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Topic: Incandescent lamp

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	Ban Incandescent Lamps?
		Incandescent lamps are inefficient, typically over 95% of all energy consumed is converted into heat - not light.
		The constituent materials in a standard incandescent lamp are all used in small quantities, and nothing is toxic by normal definitions.
		Incandescent lamps are often dimmed to very low power levels for extended periods (while watching TV for example), so their power usage will be perhaps 20% of the rated power, in some cases even less.
	sound.westhost.com /articles/incandescent.htm (17149 words)

	Incandescent lamps (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Incandescent lamps are classic thermal radiators in which electricity flows through a tungsten wire in an enclosed glass bulb filled with a vacuum or inert gas, heating it to approximately 2600 to 3000 K and making it glow.
		A reduction in lamp life is a consequence of the rapid increase in the rate of vaporization of the tungsten atoms as the temperature rises; this process not only produces a fl coating on the bulb but also ultimately causes the filament to break.
		The luminous efficacy of incandescent lamps in the 25 to 1000 W range is between about 9 and 19lm/W for lamps with an average life of 1000 h.
	www.paclamp.com /incandescent_lamps.htm (236 words)

	Incandescent lamp - Patent 4296352
		An incandescent lamp filament as in claim 1 wherein the vapor deposited undoped tungsten crystals are of smaller size than the doped tungsten crystals as well as having a preferred crystallographic orientation transverse to the filament longitudinal axis.
		An incandescent lamp as in claim 10 wherein the vapor deposited undoped tungsten crystals are of smaller size than the doped tungsten crystals as well as having a preferred crystallographic orientation transverse to the filament longitudinal axis.
		The particular tungsten crystalline structure of the improved incandescent lamp filament comprises an inner core of doped tungsten crystals exhibiting the sag-resistant grain structure and a surface layer of chemically vapor deposited undoped tungsten crystals which impart increased vibration damping and lower shear modulus values at elevated temperatures to the composite lamp filament.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4296352.html (1988 words)

	Incandescent Lighting
		The popularity of the incandescent lamp is due to the simplicity with which it can be used and the low price of both the lamp and the fixture.
		Incandescent lamps produce light when an electric current passes through their metal filaments heating it to the point it glows.
		The rated life of an incandescent lamp is determined by operating a fixed number of lamps at standard voltage until 50% burn out.
	blueridgeemc.apogee.net /res/relinca.asp (552 words)

	Current inverter for an incandescent lamp in a car radio - Patent 5126914
		A lamp power control circuit for electric equipment which has a power supply, supplies power to incandescent lamps fitted to operating parts of electric equipment and is provided with a current-direction inverter unit.
		Consequently the effect of electromigration on filaments of incandescent lamps is decreased and occurrence of the notching is reduced, thus extending the life of lamps.
		Therefore, the lamps L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 are arranged in serial connection between the drains of the MOS transistors 10 and 11 and drains of the MOS transistors 12 and 13.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5126914.html (2405 words)

	What are the important performance characteristics of MR16 lamps? \| MR16 Lamps \| Lighting Answers \| NLPIP
		An incandescent filament or electric discharge lamp in which the sides of the outer blown-glass bulb are coated with a reflecting material so as to direct the light.
		Lamp lumen depreciation factor (LLD) is commonly used as a multiplier to the initial lumen rating in illuminance calculations to compensate for the lumen depreciation.
		The CCT of MR16 lamps is higher than that of general incandescent lamps because their filament temperature is higher due to a more compact filament size made for low-voltage use.
	www.lrc.rpi.edu /programs/nlpip/lightingAnswers/mr16/performance.asp (2089 words)

	Lighting Fixtures and Lamps for the Aviary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The light from a Warm White fluorescent lamp is similar in color to the light from a flbody temperature of approximately 3000K, and the lamp is accordingly said to have a color temperature of 3000K.
		Double, triple and quad twin-tube lamps with integral ballast in the lamp base in addition to twin-tube and double twin-tube lamps utilizing plug-in adapters with built-in ballast's are available for replacement in medium-base incandescent fixtures where general service incandescent lamps ranging in size from 25 to 100 watts are installed.
		A fluorescent lamp darkens rather uniformly throughout the length of the tube during life, though this is not noticed unless an old lamp is compared with a new one side by side.
	www2.upatsix.com /asc/lamps.htm (3200 words)

	EIA - Energy Glossary - I
		Incandescent lamp: A glass enclosure in which light is produced when a tungsten filament is electrically heated so that it glows.
		Incandescent light bulbs, including regular or energy-efficient light bulbs: An incandescent bulb is a type of electric light in which light is produced by a filament heated by electric current.
		Halogen lamps are a special type of incandescent lamp containing halogen gas to produce a brighter, whiter light than standard incandescent.
	www.eia.doe.gov /glossary/glossary_i.htm (3694 words)

	How Things Work - Incandescent Light Bulbs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Incidentally, the filament in many incandescent bulbs is treated with a small amount of a phosphorus-based "getter" that reacts with any residual oxygen that may be in the bulb the first time the filament becomes hot.
		Incandescent light is the thermal radiation emitted by a hot object such as the filament of a light bulb or the surface of the sun.
		The aluminosilicate glass used in the lamp's envelope would be weakened when these salts are baked into the glass during the lamp's operation and the greases would scorch and darken the bulb's surface.
	howthingswork.virginia.edu /incandescent_light_bulbs.html (8053 words)

	Lighting Design Lab Articles - Archived Articles - Restaurant Lighting
		Additionally, the incandescent lamp will need to be relamped eight times in the first year while the first compact fluorescent lamp will still be operating.
		The pendant incandescent luminaires may need to be retrofitted with screw-in compact fluorescent lamps if the specific style of the luminaire is important to the decor.
		Sense the lamp is close to the patron, use a CFL lamp with a shade to diffuse and soften the lamp image.
	www.lightingdesignlab.com /commercial/articles/Restaurant.htm (902 words)

	Incandescent light bulb - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Incandescent bulbs are also called electric lamps, extending the use of a term applied to the original arc lamps, and in Australia and South Africa they are also called light globes or more commonly light bulbs.
		Incandescent light bulbs consist of a glass enclosure (the "envelope, or bulb") whichthe bulb with an inert gas reduces evaporation of the filament and reduces the required strength of the glass.
		The incandescent lamp is still widely used in domestic applications, and is the basis of most portable lighting, such as table lamps, some car headlamps and electric flashlights.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Incandescent_lamp (5463 words)

	Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Physics of Light and Color - Incandescent Lamp Filaments: Interactive Java ...
		Standard incandescent lamps, derived directly from the early models of the 1800s, now commonly utilize a tungsten filament in an inert gas atmosphere, and produce light through the resistive effect that occurs when the filament temperature increases as electrical current is passed through.
		In an actual incandescent lamp, the filament becomes very hot from resistance to the movement of the electrons, and the light produced is accompanied by a significant amount of heat generation.
		For conventional incandescent lamps, the excitation relies upon the heating and vibrational motion that may excite bound electrons temporarily to higher energy levels.
	micro.magnet.fsu.edu /primer/java/lightsources/filament/index.html (1041 words)

	Why are light bulbs & lamps colored? (incandescence)
		The "Brush arc lamp" from GE accomplished this "spacing" issue, and became commercially successful by the late 1870s ushering in the era of electric light.
		Incandescent lamps make light by using electricity to heat a thin strip of material (called filament) so hot that it glows.
		These 1878 lamps are examples of less successful versions of the incandescent lamp patented by other inventors before Edison completed his practical lamp in 1879.
	webexhibits.org /causesofcolor/3.html (648 words)

	Compact Fluorescent Lamps
		Preheat ballasts heat the lamp electrodes for several seconds before a starter switch allows a voltage of 200 to 300 volts to be applied across the lamp.
		Incandescent lamps may be economical where lights are only occasionally turned on, such as in closets or utility rooms.
		Halogen units are a type of incandescent lamp that provides a small boost in lamp life and efficacy compared to standard incandescent lamps.
	www.mge.com /business/saving/madison/PA_2.html (1676 words)

	incandescent, incandescent light bulb, incandescent lamp, incandescent light, incandescent bulb, incandecsnt light ...
		Incandescent lamps produce light by heating a filament.
		Halogen bulbs are technically incandescent light bulbs - illumination is produced in both when a tungsten filament is heated sufficiently to emit light or "incandescence." The difference between the two is in the composition of the glass envelope and the gas inside the envelope.
		This process requires incandescent bulb filaments to be heated less than optimally to give the bulb a reasonable life.
	www.topbulb.com /find/incandescent.asp_Q_REF_E_5042 (611 words)

	History of The Incandescent Lamp
		Scientists and Inventors both tried to develope a practicle Incandescent Lamp (Light Bulb) while it is said that Thomas A. Edisonwas the "true" inventor of the Electric Light Bulb.The actual idea existed before Edison was born.
		The lamp and sockets used were quite crude, the lamp sitting loosely in the socket.
		For two years the lamps were made at this factory with little machinery, before the new plant oppened in Harrison, NJ in 1882.
	www.angelfire.com /pe/pixhost/history.html (506 words)

	Incandescent Lights
		As noted in the precursor article on incandescent lighting, most of the output of incandescent is loaded into the infrared portion of the spectrum.
		Thus, the majority of the output of the conventional incandescent lamp is in the lower, yellow to red segment of the visible spectrum.
		Heat lamps are high-wattage floodlamp systems which have a red filter medium over the face of the unit, combined with a reflector surface on the housing of the envelope.
	users.mikrotec.com /~pthrush/lighting/glow.html (961 words)

	SUMMIT.com -- Guide To Flourescent Lamp Ballasts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		It is the ratio of light output produced by lamps operating on a commercial ballast versus the light output of the same lamps operating on a laboratory reference ballast specified to ANSI standards for a given lamp type.
		Most lamp manufacturers require a crest factor of 1.7 or less on electronic ballasts in order for the lamp to be warrantied properly for its rated life.
		While many fluorescent lamps and fluorescent lamp ballasts are designed to give their best performance at 25° C, they will provide reasonably good light output down to 10° C (50° F) for standard lamps and 1 6° C (60° F) for energy saving lamps.
	www.summit.com /toolbox/techinfo/techdocs/lamp-ballasts.asp (6559 words)

	Incandescent and Arc Lamps (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		For double ended lamps with long filaments, the rest of the filament may current limit the arc and as the lamp continues to emit light, the gap increases.
		ALL electric incandescent lamps are manufactured with tungsten wires and filaments and no incandescent material with better properties has ever been found.
		Household lamps (tungsten filaments) have a luminous efficacy of 14-15 lm/W and color temperature of 2900 degrees Kelvin.
	vsg.cape.com /~pbaum/lamp.htm (746 words)

	DOE Building Technologies Program: Incandescent Lamps
		A standard incandescent lamp consists of a fairly large, thin, frosted glass envelope.
		At the center of the lamp is a tungsten filament.
		Another type of incandescent lamp is the halogen lamp.
	www.eere.energy.gov /buildings/info/components/lighting/lamps/incandescentlamps.html (278 words)

	The Great Internet Light Bulb Book, Part I
		It is widely regarded that Thomas Alva Edison invented the first reasonably practical incandescent lamp, using a carbon filament in a bulb containing a vacuum.
		There were earlier incandescent lamps, such as one by Heinrich Goebel made with a carbon filament in 1854.
		This incandescent lamp had a carbonized bamboo filament and was mentioned as lasting up to 400 hours.
	members.misty.com /don/bulb1.html (4592 words)

	Incandescent Lighting (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The incandescent light bulb is one of the marvels of civilization.
		The Note explains how incandescent lighting works, why it is not efficient, the color spectrum of incandescent lamps, and the color rendering (CRI) of incandescent lamps.
		The characteristics of incandescent lamps are determined largely by the filament temperature.
	www.energybooks.com /toc/toc1154.htm (274 words)

	General Electric : Edison produced the first commercially practical incandescent lamp. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The practical incandescent, electric light bulb is celebrating its 125th anniversary.
		Edison's eventual achievement was inventing not only an incandescent electric light, but also an electric lighting system that contained all the elements necessary to make the incandescent light, practical, safe and economical.
		In 1880, Edison was granted his main lamp patent, no. 223,898, on January 27, covering the fundamental features of the carbon filament lamp.
	www.ge.com /stories/en/20278.html?category=Product_Home (630 words)

	Regenerative-cycle incandescent lamp containing SnI₄ additive (US4065694)
		The quality and useful life of regenerative-cycle type incandescent lamps that employ iodine as the halogen are enhanced by dosing the lamps with a carefully controlled amount of SnI
		The undesirable light-absorption and color distortion effects characteristic of conventional iodine-dosed lamps are also reduced, thus increasing the lamp efficiency.
		A regenerative-cycle incandescent lamp of elongated configuration that is adapted to be operated at a selected wattage and have a nominal design life in excess of 1000 hours when operated at said wattage, said lamp comprising;
	www.delphion.com /details?pn=US04065694__ (342 words)

	The First True Incandescent Light Bulb
		Unfortunately, Swan didn't have a strong enough vacuum or sufficiently powerful batteries and his prototype didn't achieve complete incandescence, so he turned his attentions to other pursuits.
		nugget of trivia, the term "limelight" comes from the incandescent light produced by a rod of lime bathed in a flame of oxygen and hydrogen.
		At the time it was invented, limelight was the brightest source of artificial light known.
	www.maxmon.com /1878ad.htm (400 words)

	Lighting A Revolution: Thomas Edison's Incandescent Lamp Patent (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The object of this invention is to produce electric lamps giving light by incandescence, which lamps shall have high resistance, so as to allow of the practical subdivision of the electric light."
		As Edison noted in the patent, "I have carbonized and used cotton and linen thread, wood splints, papers coiled in various ways, also lamp fl, plumbago, and carbon in various forms, mixed with tar and rolled out into wires of various lengths and diameters." Most of these materials could be coiled prior to baking.
		His demonstration lamps of late December used bristol-board filaments cut in a single arch, horse-shoe shape.
	americanhistory.si.edu /lighting/history/patents/ed_inc.htm (359 words)

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