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Topic: History of Nigeria

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	Nigeria - History Of Nigeria \| Encyclopedia.com: Dictionary Of World History
		Physical Nigeria has a southward-facing coast and is bounded by Benin on the west, Niger and Chad on the north, and Cameroon on the east.
		History The earliest known culture in Nigeria was the Nok culture, which existed from about the 6th century BC to the third century AD.
		The protectorate of Northern Nigeria was proclaimed in 1900.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1O48-Nigeria.html (1817 words)

	Nigeria - MSN Encarta
		Nigeria’s defense forces, which peaked at 300,000 at the end of the civil war in 1970, had 78,500 personnel in 2004, which was still large and expensive compared to the region’s other countries.
		Nigeria is also a member of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), the World Trade Organization (WTO), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and the Nonaligned Movement (NAM).
		Nigeria achieved independence in 1960 but has since been plagued by unequal distribution of wealth and ineffective, often corrupt governments.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761557915_9/Nigeria.html (953 words)

	History of Nigeria
		In the south central part of present-day Nigeria, as early as the 15th and 16th centuries, the kingdom of Benin had developed an efficient army; an elaborate ceremonial court; and artisans whose works in ivory, wood, bronze, and brass are prized throughout the world today.
		Nigeria was granted full independence in October 1960, as a federation of three regions (northern, western, and eastern) under a constitution that provided for a parliamentary form of government.
		From the outset, Nigeria's ethnic, regional, and religious tensions were magnified by the significant disparities in economic and educational development between the south and the north.
	www.historyofnations.net /africa/nigeria.html (3062 words)

	Commonwealth Secretariat - History
		Nigeria has a long history, with its roots in early civilisations of distinguished artistry.
		Independence: Nigeria’s independence government was led by the Northern People’s Congress in alliance with the National Council of Nigerian Citizens (a largely Igbo party), with Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa as prime minister.
		Amid the many political detentions of this period, one of Nigeria’s most popular writers, Ken Saro-Wiwa, leader of the campaign against pollution of Ogoni lands and waters by the oil industry, and eight others were arrested and charged with the murder of local chiefs.
	www.thecommonwealth.org /YearbookInternal/145174/history (1608 words)

	sociology - Nigeria
		Nigeria was granted full independence in 1960, as a federation of three regions, each retaining a substantial measure of self-government.
		Nigeria is divided roughly in three by the rivers Niger and Benue, which flow through the country from north-east and north-west to meet roughly in the centre of the country near the new capital city of Abuja.
		Northern Nigeria was the location of half of all documented polio cases in 2003, but Muslim clerics have repeatedly inveighed against the vaccine as an effort by Westerners to sterilize young Nigerian Muslim girls.
	www.aboutsociology.com /sociology/Nigeria (1447 words)

	Nigeria - History
		The history of Nigeria prior to the beginnings of British administration is sparsely documented, but archaeological evidence indicates that an Iron Age culture was present sometime between 500
		Until the arrival of the British, northern Nigeria was economically oriented toward the north and east, and woven cloth and leatherwork were exported as far as the North African ports of the Mediterranean.
		Nigeria's first successful census since independence (results announced in March 1992) indicated a population of 88.5 million, some 20 million fewer than estimated.
	www.nationsencyclopedia.com /Africa/Nigeria-HISTORY.html (3403 words)

	[No title]
		In Nigeria's culturally fragmented middle belt, small groups were forcefully incorporated into larger political units and often ruled by “foreign” Fulani, who brought with them alien institutions such as Islamic law.
		The eventual compromise was the 1954 constitution, which made Nigeria a federation of three regions corresponding to the major ethnic nations.
		Nigeria held legislative and presidential elections in February and March 1999, and Obasanjo was elected president.
	www.geocities.com /njabalga/historynigeria.html (3654 words)

	Nigeria (04/08)
		Nigeria is not on track to meet its Millennium Development Goals because of a lack of policy coordination between the federal, state, and local governments, a lack of funding commitments at the state and local levels; and a lack of available staff to implement and monitor projects on health, poverty, and education.
		Nigeria has the world's second-lowest rate of immunization coverage, is the global center of transmission of wild polio virus, and has the world's second-highest maternal mortality rate.
		Nigeria's low contraceptive prevalence rate of 8.9% and high fertility rate of 5.7 children per woman drives an annual population growth rate of 3.2%, which imposes an unsustainable burden on health care delivery services that are already taxed to the limit.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/2836.htm (8311 words)

	History of Nigeria
		Nigeria was granted full independence in October 1960, as a federation of three regions (northern, western, and eastern) under a constitution that provided for a parliamentary form of government.
		Following the annulment of the June 12 election, the United States and other nations imposed various sanctions on Nigeria, including restrictions on travel by government officials and their families and suspension of arms sales and military assistance.
		In addition, direct flights between Nigeria and the United States were suspended on August 11, 1993, when the Secretary of Transportation determined that Lagos' Murtala Muhammed International Airport did not meet the security standards established by the FAA.
	infotut.com /geography/Nigeria (7201 words)

	History of Nigeria
		The kingdom of Oyo developed later, and at its height from the 17th to 19th centuries attained a high level of political organization and extended as far as modern Togo until civil war between the Yoruba cities reduced its power.
		In October 1963, Nigeria altered its relationship with the United Kingdom by proclaiming itself a Federal Republic.
		In addition, direct flights between Nigeria and the United States were suspended on August 11, 1993, when the Secretary of Transportation determined that Lagos' Murtala Mohammed International Airport did not meet the security standards established by the FAA.
	www.nigeria-planet.com /History-of-Nigeria.html (4111 words)

	NIGERIA-History (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Nigeria is a perfect example of land which has been engaged in a civil war, two sides, the same people of the same country fighting for control, on occasion, a father even fought against his son, or a young man against his brother.
		Nigeria was originally controlled by the British, and was colonized so that the British could move on to the land.
		The civil war fought in Nigeria was a long one, violent, vicious and filled with death, it was the worst fought on their common soil.
	www.beaconschool.org /~dkaen/history_nigeria.html (466 words)

	Nigeria: History - K12 Academics
		In 1901, Nigeria was made a British protectorate and remained under the control of Britain until its independence in 1960.
		Nigeria is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations.
		Despite these positive developments, problems abound in Nigeria such as endemic corruption and crime such as the 419 scams; ethnic and religious strife, particularly between Christians and Muslims in the northern half of the country, and insurgents in the oil-rich Niger Delta.
	www.k12academics.com /nigeria_history.htm (559 words)

	A short history of Nigeria
		Lagos was acquired by Britain in 1861 and orginally subordinated to Sierra Leone between 1866 and 1874 and to the Gold Coast between 1874 and 1886.
		Nigeria is a federation of three regions (northern, western, and eastern) under a constitution that provides for a parliamentary form of government.
		His regime leads to secession of the Igbo populated Eastern Region of Nigeria in 1967 as Biafra.
	www.electionworld.org /history/nigeria.htm (1072 words)

	Nigeria History
		In 1861, Nigeria was made a British colony and in 1906, land east of the Niger River was incorporated into the colony.
		Nigeria was restructured as the Nigerian Federation in 1954.
		Biafra was the region that seceded from Nigeria after rejecting a plan that divided the country into 12 states.
	www.nationbynation.com /Nigeria/History1.html (284 words)

	Welcome to Nigeria Planet.com
		Nigeria, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa and the most populous country on the African continent.
		Nigeria shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, Niger in the north, and borders the Gulf of Guinea in the south.
		Born Helen Folasade Adu in a village 50 miles from Lagos, the capitol of Nigeria, she was the daughter of an African father and an English mother.
	www.nigeria-planet.com (2019 words)

	Background Info \| Nigeria Travel Information \| Lonely Planet Destination Guide
		By 1966 the dream of a flourishing democracy was floundering amidst a series of massacres, inter-regional hostilities and, finally, a military coup that installed the first of a series of military governments.
		Given Nigeria's seesawing fortunes it was almost predictable that it would follow one of the world's worst famines with a champagne period of excessive prosperity.
		Obasanjo consolidated Nigeria's position as West Africa's political heavyweight and a key player in the Commonwealth, but the country was still beset by ethnic and religious violence, especially in Lagos, the Central Plateau and the southern oilfields.
	www.lonelyplanet.com /worldguide/destinations/africa/nigeria/essential?a=culture (896 words)

	Embassy of the Federal Republic of Nigeria
		Nigeria has the largest population of any country in Africa (about 120 million), and the greatest diversity of cultures, ways of life, cities and terrain.
		It was in Nigeria that the Bantu and SemiBantu, migrating from southern and central Africa, intermingled with the Sudanese.
		The earliest occupants of Nigeria settled in the forest belt and in the Niger Delta region.Today there are estimated to be more than 250 ethnic groups in Nigeria.
	www.nigeriaembassyusa.org /history.shtml (4242 words)

	Nigeria History \| iExplore.com
		Yet, for all its domestic difficulties, Nigeria remains the major regional power and its troops have intervened in a number of conflicts throughout West Africa during the 1990s.
		Nigeria also has commercially viable quantities of tin, coal, iron ore, zinc and some uranium, plus substantial but as yet largely untapped reserves of natural gas and coal.
		Nigeria is the dominant member of the West African economic cooperation organization, ECOWAS, as well as a leading member of the oil producers’ cartel, OPEC.
	www.iexplore.com /dmap/Nigeria/History (1520 words)

	History - Nigeria - Africa
		People have lived in what is now known as Nigeria since at least 9000 bc, and evidence indicates that since at least 5000 bc some of them have practiced settled agriculture.
		These systems changed radically with the arrival of Europeans in the late 15th century, the rise of the slave trade from the 16th through the 19th century, and formal colonization by Britain at the end of 19th century.
		Nigeria achieved independence in 1960 but has since been plagued by unequal distribution of wealth and ineffective, often corrupt governments.
	www.countriesquest.com /africa/nigeria/history.htm (137 words)

	Military History (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The presence of Germans in the Cameroons, Nigeria's closest neighbour on the eastern frontier was seen as a threat to the British colony and protectorate of Nigeria.
		Nigeria provided the greater part of the troops, her contributions being two battalions and one battery, detachments from the Medical Staff, Railway, Telegraph, and Transport.
		The contributions of Nigeria and other British dependencies to the success of British economic warfare against Germany was enormous as these dependencies busied themselves adopting their activities to the use of war, each producing what it best could supply to meet the immediate needs of the Empire.
	www2.hu-berlin.de /orient/nae/milihist.htm (4127 words)

	Total Nigeria - The History of Nigeria
		Nigeria is an amalgam of ancient Kingdoms, Caliphates, Empires and City-states with a long history of organised societies.
		In 1914, the protectorate of Northern Nigeria and the Colony and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria were merged by Sir Frederick Lugard.
		It was under the Second Military Regime (July, 1966 To July, 1975) that some of Nigeria's major development programmes were established, such as the extensive expansion and exploitation of Nigeria's mineral resources culminating in the 'Oil Boom', which in no small measure changed the economy, the taste and living standard of many Nigerians.
	www.ng.total.com /01_about_nigeria/0103_history.htm (3286 words)

	Welcome to Nigeria Tourism Development Corporation
		Between the 11th century and European colonial conquest in the late 19th century, the area in and around Nigeria was home to a number of sophisticated and influential societies.
		Nigeria came under the colonial rule of the British (United Kingdom) during the second half of the 19th century and the first decade of the 20th century.
		Nigeria has abundant physical attractions ranging from hills, waterfalls, springs, lakes and mountains across the lenght and breadth of the Country.
	www.nigeriatourism.net /about1e.html (674 words)

	nigeria
		Nigeria is the sixth-largest producer of oil in the OPEC and by far the largest in the African continent.
		Nigeria is known for the one of the most unhealthy and most disease-ridden countries in the world.
		Nigeria as the most populated country in the African continent is in the year 2002 dealing with economic, political, social and religious issues.
	www.lcsc.edu /elmartin/historybehindthenews/vellinga.htm (6806 words)

	Nigeria
		In June 1961, the northern part of the United Nations Trust Territory of British Cameroons was incorporated into Nigeria's Northern Region as the province of Sardauna, and in August 1963 a fourth region, the Mid-Western Region, was created.
		From the outset, Nigeria's ethnic, regional, and religious tensions were magnified by the disparities in economic and educational development.
		The Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria was adopted on October 1, 1963.
	www.uiowa.edu /~africart/toc/countries/Nigeria.html (385 words)

	Nigeria - History
		The modern history of Nigeria--as a political state encompassing 250 to 400 ethnic groups of widely varied cultures and modes of political organization--dates from the completion of the British conquest in 1903 and the amalgamation of northern and southern Nigeria into the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria in 1914.
		Nigerian history is fragmented in the sense that it evolved from a variety of traditions, but many of the most outstanding features of modern society reflect the strong influence of the three regionally dominant ethnic groups--the Hausa in the north, the Yoruba in the west, and the Igbo in the east.
		This history helps account for the dichotomy between north and south and for the divisions within the north that have been so strong during the colonial and postcolonial eras.
	countrystudies.us /nigeria/3.htm (637 words)

	Nigeria: History — FactMonster.com
		Gowon attempted to start Nigeria along the road to civilian government but met determined resistance from the Igbo, who were becoming increasingly fearful of their position within Nigeria.
		The latter was in part a result of the institution of Islamic law in Nigeria's northern states, and led to violence (continuing into 2004) in which an estimated 10,000 people have died since the end of military rule.
		A U.S. investigation targeted Nigeria's vice president the same year, and Obasanjo himself agreed to be investigated by the Nigerian financial crimes commission when he was accused of corruption by Orji Uzor Kalu, the governor of Abia and a target of a corruption investigation.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/world/A0860005.html (2916 words)

	Nigeria History \| globalEDGE
		He also pledged to restore prosperity to Nigeria and to return the government to civilian rule but was stymied in his attempt to deal with Nigeria's severe economic problems.
		In historic June 12, 1993 presidential elections that most observers deemed to be Nigeria's fairest, early returns indicated that wealthy Yoruba businessman M.K.O. Abiola had won a decisive victory.
		During both the Abacha and Abubakar eras, Nigeria's main decision-making organ was the exclusively military Provisional Ruling Council (PRC) which governed by decree.
	globaledge.msu.edu /countryInsights/history.asp?countryID=121®ionID=5 (2711 words)

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