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Topic: International broadcasting

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	International broadcasting - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		International broadcasting is broadcasting deliberately aimed at a foreign, rather than a domestic, audience.
		Broadcasting in South Asia was launched in 1925 in Ceylon - Radio Ceylon, now the Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation is the oldest in the region.
		An international broadcaster may use a local mediumwave or FM radio or television relay station in the target country or countries.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/International_broadcasting (2089 words)

	IBB Fact Sheet
		The Broadcasting Board of Governors supervises the operations of the three federally funded broadcast elements of the International Broadcasting Bureau.
		It requires VOA broadcasts to be accurate, objective, and comprehensive; to represent all segments of American society and to present a balanced and comprehensive view of significant American thought and institutions; and to clearly present the policies of the United States.
		The Office of Policy within the International Broadcasting Bureau upholds the third element of the VOA Charter, to “present the policies of the United States clearly and effectively,” and to “present responsible discussions and opinion on these policies.” Its staff writes the U.S. Government editorials heard daily on all VOA broadcasts.
	www.ibb.gov /ibbfact.html (941 words)

	GAO-04-627T, U.S. International Broadcasting: Challenges Facing the Broadcasting Board of Governors
		Recent Board initiatives such as Radio Sawa broadcasts to the Middle East and Radio Farda broadcasts to Iran illustrate the Board's willingness both to serve as the content manager for U.S. international broadcasting and to adopt a market-based approach designed to attract large listening audiences.
		For example, the Board notes that Radio Sawa is now the number one international broadcaster in the Middle East, with a weekly audience of over 30 percent of the target audience in countries where it is broadcast on FM.
		Broadcaster Credibility: In response to our recommendation for a measure of broadcaster credibility to identify whether target audiences believe what they hear, the Board added such a measure to its performance management system.
	www.gao.gov /htext/d04627t.html (4389 words)

	BBG - Broadcasting Board of Governors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The VOA Charter (Public Law 94-350) requires that broadcasts (1) be accurate, objective, and comprehensive; (2) represent all segments of American society and present a balanced and comprehensive view of significant American thought and institutions; and (3) clearly present the policies of the United States.
		All RFE/ RL broadcasts are also streamed live and on-demand over the Internet; audio, video and text in English and the broadcast languages is available from its website, http://www.rferl.org.
		The International Broadcasting Bureau (IBB) is composed of the Voice of America (VOA), the Office of Cuba Broadcasting (OCB), and 12 support offices, including the Office of Engineering and Technical Services and the Office of Marketing and Program Placement.
	www.bbg.gov /bbg_aboutus.cfm (934 words)

	International Radio Broadcasters
		InfoRadio - Broadcasts for people from the eastern part of the Dutch province of Noord-Brabant who are on holiday in Europe, every week half an hour via shortwave in the summer of 2000.
		Lithuanian Radio and Television - Broadcasts to Western Europe on AM/FM and shortwave 9710 kHz, to Russia on shortwave on 9555 kHz, and to North America on shortwave on 9855 kHz.
		National Association of Shortwave Broadcasters - A national organization representing the interests of FCC licensed broadcasters in the private sector of the U.S International Shortwave Broadcast community.
	www.ability.org.uk /international_radio_broadcasters.html (2217 words)

	International radio makes new waves.
		In a deregulated audiovisual landscape, the first move for all broadcasters was to strike up partnerships with FM stations around the world for rebroadcast of their programmes, or to acquire FM transmitters to set up local frequencies, a more expensive option.
		Broadcasting in local languages is one of the keys to reaching new audiences.
		All broadcasters are also keeping a close watch on Worldspace—direct reception via satellite on individual dishes allowing for an exceptional quality—and the imminent digitalization of short wave, which is likely to give this medium a new lease on life.
	www.unesco.org /courier/1999_12/uk/connex/txt1.htm (2155 words)

	FCC HF Broadcasting
		The application procedure for an international broadcasting station is described in Subpart D, Part 1, of the FCC Rules and Regulations [47 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)].
		The rules pertaining to the requirements and procedures for establishing an international broadcasting station are found in Sections 73.701 - 73.788, Subpart F, Part 73 of the FCC Rules.
		It should be noted that an international broadcasting station is intended for broadcasting to a foreign country and is not intended for broadcasting solely to the United States.
	www.fcc.gov /ib/sand/neg/hf_web/appinfo.html (801 words)

	Huge changes under way in international broadcasting - 17-05-2004 - Radio Prague
		Last week radio and television broadcasters from across the world - from China to the United States - gathered in Prague to discuss the future of international broadcasting.
		This was the third annual conference of the Association of International Broadcasters.
		It needs to be adopted by domestic broadcasters, both in the commercial and public services, and also by international broadcasters.
	www.radio.cz /en/issue/53972 (1763 words)

	ABA \| Licences & planning > Broadcasting licences > Types of licence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The ABA may make declarations that allow international broadcasting licences and related transmitter licences to be held by different persons.
		If a Nominated Broadcaster Declaration (NBD) is in force, the international broadcasting licence may be issued to a company that is not an Australian company so long as the transmitter licence is held by an Australian company.
		In allocating an international broadcasting licence, the ABA must, under section 121FB of the Act, provide a report to the Minister for Foreign Affairs about whether the proposed international broadcasting service complies with the Guidelines.
	www.aba.gov.au /licplan/broadcasting/types/international.shtml (389 words)

	BBG - Broadcasting Board of Governors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The BBG is the new home of all U.S. government and government-sponsored international broadcasting services.
		The mission of U.S. international broadcasting is to promote the open communication of information and ideas, in support of democracy, and the freedom to seek, receive, and impart information, worldwide.
		It plays an important part in the broad support of democracy and the open exchange of accurate and objective news and ideas in countries and regions of the world where, because of geographic, developmental, or political reasons, there is a dearth of free and open information.
	www.bbg.gov /mission.cfm (210 words)

	IBB - International Broadcasting Bureau
		Under the supervision of the Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG), the International Broadcasting Bureau (IBB) provides the administrative and engineering support for U.S. government-funded non-military international broadcast services.
		Broadcast elements include the Voice of America (VOA), Radio Sawa, and Radio and TV Martí (Office of Cuba Broadcasting).
		The IBB was formed in 1994 by the International Broadcasting Act, which also created a nine-member, bipartisan Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG).
	www.ibb.gov (116 words)

	Seeking new wavelengths for radio - Technology - International Herald Tribune
		One hundred years after the first crackly broadcast of a human voice from Brant Rock, Massachusetts, to a shipboard wireless operator, the once staid and mature industry of radio is facing severe competition and major technological and structural changes to a business model established in the 1920s and 1930s.
		Radio Netherlands, a public international broadcaster with roots that date to 1947, is also seeking ways to engage with its broad audience, estimated at a weekly average of 30 million to 50 million, according to its director general, Jan Hoek, who expects the number of users to rise.
		Today, the giant of international broadcasting remains the BBC World Service, with a total audience that grew to an average of 149 million a week last year, up from 146 million a year earlier.
	www.iht.com /articles/2006/02/26/business/radio27.php (1283 words)

	International Broadcasting Bureau
		International Broadcasting Bureau has six full-time monitoring offices - in Accra,Bahrain,Helsinki, Hong Kong, New Delhi and Vienna - and many contract monitors all over the globe.
		All non-military, U.S. Government international broadcast services are under the Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG), which is an independent, autonomous Federal entity.
		The International Broadcasting Bureau (IBB) is a part of the BBG.
	www.ibb.fi (192 words)

	The Association for International Broadcasting
		The Association for International Broadcasting announced the winners of its second annual global awards at a glamorous gala event in London on 22 November, 2006.
		“The international broadcasting industry is often more innovative and fleet of foot than its domestic counterparts, and the Awards demonstrate the breadth of superb content that’s on offer to viewers and listeners throughout the world.
		The latest edition of the only guide to broadcasters domestic and international, television and radio, throughout the world is now on sale...exclusively from its publisher, the Association for International Broadcasting.
	www.aib.org.uk (820 words)

	Pan American Broadcasting, Placing Radio Ministries on International Radio Stations For Over 70 Years.
		Pan American Broadcasting has been assisting ministries in the growth and expansion of their congregation via radio, television and Internet broadcasting.
		In honor of Pan American Broadcasting's 70th anniversary we recognize the dedication and service of each and every ministry and their global impact to share the Gospel via radio, television and the Internet.
		In 2006 Pan American Broadcasting is proud to honor a 20 year partnership with the dynamic radio ministry of "Foursquare Gospel Tidings" with Pastor and Mrs.
	www.radiopanam.com (627 words)

	History of International Broadcasting-Review
		At the start of the book he bluntly states that all international broadcasting is propaganda broadcasting, but he gives no definition of what he means by propaganda.
		Given the broad sweep of his definition of propaganda, it is understandable that all international broadcasting can be so described, but it really doesn't help us to understand the functions of this medium.
		Another example of an unconventional view is his assertion that Western broadcasters are just as responsible for the fact of jamming as are the jamming states themselves, as the former broadcast programs which could well have incited unrest.
	www181.pair.com /otsw/review-wood.html (899 words)

	International Broadcasting Alternatives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The use of international broadcasters as a source of news information and even audio feeds is, of course, another matter.
		If it is not done already, perhaps international broadcasters need to notify select local stations in advance of programming connected to major events such as coverage of US elections and international sporting events.
		Venezuela's new "Class D" FM licenses could make it possible for international broadcasters to spur the growth of public radio in Venezuela by giving these type of organizations small FM transmitters which could be used to relay the outside broadcaster(s) during part of the day and locally produced programming at other times.
	www.swl.net /patepluma/south/venez/study/vs_ibers.htm (2561 words)

	Is International Broadcasting Just Around The Corner? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		In considering what has been going on in the development of international exchange of radio programs it is well to bear in mind that attempts are not being made to link the average receiving sets in American homes directly with foreign transmitters.
		It is one of the biggest broadcasting jobs in existence and the fact that some of the world's largest experimental laboratories are working almost as a unit on the problem is merely indicative of the immensity of the task.
		Somewhere there's alawys a program on the air and in most cases that program is going out on short waves in order that experimenters in other sections of the world may have the use of it for their tests.
	antiqueradios.com /features/aroundthecorner.shtml (1560 words)

	WWW Virtual Library: International Affairs Resources--International Radio and Television Broadcasts
		International Broadcasting Web Directory-- "The worldwide Yellow Internet Pages of the broadcasting stations," with thousands of links, from ILG Radio.
		Note especially their Hit List of Internet and Gopher and FTP sites on international radio, with many stations in live audio.
		TvRadioWorld-- Large informational directory about radio and television broadcasters and trade publications worldwide (including contact information), with identification of and links to those stations broadcasting online.
	www.etown.edu /vl/radio.html (517 words)

	U.S. International Broadcasting Services (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Broadcasts are now carried via agreements with governments and networks.
		It is ironic that U.S. broadcasts were jammed for many decades, and now these stations have transmitters in former communist countries.
		In the past, many risked their lives to listen to U.S. broadcasts, and now nearly every service can be accessed through the Internet.
	iml.jou.ufl.edu /projects/Spring2000/Parsons/present.htm (517 words)

	Faxem International
		We only charge for successfully sent faxes and our fax broadcast fixed page rates are at wholesale price 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
		At Faxem International we offer email marketing services with database management options, advanced tools to assist in message creation and bulk email sending via our state of the art email marketing servers.
		Faxem International’s Email Marketing system is an industry leader in terms of its customer interface and the level of reporting and live tracking.
	www.faxem.com.au (460 words)

	Office of International Broadcasting Oversight
		The Office of International Broadcasting Oversight (IBO) conducts and coordinates audits, program evaluations, and special reviews to ensure that the Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG) effectively, efficiently, and economically discharges its responsibilities for promoting the free flow of information worldwide in support of U.S. national interests.
		Separate from its responsibility for overseeing Department programs, OIG is charged with oversight of all U.S. non-military international broadcasting activities under BBG, which was established by the U.S. International Broadcasting Act of 1994 (PL 103-236, Title III).
		Statutes and interagency agreements nevertheless link BBG with the Department at the BBG board level where the Secretary or his designate serve as a voting member with regard to foreign policy guidance, approving editorials of U.S. policy, and logistical support overseas.
	oig.state.gov /ibo (286 words)

	International Broadcasters Radio Arts
		- Broadcasts to Western Europe on AM/FM and shortwave 9710 kHz, to Russia on shortwave on 9555 kHz, and to North America on shortwave on 9855 kHz.
		- Broadcasts Bible teachings in 15 languages to all world regions on local media such as mediumwave, TV and FM, via international shortwave radio and Internet radio and TV.
		- Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty is an international news and broadcast organization serving Central and Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Central Asia, Russia, the Middle East and Balkan countries.
	www.iaswww.com /ODP/Arts/Radio/International_Broadcasters (1378 words)

	Converging Responsibility - Documents and links
		The Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union (ABU) is a regional association of television and radio networks.
		The Independent Broadcasting Authority of South Africa will be represented by Councillors Nadia Bulbulia and Madala Mphahlele.
		After conducting an in-depth review under the Broadcasting Act and the Telecommunications Act beginning last July, the CRTC has concluded that the new media on the Internet are achieving the goals of the Broadcasting Act and are vibrant, highly competitive and successful without regulation.
	www.comunica.org /kl/docsnlinks.htm (1158 words)

	International Broadcasting Corporation; What is IBC? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		A collateral effect of shortwave broadcasting is that the signals can actually reach all over the world as they bounce off of the ionosphere.
		Recent surveys revealed that in 1999, 97% of regular business travelers listened to international shortwave." The increase in the shortwave audience, says Merlin, is "spelt out dramatically by just one factory in China that is frantically producing 300,000 shortwave radio sets per month just to support demand.
		International Broadcasting Corporation is a developmental stage company that endeavors to develop successful publishing, media, and broadcasting related businesses and ventures.
	www.ibcmedia.com /company-news19.htm (715 words)

	Open Directory - Arts: Radio: International Broadcasters
		Access to EGR is open to all who have a Christian message to broadcast to the world, regardless of their denomination or Church affiliation.
		ORF - Radio Austria International - The radio voice of the Government of Austria broadcasts worldwide in numerous languages.
		Radio Taiwan International - RTI, the national radio station of Taiwan, produces news reports and programs focusing on culture, education, entertainment, and other information from local and international perspectives.
	dmoz.org /Arts/Radio/International_Broadcasters (1641 words)

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