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| | Manual of standards for diagnostic tests and vaccines, 4th edition, 2000 |
 | | Ducks are vaccinated subcutaneously or intramuscularly for active immunity. |
 | | Duck virus enteritis (DVE) is an acute, sometimes chronic, contagious virus infection that occurs naturally only in ducks, geese and swans, all members of the family Anatidae of the order Anseriformes. |
 | | The gross lesions are characterised by vascular damage, with tissue haemorrhages and free blood in the body cavities, eruptions, or annular haemorrhages and diphtheroid lesions of the mucosal surfaces of the digestive tract, lesions of the lymphoid organs and retrograde changes of the parenchymatous organs. |
| www.oie.int /fr/normes/mmanual/ancien_manuel/A_00096.htm (2869 words) |
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