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Topic: History of Russia

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	History & Culture of Russia / Overview
		Next year, the city of Moscow is celebrating its 850th Anniversary, a celebration that will mark the recovery, as well as the commemoration, of its glorious past.
		For most western visitors, the bulk of Russia's history is nothing more than a compendium of hazy legends and sensationalist rumors--from scurrilous stories about Catherine the Great to tabloid television reports of the miraculous survival of the children of Nicholas II.
		However, the factual history of the country is no less compelling than its fabulous history, and even a brief introduction to the great and not-so-great figures of its past make a visit far more rewarding.
	www.geographia.com /russia/rushis01.htm (216 words)

	History of Russia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Khazar khanate was situated in the Northern Volga basin, in the Northern Caucasus, and on the shores of the Azov Sea from the middle of the 7th through the end of the 10th century.
		Christianity was adopted as the state religion of Russia around 988 A. The republic of Novgorod, the principalities of Vladimir and Suzdal, of Galich and Volyn', and others existed from the 12th to 14th centuries.
		In the 13th century Russian principalities and Bulgaria of the Volga and the Kama were invaded by Tataro-Mongolians (1237-42) and attacked by Swedes and Germans (the battle on the Neva river of 1240, and the Battle on the Ice, 1242).
	traveltorussia.biz /russia/history.html (844 words)

	History of Russia
		Ivan III (1462-1505) was able to refer to his empire as "the Third Rome" and heir to the Byzantine tradition, and a century later the Romanov dynasty was established under Tsar Mikhail in 1613.
		During her reign (1762-96), power was centralized in the monarchy, and administrative reforms concentrated great wealth and privilege in the hands of the Russian nobility.
		Imperial decline was evident in Russia's defeat in the unpopular Russo-Japanese war in 1905.
	www.historyofnations.net /europe/russia.html (1448 words)

	Russia History. Information about Russia.
		Kievan Russia struggled on into the 13th century but was decisively destroyed by the arrival of a new invader, the Mongols.
		Invasions of Russia at that time were conducted from the west as well, by the Swedes (1240) and then by the Livonian knights (1242), a regional branch of Teutonic Union.
		Certainly he modernized Russia's military and its administrative structure, but both of these reforms were financed at the expense of the peasantry, who were increasingly forced into serfdom.
	www.visitrussia.com /guide/history.htm (3121 words)

	History of Russia - OpenWiki
		The largest country in the world, Russia originated from the principality of Muscovy in the 14th century, and expanded tremendously throughout the following centuries; by the early 20th century encompassing Finland, Eastern Poland (including Warsaw), and the Eastern portions of present-day Hungary, Romania, and Czechoslovakia.
		From this relationship between landowner and peasant was born the kulak, who imposed on the peasantry a tax to use their pasture.
		In the year 2000 the population of Russia was 146 million people (a decrease of 1.6 million since 1990), and is catastrophically falling: by the year 2050 Russia's population could be as low as 102 million people; a decline of one-third.
	www.infoshop.org /wiki/index.php/History_of_Russia (911 words)

	A capsule history of Russia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Russian history is conventionally said to have begun with the arrival of the Norsemen, or Varangians, in the region of what is now European Russia in the 9th century.
		Nicholas' reign was nothing short of disastrous, as Russia was defeated by Japan in 1904 and the régime collapsed altogether in 1917.
		However, with Russia losing the war and the authority of the provisional government challenged by ad hoc urban soviets or councils, it became obvious that it was not in control of events.
	www.redeemer.on.ca /academics/polisci/Russian_history.html (5786 words)

	History of Russia
		Illustrated history of Russia and the Former USSR.(C) Copyright 1995, RUSphoto
		Illustrated history of Russia and the Former USSR
		History and Culture of Russia / The Mongols
	members.aol.com /TeacherNet/Russia.html (0 words)

	The Cambridge History of Russia 3 Volume Set - Cambridge University Press
		This is a definitive new history of Russia from early Rus' to the successor states that emerged after the collapse of the Soviet Union.
		Volume I encompasses developments before the reign of Peter I; volume II covers the ‘imperial era’, from Peter's time to the fall of the monarchy in March 1917; and volume III continues the story through to the end of the twentieth century.
		At the core of all three volumes are the Russians, the lands which they have inhabited and the polities that ruled them while other peoples and territories have also been given generous coverage for the periods when they came under Riurikid, Romanov and Soviet rule.
	www.cambridge.org /uk/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521861942 (272 words)

	Illustrated history of Russia and the Former USSR.(C) Copyright 1995, RUSphoto
		Chronology, the illustrated history of Russian Navy (from 1696) and many other documents and pictures are provided at the exhibition devoted to 300th Anniversary of Russian Navy.
		Illustrated history of the state and church in Russian America from the Alaskan Russian Church Archive (XIX century).
		A comprehensive history of the Jews of Russia from the first settlements to the present.
	www.friends-partners.org /oldfriends/mes/russia/history.html (860 words)

	Russian Bride Guide. HISTORY OF RUSSIA
		If you want to come to Russia, your main consideration might be the weather, because there's always something happening in cities, multitude of outdoor activities for any time of the year and there are not so many tourists yet, so don't worry about tourist crowds.
		Minor Moscow Princedom was doomed to head the struggle against The Golden Horde in the middle of XIII century, then, oppose the Lithuanian threat in the Eastern Europe, overcome feudal division of Russia and became a dominant political power.
		In the reign of Alexey Mikhailovich Romanov (the second Tsar of the dynasty), in the middle of XVII century, a national liberation war under the command of Bogdan Khmelnitsky was waged in Ukraine against Polish dominion.
	www.russianbrideguide.com /about_russia/history (869 words)

	History of Russia
		As Russia was bogged down in civil war, the frontiers between Poland and Russia were not clearly defined by the postwar Treaty of Versailles and were further rendered chaotic by the civil war.
		The history of Russia between 1922 and 1991 is essentially the history of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics or Soviet Union.
		Russia had suffered three devastating Western onslaughts in the previous 150 years during the Napoleonic Wars, the First World War, and the Second World War, and Stalin's goal was to establish a buffer zone of states between Germany and the Soviet Union.
	www.stranslation.com /Russian_Translation/history_of_russia.htm (9326 words)

	Brief History of Russia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Russia was beset on the northwest by the Swedes and the German Livonian Brothers of the Sword, in the west by Lithuania, and in the south by the Petchenegs, who were replaced by the Polovetzy.
		Nevertheless, when the fl legend of Russia 's history is told as incontrovertible, it should be said that it was Tsarist Russia that engendered the matrix of educated classes in which talent and genius was able to flourish in the arts and in science.
		However, Russia 's population is descending and the UN estimates that by 2050 it might be down to just over 104 million, a loss of some 41 million, the highest of any of the country's with net negative population growth.
	www.worldhistoryplus.com /history/r/Russia_brief.htm (18175 words)

	A short history of Russia
		The south-west part of present-day Russia is populated for long times by Scythian tribes.
		Russia expands during the centuries and includes areas between the Baltic Sea and the Pacific Ocean as well as Central Asia.
		After the resignation of Gorbačev in 1991 the USSR is dissolved and Russia as the Russian Federation becomes its largest successor state, inheriting its permanent seat on the UN Security Council.
	www.electionworld.org /history/russia.htm (1034 words)

	History of Russia, Famous Russians, Nobel Laureates -- WayToRussia.Net Guide to Russia
		The full course of the Russian history in our universities lasts at least a year comparing with a single webpage on our site – it is impossible to publish here the complete history of Russia.
		The only chance for Russia to get rid of their influence was to get access to Baltic sea, establish port there and acquire the direct link to Western Europe.
		Despite that Russia managed to sign a beneficial peace treaty (we had to pay a contribution and lost almost no territories), the consequences of the war were hard to underestimate.
	www.waytorussia.net /WhatIsRussia/History.html (2422 words)

	Russian military history, Soviet military history, military history of Russia, Russian war history on RussiansAbroad.com
		For the first time, under Peter the armed forces were staffed by recruits from the peasantry, whose twenty-five-year obligation made them professional soldiers and sailors devoted to service because they had been liberated from serfdom--together with all their offspring--in the bargain.
		In the second half of the century, Russia waged a series of military campaigns to conquer the khanates of Central Asia, extending the empire and providing a domestic supply of cotton.
		Despite those failures, it was growing dissatisfaction on the home front that ultimately undermined Russia's military effort in World War I. Under the direct command of the tsar, the army actually performed quite well in 1916, but by 1917 the war effort had crippled civilian society and readied Russia for the overthrow of the tsar.
	www.russiansabroad.com /russian_history_321.html (1598 words)

	SurfWax: News, Reviews and Articles On History of Russia
		He is well versed in the economic history of Russia, from its Soviet years, to Gorbachev's Perestroika, Yeltsin's anti-communism and Vladimir Putin's current plans for reform.
		Three of four photos on the cover of History of Russia and the World in the 20th Century carry Soviet propaganda images: Moscow's soaring "Worker and Collective Farm Girl" statue, a poster reading "The Motherland is Calling" and the Soyuz-Apollo space docking.
		Three of four photos on the cover of "History of Russia and the World in the 20th Century" carry images of Soviet propaganda: Moscow's soaring statue called "Worker and Collective Farm Girl," a poster reading "The Motherland Is Calling," and the Soyuz-Apollo space...
	news.surfwax.com /history/files/History_of_Russia.html (1967 words)

	History House: Russia's Dark Enlightenment
		Russia tried hard to keep up with these new sensibilities but unfortunately managed to pick up only the expensive furniture and the habit of throwing orgies while leaving the finer philosophical points of this "best of all possible worlds" way back in Versailles.
		But all good things must come to an end; his eventual return accompanied his decision that an uneducated Russia with peasant sensibilities and a medieval way of life was not for him.
		The Russia of Catherine was a Russia of squalor and wasted finery.
	www.historyhouse.com /in_history/russian_enlightenment (1366 words)

	Tsuyoshi Hasegawa
		History 135C: History of Russia from 1917 to the Present.
		History 201E: Advanced Reading of Modern Russian/Soviet History The purpose of this course is to help students to familiarize with basic literature on modern Russian and Soviet history, from 1861 to 1953.
		Topics to be covered include: social and political stability of Russia in late imperial Russia; reform and revolution, impact of World War I, the Russian Revolution and the Civil War, NEP, Stalin's Revolution from Above, World War II and the Cold War.
	www.history.ucsb.edu /faculty/hasegawa.htm (792 words)

	A History of Russia: Current Amazon U.S.A. One-Edition Data
		Widely acclaimed as the best one-volume survey text available, A History of Russia presents the whole span of Russia's history, from the origins of the Kievan state and the building of an empire, to Soviet Russia, the successor states, and beyond.
		Examining contemporary issues such as the rise of Yeltsin, the nationalities question, and Russia's attempts to market capitalism, this sixth edition takes the study of Russia straight into the new millennium, continuing A History of Russia's nearly forty-year track record as the leader in the field.
		He explores a Russia that is fluid and transitional and full of possibilities and examines Russia's chance of becoming a more solid and stable country in the near future.
	www.halloween.com /halloween-books/free.php?in=us&asin=0195121791 (654 words)

	HistoryWiz: Russia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Russia and Eastern Europe Chronology North Park University - a chronology of Russian and Eastern European history 4000 BC to present
		Images From Russian History - The collection of pictures was compiled in 1908-1913 for an edition of "Pictures of Russian History" published by I.N. Knebel (1854-1926) in Moscow.
		Illustrated History of Russia and the USSR pictures pertaining to Russian historical heritage and photos witnessing recent events in Russia
	www.historywiz.com /russia.htm (580 words)

	Russia, Business, Economy - JRL 10-24-06 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		He criticized Russia's political elite, saying they have no economic strategy and are creating an uncertain investment climate, while at the same time noting that Russia's economic indicators show growth, a strong ruble, and a positive balance of trade with the United States.
		For most of Russia's history, its leaders have had a similar "mentality," saying they valued "the power of the territory," and have been consumed with preventing the disintegration of Russia.
		Kvint went on to note that Russia's leaders see their country as the Third Rome, and are part of a very hierarchical social structure in which one's superior is always right.
	www.cdi.org /russia/johnson/2006-237-26.cfm (594 words)

	Russia: History — Infoplease.com
		Primakov acted as a stabilizing influence, avoiding economic disaster in the wake of Russia's Aug., 1998, financial crisis, but his increasing popularity and his public support for the Communists in his government even as their party was mounting an impeachment of Yeltsin in the Duma led to his firing in May, 1999.
		Russia did, however, resist the idea of resorting to military intervention in Iraq in order to eliminate weapons of mass destruction, and as the United States pressed in 2003 for a Security Council resolution supporting the use of force, Russia joined France in vowing to veto such a resolution.
		Russia's reputation suffered internationally, however, in late 2004 when it threw its support behind government candidates in Ukraine and the Georgian region of Abkhazia; in both elections, the candidates Moscow opposed ultimately succeeded despite strong resistance on the part of the existing governments to change.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/world/A0860838.html (4597 words)

	Russia history of russia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		When you're in the hunt for excellent advice about history of russia, it will be tricky separating superior advice from inexpert history of russia suggestions and advice so it is important to recognize how to qualify the information you are often given.
		A great tip to follow when you're presented with information or advice on a history of russia article would be to determine who owns the site.
		Doing this could reveal the owners history of russia authorizations The quickest way to work out who owns the history of russia website is to look on the 'contact' page or 'about this site' information.
	www.europe-now.com /russia/history-of-russia.htm (237 words)

	Amazon.com: A History of Russia: Combined Volume: Books: Nicholas V. Riasanovsky,Mark Steinberg (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Riasanovsky's History of Russia has defined the market and set a standard for accurate, balanced interpretation, and attention to political, social, and cultural history and international relations.
		I was very excited to get a history of Russia, especially concerning the earlier periods, as I enjoy reading history and had just finished a good work on medieval Europe (@400 AD - 1200 AD).
		Covering the history of this land and its peoples from its origins at Kiev to the fall of the Soviet Union, this book is probably the ultimate text for those not familiar with this topic and want to learn about it.
	www.amazon.com /History-Russia-Combined-Nicholas-Riasanovsky/dp/0195153944 (2121 words)

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