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Topic: Manuel Noriega

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	Manuel Noriega - Encyclopedia.com
		Commander of the Panamanian Defense Forces from 1983, Noriega consolidated the strong-armed rule inherited from Gen. Omar Torrijos Herrera, and became the de facto leader of Panama.
		Noriega case hinges on judge in Miami: The fate of convicted Panamanian former strongman Manuel Antonio Noriega -- including his status as a prisoner of war -- is in the hands of a federal judge.
		Noriega set to be released: This year, Panama's ex-leader Manuel Noriega may leave a South Dade prison where he's been since 1990.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-Noriega.html (0 words)

	Manuel Noriega - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Manuel Antonio Noriega Moreno (born February 11, 1938) was a Panamanian general and the de facto military leader of Panama from 1983 to 1989.
		Noriega claims that the Civic Crusade was the handiwork of U.S. Embassy chargé d'affaires John Maisto, who arranged for Civic Crusade leaders to travel to the Philippines to learn the tactics of the U.S.-supported movement to overthrow Ferdinand Marcos.
		Noriega supporters mocked the demonstrations of the Civic Crusade as "the protest of the Mercedes Benz", deriding the wealthy ladies for banging on teflon-coated pots and pans (unlike the cruder and louder pots and pans traditionally banged by the poor in South American protests), or sending their maids to protest for them.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Manuel_Noriega (2478 words)

	Manuel Noriega - Multimedia - ninemsn Encarta
		Manuel Noriega rose to power in Panama through the military.
		However, in 1989, in response to Noriega’s alleged involvement in drug trafficking and civil liberties violations, US forces invaded Panama in an attempt to depose him and establish a new government.
		Noriega was captured in 1990 and flown to the United States, where, in 1992, a jury found him guilty of charges that included drug trafficking and money laundering.
	au.encarta.msn.com /media_461538822/Manuel_Noriega.html (88 words)

	Manuel Noriega Summary
		Manuel Antonio Noriega Moreno (born February 11, 1938) was a Panamanian general and the de facto military leader of Panama from 1983 to 1989.
		Noriega claims that the Civic Crusade was the handiwork of U.S. Embassy chargé d'affaires John Maisto, who arranged for Civic Crusade leaders to travel to the Philippines to learn the tactics of the U.S.-supported movement to overthrow Ferdinand Marcos.
		Noriega supporters mocked the demonstrations of the Civic Crusade as "the protest of the Mercedes Benz", deriding the wealthy ladies for banging on teflon-coated pots and pans (unlike the cruder and louder pots and pans traditionally banged by the poor in South American protests), or sending their maids to protest for them.
	www.bookrags.com /Manuel_Noriega (0 words)

	FindLaw for Legal Professionals - Case Law, Federal and State Resources, Forms, and Code
		Manuel Antonio Noriega appeals: (1) his multiple convictions stemming from his involvement in cocaine trafficking; [1] and (2) the district court's denial of his motion for a new trial based on newly discovered evidence.
		Noriega challenges his convictions on five distinct grounds: the first three relate to the district court's decision to exercise jurisdiction over this case and the final two concern evidentiary rulings by the district court.
		Noriega points to no evidence that the government had actual knowledge of the alleged payment by the Cali Cartel, but he insists that it should be charged with constructive knowledge of the bribe.
	laws.lp.findlaw.com /11th/924687MAN.htm (7851 words)

	Manuel Noriega
		During his acceptance speech, Noriega declares that "the North American scheme, through constant psychological and military harassment, has created a state of war in Panama." The U.S. government opts to interpret this statement as a declaration of war against the United States.
		Manuel Noriega is sentenced to 40 years without parole in a federal prison for eight counts of drug smuggling, conspiracy, and racketeering.
		In his statement, Noriega decries President George HW Bush for "causing the deaths of innocent people" during the 1989 Panama invasion.
	www.rotten.com /library/bio/dictators/manuel-noriega (0 words)

	Politics: US Accomplice to Noriega's Crimes
		Manuel Noriega, as the key mediator between the White House and the Cartel, was the linch-pin of this arrangement.
		As early as 1967, Noriega was on the CIA payroll.
		Perhaps initially unaware of Noriega's early support of the Sandinistas and the Salvadoran rebels (the main cause of his eventual downfall), the Reagan Administration was fully apprised of his connections with the Medellin Cartel, essentially from 1982.
	howardgarcia.com /Articles/Noriegas_Crimes.htm (956 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		PANAMA CITY (AP) -- Manuel Noriega, serving a drug sentence in the United States, has been sentenced to 20 years in prison by a Panamanian court for the murder of a man who tried to overthrow the military ruler.
		One of Noriega's former lieutenants also was sentenced Tuesday to 20 years for his part in the 1989 killing of Maj. Moises Giroldi.
		Noriega and another man were sentenced last year to 20 years in prison for the 1985 decapitation of Dr. Hugo Spadafora, a Noriega opponent.
	www.mosquitonet.com /~prewett/intellectualauthor.html (140 words)

	Manuel A. Noriega Biography \| Encyclopedia of World Biography
		Manuel Antonio Noriega was born the son of an accountant and his maid in a poor barrio of Panama City in 1934.
		Noriega declared the election void, installed another puppet as provisional president, and, in October 1989, survived a coup hatched among discontented PDF officers and openly supported by U.S. forces.
		Using as pretext Noriega's declaration that U.S. actions had created a virtual state of war, fear that Noriega would jeopardize the security of the canal (which was untrue), and the firing on U.S. soldiers passing the PDF headquarters, the United States launched a full-scale attack (Operation Just Cause) with 24,000 troops on December 20, 1989.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/manuel-a-noriega (0 words)

	U.S. Judge Allows Noriega To Be Extradited to France - washingtonpost.com
		Noriega, 73, his hair dyed fl and his posture militarily upright in court hearings, is nearing the end of his U.S. prison sentence for drug trafficking.
		A federal judge refused Friday Aug. 24, 2007 to block the extradition of former Panamanian dictator Manuel Noriega to France, where is accused of laundering millions of dollars in drug proceeds through French banks.
		In France, Noriega was convicted in 1999 of "drug trafficking and money laundering linked to drug trafficking" and was sentenced in absentia to 10 years in prison, said a foreign ministry spokesman, who under ministry rules would not be quoted by name.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-dyn/content/article/2007/08/28/AR2007082800670.html (0 words)

	General Manuel Noriega Panama, Dictator of the Month April, 2002
		General Manuel Antonio Noriega (born February 11, 1934) was a Panamanian general and the de facto military leader of Panama from 1983 to 1989.
		Born in Panama City, Noriega was a career soldier, receiving much of his education at the Military School de Chorrillos in Lima, Peru and at the School of the Americas in Fort Benning, Georgia.
		Noriega was on the CIA payroll since the early 1970s, as former CIA Director Admiral Stansfield Turner admitted in 1988, and he retained U.S. support until February 5, 1988 when the DEA had him indicted on federal drug charges relating to his activities before 1984.
	www.dictatorofthemonth.com /Noriega/Apr2002NoriegaEN.htm (835 words)

	Encyclopedia
		Noriega claims to have spent his childhood in his mother’s home village of Yaviza, in Darién Province, near the border with Colombia.
		Noriega suppressed a military coup attempt in October, but two months later the U.S. military launched Operation Just Cause, invading Panama and installing Endara as president.
		Captured and flown to the U.S. in January 1990, Noriega was found guilty in April 1992 of racketeering and cocaine trafficking, making him the first foreign head of state ever convicted in a U.S. court.
	www.historychannel.com /encyclopedia/article.jsp?link=FWNE.fw..no054850.a (774 words)

	Noriega (disambiguation) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Manuel Noriega, the general and former military leader of Panama;
		Carlos I. Noriega, Peruvian-American NASA astronaut retired U.S. Marine Corps lieutenant colonel;
		Manuel Noriega Ruiz, Mexican stage-screen actor, director, and screenwriter (also known as "Manolo" Noriega);
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Noriega (130 words)

	The Biography Channel - Manuel Noriega Biography
		In 1968, Noriega participated in a coup that overthrew the government in Panama, and ushered in an era of military rule under Omar Torrijos.
		He established a record of harassing, arresting, imprisoning or exiling critics of the regime and, by the end of the 1970s, Noriega had earned a reputation as the most feared man in the country.
		Noriega acquired a highly unsavoury image in the American press, but matters became more complicated with the disclosure that Noriega had been in the pay of the U.S. Army, and the CIA, for more than 30 years.
	www.thebiographychannel.co.uk /biography_home/715:0/Manuel_Noriega.htm (351 words)

	Amazon.com: America's Prisoner:: The Memoirs of Manuel Noriega: Books: Peter Eisner (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		General Noriega, the Panamanian leader the Bush administration captured and put on trial after invading the country in December 1989, provides his own account from federal prison of the events leading up to his capture and trial and the twisted logic of the United States in embarking on its invasion strategy.
		Noriega's support of policies that began with the Torrijos administration on raising living standards among the nation's poor seems to be sincere; no doubt this is connected with his Catholic faith and his familiarity with the Bible, which is quoted in several places in the book.
		Noriega also writes fondly about his career in the Panamanian military and the honor, discipline and professionalism associated with this career and the duties he performed on behalf of his country.
	www.amazon.com /Americas-Prisoner-Memoirs-Manuel-Noriega/dp/0679432272 (2630 words)

	Manuel Noriega - Demopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		General Manuel Antonio Noriega Moreno (born February 11, 1938) was a Panamanian general and the de facto military leader of Panama from 1983 to 1989.
		Manuel Noriega's ties to U.S. intelligence agencies began in the 1950's when he started as an informant about his fellow classmates at a military academy.
		North tells Poindexter that Noriega can assist with sabotage against the Sandinistas, and suggests paying Noriega a million dollars -- from "Project Democracy" funds raised from the sale of U.S. arms to Iran -- for the Panamanian leader's help in destroying Nicaraguan economic installations.
	demopedia.democraticunderground.com /index.php/Manuel_Noriega (510 words)

	CNN.com - Noriega back in prison after stroke - Dec 6, 2004
		An assistant to Noriega attorney Frank Rubino said the former leader told her Monday he was in good spirits, although tired.
		Noriega was taken into federal custody after the U.S. military's December 1989 invasion of Panama.
		Noriega was convicted in 1992 and sentenced to 40 years in prison.
	www.cnn.com /2004/US/12/06/noriega.stroke/index.html (242 words)

	Panama Invasion - history of Manuel Noriega and the U.S invasion
		Noriega and the PDF were the obvious prime suspects, but they had the power to block any attempt to discover the truth about the murder.
		Noriega's response to international criticism of the election process was to nullify the elections and appoint one of his high school classmates to serve as provisional president.
		Noriega's supporters in Washington were slow to understand his growing threat to U.S. interests, and Noriega failed to notice the transformation of his status from an ally to an enemy.
	www.vacationscostarica.com /panama/tours/info/panama_invasion.htm (10119 words)

	Manuel Noriega Denied Parole - TalkLeft: The Politics of Crime (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		In 1990, former Panamian dictator Manuel Noriega was sentenced in federal court in Florida to 30 years in prison for drug smuggling.
		Under the old parole guidelines, Noriega can be made to serve 20 of his 30 years.
		Noriega was arrested in late 1989 on orders from President George Bush.
	talkleft.com /new_archives/005633.html (254 words)

	TRUE DEMOCRACY SPRING 2001
		Noriega was born in 1940 to an extremely poor family so he was a perfect target for the agency which breaks the law which hired him as a high school student.
		We know the real reason why Manuel Noriega was arrested and tried because there was a film made about it.
		Moreover, more drugs are coming into the United States now than were when Manuel Noriega was leader of that country so the United States' government is not interested in ending the drugs; it is interested in maintaining the hegemony of the United States.
	truedemocracy.net /s01/2f.html (526 words)

	ZoomInfo Web Summary: Manuel Noriega
		The Panamanian President Manuel Noriega was removed from government by US troops and taken to Miami to face trial for drug charges.
		The latest sentence, reported in local media Thursday, was the result of an anti-corruption investigation that found that Noriega had mismanaged $1.5 million from the state-run agriculture and livestock bank.
		Noriega, deposed in a 1989 U.S. invasion, is now serving a 30-year sentence in Miami on drug-trafficking charges.
	www.zoominfo.com /Search/PersonDetail.aspx?PersonID=1178869&pc= (1614 words)

	Panama - Noriega Takes Control
		On August 12, 1985, Noriega stated that the situation in the country was "totally anarchic and out of control;" he also criticized Ardito Barletta for running an incompetent government.
		Observers speculated that another reason--and probably the real one--for the ouster of Ardito Barletta was FDP opposition to the president's plan to investigate the murder of Dr. Hugo Spadafora, a prominent critic of the Panamanian military.
		Relatives of Spadafora claimed that witnesses had seen him in the custody of Panamanian security forces in the Costa Rican border area immediately before his decapitated body was found on September 14, just a few miles north of the Panamanian border.
	countrystudies.us /panama/22.htm (1524 words)

	Stephen Dispatch
		Manuel Noriega was the current president, a known figure in Central American drug and arms trafficking, and a paid contact for the US Central Intelligence Agency.
		Noriega ignored the threats, which persuaded the US to begin systematic efforts to overthrow his government.
		While Barbara and her team were collecting independent film footage, the story that American people heard was that the US had successfully invaded Panama and arrested the internationally notorious narcoterrorist, Manuel Noriega.
	www.ustrek.org /odyssey/semester2/042101/042101stepheninvade.html (1187 words)

	CNN.com - Noriega suffers mild stroke, hospitalized in Miami - Dec 4, 2004
		Rubino said Noriega was taken to an undisclosed Miami hospital after what was called a very minor stroke.
		No neurological damage has been detected and Noriega may be returning to his Miami-area federal prison cell, the lawyer said.
		Noriega was initially a strong ally of the United States.
	www.cnn.com /2004/US/12/04/noriega.stroke/index.html (215 words)

	The Conversion of Manuel Noriega
		For on October 24, 1992, in a baptistry provided by American Rehabilitation Ministries, General Manuel Noriega was immersed in the name of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit in the chambers of the Honorable William M. Hoeveler, United States District Judge, Federal Court House, Miami Florida.
		Noriega was "Public Enemy No. 1" during the time leading up to the U.S. invasion of Panama in December 1989.
		Noriega was allowed to give a brief testimony and be served the Lord’s Supper before being escorted back to his maximum security cell.
	www.arm.org /noriega.htm (0 words)

	Panama: The Resume of Manuel Noriega, the Most Famous Graduate of the School of the Americas - Eric Lormand
		(1) Noriega, considered "outstanding" at the SOA, is on the CIA payroll (to the tune of up to $100,000 a year) from the mid-’60s to the mid-’80s.
		1970-76 Meanwhile, Noriega is in the pay of the CIA and the Pentagon, reportedly receiving more than $100,000 per year.
		The DEA is deeply divided between those who investigated him as a criminal and those who swore by the authenticity of his cooperation with their agency.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~lormand/poli/soa/panama.htm (0 words)

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