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Topic: Legume

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	Legume - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A legume is a simple dry fruit which develops from a simple carpel and usually dehisces (opens along a seam) on two sides.
		Legumes are noteworthy for their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, an accomplishment attributable to a symbiotic relationship with certain bacteria known as rhizobia found in root nodules of these plants.
		Legume seed and foliage has a comparatively higher protein content than non-legume material, probably due to the additional nitrogen that legumes receive through nitrogen-fixation symbiosis.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Legume (404 words)

	legume - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about legume (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Some legumes – such as beans, peas, and alfalfa – are widely cultivated because they are edible and also because they help to replenish the nitrogen in the soil.
		Legumes are important in agriculture because of their specialized roots, which have nodules containing bacteria capable of fixing nitrogen from the air and increasing the fertility of the soil.
		The edible seeds of legumes are called pulses.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /legume (156 words)

	Fabaceae - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		All members of this family have five-petaled flowers in which the superior ovary ripens to form a "pod", technically called a legume, whose two sides split apart, releasing the seeds which are attached to one or both seams.
		The legumous plants are traditionally classified into three subfamilies, sometimes raised to the rank of family in the order Fabales, on the basis of flower morphology (specifically, petal shape):
		The legume, acting as a host; and rhizobia, acting as a provider of usable nitrate, form a symbiotic relationship.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fabaceae (563 words)

	Information about the Family Leguminosae (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Legumes (les légumineuses in french) are plants of the pea or bean family, the Leguminosae (Fabaceae in the USA).
		Legumes are used as crops, forages and green manures.
		Legumes are a significant component of nearly all terrestrial biomes, on all continents (except Antarctica).
	www.ildis.org /Leguminosae (907 words)

	Legume Seed Inoculants
		Legumes convert atmospheric nitrogen to usable ammonia nitrogen for the plant.
		Legumes have the unique ability to form a symbiotic relationship with rhizobia (Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium) bacteria to convert atmospheric nitrogen gas to ammonia nitrogen, a form usable by the plant.
		Legume inoculation is the process of introducing commercially prepared sources of rhizobia to promote nitrogen fixation.
	www.ext.colostate.edu /pubs/crops/00305.html (1262 words)

	Legume Species as Leaf Vegetables
		The legume family (Fabaceae-Leguminosae) is second in economic importance to the grass family (Poaceae-Gramineae), and with estimated 16-19,000 species in about 750 genera it ranks third in size after the Orchidaceae and the Asteraceae-Compositae (Allen and Allen 1981).
		Most domesticated legumes are valued primarily for seeds, yet the leaves of many grain legumes equal or exceed the protein content of their seeds on a dry weight basis.
		Very few legume leaves are recorded as being eaten raw or in salads, where the details of preparation are not known, the leaves should be boiled, and the cooking water thrown out.
	www.hort.purdue.edu /newcrop/proceedings1990/v1-391.html (2274 words)

	LabSpec - Grain Allergens
		Many legume seeds contain toxic compounds, commonly referred to as lectins or hemagglutinins, which have to be inactivated by boiling before they can be eaten (51).
		While the clinical relevance of eliminating legumes as a food group from the diet of allergic patients is disputed, several reports confirm crossrcactivity.
		Vegetable gums produced from seeds, pods or exudates from legume plants are commonly added to food as stabilizers or thickeners.
	www.labspec.co.za /l_legume.htm (2388 words)

	Conference on Rhizobium and Mycorrhizae in Crops
		Because of their nitrogen fixing ability, legumes are less reliant on inorganic nitrogen fertiliser than many other non legume crops such as cereals and pasture grasses.
		Legumes have considerable potential in crop rotations in sustainable agricultural systems in maintaining soil fertility and thus reducing the need for nitrogen fertiliser.
		Research on grain legumes at the University of Sunderland is currently assessing the potential of lentil and pinto bean as grain legume crops in the UK.
	www.sunderland.ac.uk /~es0man/conference.htm (1612 words)

	Summer Forage Legume Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Forage legumes have the ability to take N from the air if certain bacteria are in the soil where the plant is growing.
		When these organisms are present, nodules develop on the roots and the legumes accumulate N for their growth.
		Legume pastures require intensive management if their full potential value is to be realized.
	edis.ifas.ufl.edu /DS126 (2190 words)

	U.S. Legume Crops Genomics Workshop
		On 30-31 July 2001 twenty-six legume scientists with knowledge of structural and functional genomics, DNA markers, transformation, bioinformatics, and legume crop improvement participated in a workshop hosted by the United Soybean Board, the National Peanut Foundation, the USA Dry Pea and Lentil Council, and the USDA-ARS.
		In addition, the nitrogen fixed by legumes is equivalent to sequestering a further 800 million metric tons of CO Estimates indicate that in the U.S., simple rotation of a legume with corn could replace 12 to15% of the nitrogen fertilizer needs by corn resulting in an on-farm savings in excess of $500 million.
		The grower leaders and association staff agreed their respective legume crops are in a stronger position to achieve support for a plan if it is presented and supported by each commodity organization in its entirety.
	www.legumes.org /Documents/US_Leg_Crop_Genomics_WhitePaper.html (3202 words)

	Legume Info - Encyclopedia WikiWhat.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A legume is a simple dry fruit that develops from a simple pistil and usually dehisces (opening along a seam) on two sides.
		A peanut is an indehiscent legume — that is, it does not split open along a seam.
		Another characteristic of Legumes, is that they host bacteria in and on their roots.
	www.wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/l/le/legume.html (246 words)

	LEGUME NITROGEN FIXATION AND TRANSFER
		Legumes are generally grown with grasses in the hope that the legume will provide nitrogen for the grass and thereby eliminate or reduce the need for applied commercial nitrogen fertilizer.
		The primary pathways for nitrogen transfer from the legume to the soil are through grazing livestock and decomposition of dead legume plant material.
		When legume forage is consumed by grazing livestock, from 80 to 90% of the nitrogen in that forage passes through the animal and is excreted in the urine and feces.
	overton.tamu.edu /clover/cool/nfix.htm (1520 words)

	Legume Family (Fabaceae) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Legume fruits come in an enormous variety of shapes and sizes, including indehiscent pods that do not split open.
		Of all the legumes, the peanut is especially fascinating because it develops below the ground.
		Unlike the fruits of most members of the legume family, the unusual fruits have a distinctive wing that causes the legume to spin as it falls from the rain forest canopy.
	waynesword.palomar.edu /legume1.htm (881 words)

	Legume Technology - Frequently Asked Questions
		Legume Fix inoculants are simply applied between seed layers or onto augered seed.
		Legume Fix has an integral sticker, which maximizes adhesion of rhizobia to the seed surface with minimal mixing.
		Legume Fix inoculation is essential on these soil types.
	www.legumetechnology.co.uk /faq.htm (664 words)

	Legume Technologies
		Legume Technologies helps individuals and teams "Think Clearly" and "Communicate Efficiently" through web-based information capture and presentation techniques called Legume Diagrams.
		These diagrams are created using Legume for Microsoft Visio, a tool delivered as a Microsoft Office Visio add-on.
		My goal is to use computer graphics approaches to implement mind map like capabilities in ways that are "web friendly." I see techniques such as these as key to survival as we move further into the information age.
	www.legumetech.com /LegumeWho.htm (421 words)

	Part I. (cont.) The legumes that can fix nitrogen
		Most legumes can be identified by their "papilionaceous" flower (literally - butterfly-like) which consists of a large, uppermost (banner) petal, 2 lateral (wing) petals, and 2 lower, fused (keel) petals.
		Other distinguishing factors include: 1) leaves that are alternate, stipulate, and pinnately (or palmately) compound and 2) fruits that are a "legume" or pod which consist of a single carpel that dehisces along 2 sutures.
		The legume family (Leguminosae or Fabaceae) includes many important crop species such as pea, alfalfa, clover, common bean, peanut, and lentil.
	academic.reed.edu /biology/Nitrogen/Nfix1(legumes).html (478 words)

	legume on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		LEGUME [legume], common name for any plant of the family Leguminosae, which is called also the pulse, legume, pea, or bean family.
		Roles of flavonoids in symbiotic and defense functions in legume roots.
		Anastasie Liata Bokota plants legumes in a garden of what use to be part of her home on the outskirts of Kisangani, Congo.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/l1/legume.asp (500 words)

	Legume Conference
		Legumes Down Under will provide an opportunity for researchers in various disciplines to come together to present results of recent research on this important plant family.
		A new book "Legumes of the World", concisely describing and illustrating every genus in the family, edited by Gwil Lewis and Brian Schrire, will be launched at the conference.
		The Legumes Down Under Committee is endeavouring to raise monies to assist persons from developing countries in attending the conference in order to present papers.
	www.science.uts.edu.au /sasb/legumes.html (512 words)

	Legume (Fabaceae) Fruits and Seeds, version 2
		This is an identification key to genera for seeds and fruits of the legume family.
		The key can be used for identifying to genus unknown legume samples or for querying the data and images for legume genera, and is designed for seed analysts, technicians, port inspectors, weed scientists, ecologists, botanists, and researchers who need to identify isolated legume fruits and seeds.
		Gunn, C.R. A nomenclator of legume (Fabaceae) genera.
	nt.ars-grin.gov /sbmlweb/OnlineResources/Fabaceae/Index.cfm (642 words)

	Legumes as a Model Plant Family. Genomics for Food and Feed Report of the Cross-Legume Advances through Genomics ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		the cool-season legumes and soybean for the warm-season legumes.
		Legume diversity and evolution in a phylogenetic context.
		McKey D (1994) Legumes and nitrogen: the evolutionary ecology of a nitrogen-demanding lifestyle.
	www.plantphysiol.org /cgi/content/full/137/4/1228 (4234 words)

	Forage Selection Seeding Guide
		A pure legume stand is usually higher in forage quality than a pure grass stand or a grass-legume mixture.
		Reduces the problem of legumes "heaving." This is the process in which legumes are raised from the soil surface by freeze-thaw action in the late winter and early spring, resulting in plant damage.
		As in the case of grasses, soil characteristics indicate whether a legume is adapted to a certain location.
	www.agry.purdue.edu /ext/forages/publications/ay253.htm (2523 words)

	legume -- Compton's Desk Reference - Your gateway to all Britannica has to offer!
		The pods are part of the diet of nearly all humans and supply most dietary protein in regions of high population density.
		In addition, legumes perform the invaluable act of nitrogen fixation.
		Legumes also provide edible oils, gums, fibers, and raw material for plastics, and some are ornamentals.
	deskreference.britannica.com /ebc/article-9369966 (225 words)

	ACNFP - 2nd Australian Model Legume Workshop
		To explore structural characteristics of legume genomes, we have been taking two approaches: genome sequencing of a model legume and comparison of genomes among various model and agronomically important legume species based on DNA markers.
		Signaling between rhizobia and legumes initiates development of a unique plant organ, the root nodule, where the bacteria undergo endocytosis and become surrounded by a plant membrane to form a symbiosome (Sym).
		We are using the model legume Medicago truncatula to develop such markers in legumes of importance to Australian agriculture.
	wwwacnfp.murdoch.edu.au /rott05speakers.htm (7956 words)

	Allrecipes \| Cook's Encyclopedia \| legume
		Some of the more common legumes used for human consumption are beans, lentils, peanuts, peas, and soybeans.
		When the seeds of a legume are dried, they're referred to as PULSES.
		The high-protein legumes are a staple throughout the world.
	allrecipes.com /advice/ref/ency/terms/7222.asp (130 words)

	Selecting the Right Legume
		Grass alone did not begin to match the legume or mixture yields unless fertilized with 100-200 pounds of nitrogen per acre.
		Presented here is a procedure for selecting that legume species best suited to a field based on its particular combination of these three soil traits.
		The column shows the three or four legumes that are adapted to the specific combination of soil traits just enumerated in the order of desirability--i.e., first species listed is the most desirable, the second is next most desirable.
	www.agry.purdue.edu /ext/forages/publications/ay211.htm (644 words)

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