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Topic: Lycopene

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Polyene

Carotenoid

Conjugated system

Tomato

Color

Energy state

Red

Molecule

Food coloring

	Lycopene.org
		Lycopene is an open-chain unsaturated carotenoid that imparts red colour to tomatoes, guava, rosehip, watermelon and pink grapefruit.
		The chemical form of lycopene found in tomatoes is converted by the temperature changes involved in processing to make it more easily absorbed by the body.
		Ongoing preliminary research suggests that lycopene is associated with reduced risk of macular degenerative disease, serum lipid oxidation and cancers of the lung, bladder, cervix and skin.
	www.lycopene.org (482 words)

	ACS :: Lycopene
		Lycopene is the compound that gives tomatoes and certain other fruits and vegetables their color.
		Lycopene is considered one of the more effective antioxidants because it is not converted to vitamin A after it is eaten.
		Lycopene obtained from eating fruits and vegetables has no known side effects and is thought to be safe for humans who are not allergic to the foods.
	www.cancer.org /docroot/ETO/content/ETO_5_3X_Lycopene.asp?sitearea=ETO (1849 words)

	Lycopene
		Lycopene, similar to other carotenoids, is a natural fat-soluble pigment (red, in the case of lycopene) found in certain plants and microorganisms, where it serves as an accessory light-gathering pigment and to protect these organisms against the toxic effects of oxygen and light.
		Lycopene is a lipophilic compound and is insoluble in water.
		Lycopene from supplements or from the matrices of foods is either solubilized in the lipid core of micelles (formed from bile salts and dietary fat) in the lumen of the small intestine or forms clathrate complexes with conjugated bile salts.
	www.pdrhealth.com /drug_info/nmdrugprofiles/nutsupdrugs/lyc_0165.shtml (2030 words)

	Lycopene in Tomatoes and Prostate Cancer
		Lycopene, a powerful antioxidant, is found abundant in tomatoes and tomato products.
		In this study, researchers found that high level of lycopene in the blood was associated with low PSA (prostate specific antigen) levels.
		It is due to the fact that lycopene is bound to tomato's cell structure; processing releases lycopene from the cell structure.
	www.healthcastle.com /lycopene-prostatecancer.shtml (276 words)

	Lycopene - Prevention Agents
		Lycopene is one of 600 or so plant-derived carotenoids, substances responsible for the yellow, orange, and red colors of fruits and vegetables.
		Lycopene is one of the major carotenoids found in human blood and tissues, and is found primarily in the testis, adrenal glands, liver, prostate, breast, colon, and lung.
		Lycopene is currently considered one of the most efficient carotenoids at protecting against free radicals that damage critical parts of the cell, including lipids, membrane lipoproteins, proteins, and DNA
	www.cancer.gov /prevention/agents/Lycopene.html (238 words)

	Lycopene : by Ray Sahelian, M.D., lycopene benefits lycopene prostate
		Lycopene, a carotenoid in the same family as beta carotene, is what gives a tomato, and several other fruits, their deep red color.
		Lycopene is one of the major carotenoids in the diet of North Americans and accounts for close to 50% of the carotenoid distribution found in blood.
		Lycopene is the pigment that gives tomatoes their red color, and is one of four main carotenoids normally found in human blood and tissue.
	www.raysahelian.com /lycopene.html (4528 words)

	Lycopene (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Lycopene is responsible for the reddish pigments of vegetables, being the main color constituent to tomatoes.
		Lycopene appears to be quite stable during the processing of foods, and its bioavailablity is considerably influenced by heat and lipid consumption.
		Lycopene, as with any dietary supplement, is contraindicated to those who have an underlying hypersensitivity to lycopene containing foods.
	www.supplementnews.org /lycopene (1031 words)

	The Functions of Tomato Lycopene and Its Role in Human Health (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Lycopene is a potent quencher of singlet oxygen (a reactive form of oxygen), which suggests that it may have comparatively stronger antioxidant properties than other major plasma carotenoids.
		Lycopene was found to induce the formation of the protein connexin 43, one of the major building blocks of these channels, and thereby to restore gap junctions.
		Lycopene inhibition of cell cycle progression in breast and endometrial cancer cells is associated with reduction in cyclin D levels and retention of p27(Kip1) in the cyclin E-cdk2 complexes.
	www.herbalgram.org /lycored (5367 words)

	Lycopene - Supplements
		Because lycopene is a potent antioxidant and seems to inhibit growth of cancer cells, it is logical that a higher intake of this carotenoid may indeed be associated with reduced incidence of cancer.
		Finally, lycopene is known to play a role, along with beta-carotene, in protecting the skin from the damaging effects of ultra-violet light radiation.
		Indeed, several epidemiologic studies have shown that consumption of foods high in lycopene (tomatoes, pizza sauce and tomato juice) is associated with lower rates of prostate cancer and plasma lycopene levels are clearly reduced, by about 40-50%, in smokers whose lungs are exposed to a high degree of oxidative damage.
	www.supplementwatch.com /supatoz/supplement.asp?supplementId=193 (1323 words)

	MedlinePlus Herbs and Supplements: Lycopene (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Lycopene is a carotenoid, and is present in human serum, liver, adrenal glands, lungs, prostate, colon, and skin at higher levels than other carotenoids.
		Lycopene in combination with other carotenoids such as beta-carotene, vitamins C an E, selenium and proanthocyanidins, may help in reducing sunburn.Selected protective effects from UV rays have been observed in small, short-term studies.
		In one study, lycopene components were found in samples of human breast milk, at approximately 10 percent of blood concentrations.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/druginfo/natural/patient-lycopene.html (2107 words)

	Lycopene Information
		Lycopene’s antioxidant property is twice as high as that of beta carotene and ten times higher than that of alpha tocopherol.
		Lycopene is an acrylic isomer of beta carotene and it is synthesized by plants and microorganisms.
		Lycopene increases gap-junctional intercellular communication, and this action is believed to be responsible for enabling the transfer of growth-regulatory signals.
	www.vitaminherbuniversity.com /topic.asp?categoryid=3&topicid=1096 (1334 words)

	Lycopene-A Scientific Overview,What is Lycopene and its sources,Actions and Pharmacology.Tomato Extract ...
		Lycopene found in human plasma is a mixture of approximately 50% cis lycopene and 50% all-trans lycopene.
		Lycopene was found to induce the formation of the protein connexin, one of the major building blocks of these channels, and thereby to restore gap junctions.
		Lycopene is the predominant Carotenoid that concentrates in the Testicles.
	www.mdidea.com /products/herbextract/lycopene/data.html (6736 words)

	Lycopene (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Lycopene is also the best quencher of a particular type of destructive free radical called singlet-oxygen (Di Mascio, et al., Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics) Unlike betacarotene, lycopene has no pro-vitamin A activity, relying on a different mechanism for its outstanding antioxidant power.
		Lycopene was found to be the key antioxidant that guards against ARMD (Age-Related Macular Degeneration), a condition that may cause blindness.
		Lycopene is found in high concentrations in male testes and lower levels of lycopene are found in infertile males, Gupta told Reuters Health.
	www.lycopene.co.za /Product.htm (2509 words)

	US FDA/CFSAN - Qualified Health Claims: Letter Regarding Tomatoes and Prostate Cancer (Lycopene Heath Claim Coalition)
		Lycopene is an ingredient of foods such as red tomatoes, red tomato-based foods, red or pink grapefruit, watermelon, red sweet peppers, papaya, and pink guava.
		Lycopene is also a member of the carotenoid family that is marketed as a dietary supplement.
		The proposed claims regarding lycopene are for a relationship between lycopene as a dietary supplement or lycopene as an ingredient or component of food, tomatoes and tomato products, which contain lycopene, lycopene in tomatoes and tomato products, and lycopene in fruits and vegetables, including tomatoes and tomato products.
	www.cfsan.fda.gov /~dms/qhclyco2.html (8929 words)

	Le Magazine, August 1999 - Cover Story: Lycopene: The Rediscovered Carotene
		Lycopene is so effective at quenching free radicals, it beat out vitamin E in one study on oxidized fat.
		Lycopene, in turn, can be adversely affected by inadequate supplies of vitamin C and sulfur molecules such as N-acetylcysteine.
		Lycopene in association with alpha-tocopherol inhibits at physiological concentrations proliferation of prostate carcinoma cells.
	www.lef.org /magazine/mag99/aug99-report1.html (1656 words)

	Lycopene (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Lycopene is abundant in several fruits including guava, watermelon, pink grapefruit, rosehips and tomatoes.
		Lycopene is a carotenoid in the same family as ß-carotene.
		Lycopene, an natural antioxidant found in a number of fruits and vegetables, is being associated with a reduction in the risk of prostate cancer.
	www.alternativehealth.co.nz /cancer/vitamins/licopene.htm (1209 words)

	ChiroFind.com \| tell me about Lycopene
		Lycopene is a substance belonging to the carotenid family.
		Lycopene is red, which helps give tomatoes their distinctive color.
		Several studies have shown lycopene to be effective in fighting certain forms of cancer.
	www.chiroweb.com /find/tellmeabout/lycopene.html (419 words)

	Lycopene, what is lycopene, sources for lycopene, beneficial effects of lycopene, holisticonline.com
		In human blood serum, lycopene is the dominant carotenoid and constitutes approximately 50 percent of all carotenoids found in the serum.
		As you grow older, the lycopene serum values are found to decrease as the risk of prostate cancer increases.
		Although there is question that fruits and vegetables high in lycopene had shown protective and curative effects against prostate cancer and other cancers, many scientists are not convinced that lycopene is the one which is doing the trick.
	www.holistic-online.com /cancer/cancer_lycopene.htm (495 words)

	lycopene
		The men who had the greatest amounts of lycopene in their diet (6.5 mg per day or more) showed a 21% decreased risk of prostate cancer compared with those eating the least.
		In an unblinded, controlled trial, lycopene supplementation, but not tomato juice, effectively increased the body’s lycopene stores.23 These studies suggest that the lycopene present in tomato juice is poorly absorbed.
		Lycopene is a more potent inhibitory of human cancer cell proliferation than either alpha-carotene or beta-carotene.
	www.solgar.co.uk /lycopene/lycopene.html (1414 words)

	Limes & Lycopene - The Blog of Kathryn Elliott
		Limes and Lycopene - The Blog of Kathryn Elliott
		Limes and Lycopene is all about food and health.
		Limes and Lycopene aims to cut through the rubbish, misinformation and downright silliness about health, diet and naturopathy.
	www.kathrynelliott.com.au /blog (2187 words)

	Lycopene.org - Research Update
		The role of lycopene in prostate cancer prevention and thera...
		Lycopene may positively impact health concerns that are impo...
		Dietary lycopene and its possible association with reduced l...
	www.lycopene.org /research.aspx (110 words)

	WHFoods: lycopene
		Lycopene is a member of the carotenoid family of phytochemicals and is the natural pigment responsible for the deep red color of several fruits, most notably tomatoes.
		Lycopene is also believed to play a role in the prevention of heart disease by inhibiting free radical damage to LDL cholesterol.
		Lycopene is a fat-soluble substance, and as such requires the presence of dietary fat for proper absorption through the digestive tract.
	www.whfoods.com /genpage.php?tname=nutrient&dbid=121 (1336 words)

	Lycopene (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Lycopene is a member of the carotenoid family.
		Similar to other carotenoids, lycopene is a naturally occurring fat-soluble red pigment found in plants (algae) and microorganisms (bacteria) where it functions as a light-gathering pigment that offers protection against the sun's rays and oxygen.
		Lycopene is a powerful antioxidant that may possess many undiscovered health benefits.
	www.nutrasanus.com /lycopene.html (410 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Lycopene is a member of the deeply pigmented carotenoid family, the same family as beta carotene, lutein and astaxanthin.
		As a member of the the carotenoid family, Lycopene builds up under the skin like a magic shield to protect against the harmful effects of UV radiation such as sunburn, wrinkles, premature aging and skin cancer.
		The lycopene in Ecco Bella's 'health by chocolate' is readily absorbed by the body because it is introduced to the system along with food fat.
	www.eccobella.com /_lycopene.htm (277 words)

	Lycopene - JHS Natural Products
		Lycopene is a compound found primarily in tomatoes and is a member of the carotenoid family, a group of compounds that includes beta-carotene and has potent antioxidant capabilities.
		Lycopene is the most abundant carotenoid in the prostate, and high blood levels of lycopene have been linked to prostate cancer prevention.
		The ideal intake of lycopen is currently unknown, however, the men in the Harvard study with the greatest protection against cancer consumed at least 6.5 mg per day.
	www.jhsnp.com /store/lycopene.html (261 words)

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