philosopher now some two and a half millennia old.
	community.middlebury.edu /~harris/Philosophy/Heraclitus.html (2814 words)

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